| Honorific Prefix: | Ghazi |
| Umra Khan | |
| Office: | Khan of Jandol |
| Term Start: | 1881 |
| Term End: | 11 September 1904 |
| Predecessor: | Muhammad Zaman Khan |
| Successor: | Nawabzada Shahabuddin Khan |
| Office1: | Nawab of Dir |
| Term Start1: | 1890 |
| Term End1: | 1895 |
| Predecessor1: | Muhammad Sharif Khan |
| Successor1: | Muhammad Sharif Khan |
| Death Place: | Kabul, Afghanistan |
| Resting Place: | Kabul, Afghanistan |
| Known For: | Resistance against the British Raj |
| Nickname: | The Afghan Napoleon |
Ghazi Khan Umra Khan of Jandol (c. 18601904), also called "The Afghan Napoleon",[1] [2] [3] [4] was a Pashtun chief on the north-western frontier of British India, who was chiefly responsible for the Chitral Expedition of 1895. He was the Khan of Jandol and captured the state of Dir and reigned as its Nawab from 1890 to 1895.[5] [6] Umra briefly occupied Swat, Chitral and Bajaur. He also took over Kunar and Kafiristan regions of Afghanistan.
He was the younger son of the Khan of Jandol who were a Tarkalani ruling class; but he killed his elder brother, seized the throne, and made himself a power on the frontier.
In 1894 he held undisputed sway over almost the whole of Bajour, when his restless ambition caused him to interfere in the internal affairs of Chitral. He instigated Afzal ul-Mulk, a son of Chitral's Mehtar Aman ul-Mulk, to murder his brother Nizam ul-Mulk, and then overthrew the fratricide and supported the claims of his uncle Sher Afzul to the throne. The Government of British India intervened and ordered Umra Khan to leave Chitral. When he refused, the Chitral Expedition was despatched; Umra Khan was driven into exile in Afghanistan, and died there in 1904.[7] [8] [9] [10] He is declared as The Afghan Napoleon by Winston Churchill in his book titled the Malakand Field Force. The book was written by Churchill when he visited the area as a war correspondent with British Forces.
It is also known that Umara Khan participated in the Ambela battle when he was only a few years old. The grandfather of Umara Khan participated along with three thousand mujahideen including Umara Khan in the battle.
Umara Khan became leader of the Dir state in 1881 in a very young age. He raised war against the British in 1896 and captured 120 British soldiers including officers named Edward. The captives later confirmed that they were well treated and were provided food of their choice.