| UGT | |
| Location Country: | Spain |
| Members: | 960,000 members (2017). 86,530 union representatives.[1] |
| Leader Title: | Founder |
| Leader Name: | Pablo Iglesias Posse |
| Full Name: | Workers' General Union |
| Native Name: | Unión General de Trabajadores |
| Native Name Lang: | es |
| Founded: | 1888 |
| Headquarters: | Madrid, Spain |
| Key People: | Pepe Álvarez, general secretary |
| Affiliations: | Spanish Socialist Workers' Party International Trade Union Confederation European Trade Union Confederation |
| Website: | www.ugt.es |
The Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT, General Union of Workers) is a major Spanish trade union, historically affiliated with the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).
The UGT was founded 12 August 1888 by Pablo Iglesias Posse in Mataró (Barcelona), with Marxist socialism as its ideological basis, despite its statutory apolitical status. Until its nineteenth Congress in 1920, it did not consider class struggle as a basic principle of trade union action. The UGT was closely associated with the PSOE.
During the World War I era, the UGT followed a tactical line of close relationships and unity of action with the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT, National Labour Confederation). The UGT grew rapidly after 1917, and by 1920 had 200,000 members.[2] This era came to a sudden end with the advent of the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera, who gave a legal monopoly on labor organizing to his own government-sponsored union, the Patriotic Union. While the CNT opted for a radical confrontation with the regime and were prohibited on this account, the UGT, although in disagreement with the dictatorship, adopted a collaborative attitude in order to continue to operate legally. The UGT grew from 277,011 in December 1930, to 958,451 in December 1931, to 1,041,539 in June 1932. Much of this growth occurred in its land workers' federation, the Federación Nacional de Trabajadores de la Tierra (FNTT), which grew from 36,639 in June 1930 to 392,953 in June 1932, raising the proportion of land workers in the UGT from 13 percent to 37 percent.[3] The influx of these workers (jornaleros) caused the union's radicalisation, and the bloody breakout of the Spanish Civil War deepened the internal fissures that resulted in the departure of Largo Caballero from the position of UGT secretary general in 1937.
General Francisco Franco confined the UGT to exile and clandestinity after his victory in the Spanish Civil War until his death in 1975. The Union emerged from secrecy during the democratic transition after Franco's death, as did the communist Workers' Commissions (Comisiones Obreras, CCOO). The UGT and CCOO, between them, constitute the major avenues for workers' representation in modern Spain, with the anarcho-syndicalist Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT) a distant third.
The UGT declares itself to be an institution of productive workers, organized along lines of trades and liberal professions, which respects freedom of thought, leading toward the transformation of the society, in order to establish it on the basis of social justice, equality and solidarity.
| Union | Abbreviation | Founded | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Federation of Industry, Construction and Agriculture | FICA | 2016 | |
| Federation of Public Service Employees | FeSP | 2016 | |
| Federation of Services, Mobility and Consumption | FeSMC | 2016 | |
| Pensioners' Union | UJP | 1978 | |
| Professionals and Autonomous Workers' Union | UPTA | ||
| Small Farmers' Union | UPA | 1982 |
The Unión de Trabajadores por Cuenta Propia (UTCP, Union of Self-Employed Workers) is not an organism of UGT. It is a bottom-up association, formed by the farmers' union UPA and the professional and autonomous workers' union, UPTA, who united in this manner to enhance their representation inside the Union and to form a united front on factional issues where they have common interests.
| Union | Abbreviation | Founded | Left | Reason left | Membership (1981) | Membership (1994) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Federation of Agriculture and Food Processing | FTA | 2001 | 2011 | Merged into FITAG | N/A | N/A | |
| Federation of Commerce | 1974 | 1993 | Merged into FECHTJ | 6,552 | N/A | ||
| Federation of Commerce, Catering-Tourism and Games | FECHTJ | 1993 | 2014 | Merged into SMC | N/A | 51,011 | |
| Federation of Communication, Shows and Various Trades | CEOV | 1993 | Merged into FeS | 11,145 | N/A | ||
| Federation of Education Workers | FETE | 1931 | 2016 | Merged into FeSP | 1,350 | 39,093 | |
| Federation of Hospitality | 1979 | 1993 | Merged into FECHTJ | 8,179 | N/A | ||
| Federation of Industrial and Agricultural Workers | FITAG | 2011 | 2016 | Merged into FICA | N/A | N/A | |
| Federation of Light Industries | FIA | 1992 | 2011 | Merged into FITAG | N/A | 69,527 | |
| Federation of Public Services | FSP | 1982 | 2016 | Merged into FeSP | 6,888 | 133,501 | |
| Federation of Services | FeS | 1993 | 2016 | Merged into FeSMC | N/A | 59,346 | |
| Federation of Services for Mobility and Consumption | SMC | 2014 | 2016 | Merged into FeSMC | N/A | N/A | |
| Federation of Transport, Communication and Sea | TCM | 1977 | 2014 | Merged into SMC | 21,942 | 71,629 | |
| Metal and Construction | MCA | 1998 | 2016 | Merged into FICA | N/A | N/A | |
| National Federation of Agriculture | FTT | 1930 | 2001 | Merged into FTA | 11,979 | 23,728 | |
| National Federation of Banking, Credit and Savings | FEBCA | 1977 | 1983 | Merged into FEBASO | 4,523 | N/A | |
| National Federation of Banking, Savings, Insurance and Offices | FEBASO | 1983 | 1993 | Merged into FeS | N/A | N/A | |
| National Federation of Chemicals, Energy and Related Industries | FETIQUE | 1982 | 1992 | Merged into FIA | 14,560 | N/A | |
| National Federation of Construction, Wood and Related Industries | FEMCA | 1977 | 1998 | Merged into MCA | 22,701 | 37,166 | |
| National Federation of Food Processing and Tobacco | FAyT | 2001 | Merged into FTA | 10,452 | 27,511 | ||
| National Federation of Insurance, Office and Office Workers | FETSO | 1983 | Merged into FEBASO | N/A | |||
| National Federation of Metalworkers | METAL | 1930 | 1998 | Merged into MCA | 49,348 | 100,774 | |
| National Federation of Mineworkers | 1992 | Merged into FIA | 9,652 | N/A | |||
| National Federation of Textiles and Leather | 1979 | 1992 | Merged into FIA | 11,401 | N/A |