| Background: |
|
| Shahāb al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi | |
| Alias: | Shahabudin, Shahabuddin, Soharwardi, al-Suhrawardi, Soharwardy, Shahab ad-Din |
| Shaykh al-Islam | |
| Period: | 12th-13th century |
| Denomination: | Sunni |
| Post: | Shaykh al-Islam of the Abbasīd Caliphate |
| Death Date: | 1234 (aged c. 89) |
| Death Place: | Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate, now Iraq |
| Religion: | Islam, Sunni |
| Birth Place: | Sohrevard, Seljuk Empire, now Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province, Iran |
| Notable Works: | Awarif al-Maarif |
Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi (– 1234) was a Persian[1] [2] Sufi and nephew of Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi.He expanded the Sufi order of Suhrawardiyya that had been created by his uncle Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi, and is the person responsible for officially formalizing the order.[3] Suhrawardi is the author of the ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif, which is recognized as a masterpiece work in Tasawwuf.
Suhrawardi traced his lineage back to Abu Bakr, the first Caliph. From an early age onwards, Suhrawardi studied Islamic jurisprudence, law, logic, theology, Quranic studies and Hadith studies.[4] Suhrawardi quickly excelled in his studies and mastered, at an early age, the Shafi'i and Hanbali madhabs.[4] Suhrawardi was eventually designated as Shaykh al-Islam by Caliph al-Nasir under the Abbasids.[4]
Suhrawardi wrote the ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif (translated as "Benefits of Intimate Knowledge", or other as "The Knowledge of the Spiritually Learned").[5] [6] The ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif quickly became one of the most popular books on Sufism throughout the Muslim world. This book was allegedly translated into English by Henry Wilberforce-Clarke and published as "A Dervish Textbook" in 1891, although the Persian text which was the basis for this translation is likely to have been misattributed. It was reprinted by Octagon Press in 1980.