| Umbugarla | |
| Also Known As: | Mbukarla |
| Region: | Northern Territory |
| Extinct: | ca. 2000; with the death of Butcher Knight |
| Familycolor: | Australian |
| Fam1: | Darwin |
| Fam2: | Umbugarlic |
| Iso3: | umr |
| Aiatsis: | N43 |
| Glotto: | umbu1235 |
| Glottorefname: | Umbugarla |
| Map: | Arnhem_Land_languages.png |
Umbugarla or Mbukarla is a possible Australian language isolate once spoken by three people in Arnhem Land, northern Australia, in 1981, and is now extinct.
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | ||
| Plosive | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Nasal | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Lateral | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |||
| Rhotic | pronounced as /link/ | |||||
| Approximant | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |||
| Front | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| High | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | |
| Mid | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Low | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Phoneme | Allophones | |
|---|---|---|
| pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ | |
| pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ | |
| pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ | |
| pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ | |
| pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ |
Umbugarla was once considered a language isolate (together with Ngurmbur as a dialect), but Mark Harvey has made a case for it being part of a family of Darwin Region languages.[2]