Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' explained

Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis'
Species:Ulmus minor
Cultivar:'Umbraculifera Gracilis'
Origin:Späth nursery, Berlin, Germany

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' was obtained as a sport of 'Umbraculifera' by the Späth nursery of Berlin c.1897.[1] [2] [3] It was marketed by the Späth nursery in the early 20th century,[4] and by the Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, in the 1930s.[5]

Description

The tree is distinguished by its long oval crown,[2] [6] but with thinner branches and smaller leaves than 'Umbraculifera'.[7] [8]

Pests and diseases

The cultivar is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Cultivation

The only known surviving specimens are in the United States and Scotland (see 'Accessions' and 'Notable trees'). Henry (1913) mentions no example at Kew,[2] though a specimen had been planted there by 1902.[9] A specimen obtained from Späth stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk,[10] in the early 20th century.[11] 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' has been included in the propagation programme (2017) of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.[12]

Notable trees

Three trees supplied by Späth to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) in 1902 as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis[13] [14] survive in Edinburgh (2019). The two oldest, planted in the Garden itself (one of which is base-grafted), were long known by an updated version of Melville's name for them, U. plotii × U. carpinifolia [15] [16] (:U. minor 'Plotii' × U. minor).[17] It is known that Melville renamed some of Späth's trees at RBGE in 1958.[18] These two were, according to one RBGE herbarium sheet, formerly called U. campestris umbraculifera,[15] the name of the parent tree (not present in RBGE) of 'Umbraculifera Gracilis'. A herbarium specimen from Amsterdam labelled U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. matches the Edinburgh trees.[19] Taken together, the evidence suggested that the three Edinburgh trees (the third, with smaller bole-girth, is on Bruntsfield Links) were the clone Späth supplied as U. campestris 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', an identification confirmed in 2016 by RBGE.[20] It is not known why Melville was permitted to disregard the trees' documented Central Asian provenance, and pronounce them hybrids of Plot Elm, a local variety of English field elm.

Synonymy

Accessions

North America

Europe

Nurseries

Europe

Notes and References

  1. https://archive.org/details/Spaeth104.1899 Späth, L., Catalogue 104 (1899–1900; Berlin), p.133
  2. Book: Elwes. Henry John. Henry John Elwes. Henry. Augustine. Augustine Henry. 1913. The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. 7. 1893.
  3. kiki.huh.harvard.edu, http://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?id=64375
  4. Book: 1902–1903. Katalog. L. Späth Baumschulenweg. Berlin, Germany. 108. 132–133.
  5. Book: Hesse. Hermann Albert. Preis- und Sortenliste. 1932. 96-97. 18 January 2018.
  6. Green . Peter Shaw . Peter Shaw Green . 1964 . Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus. Arnoldia . 24. 41–80 . 6–8 . . 16 February 2017.
  7. Book: Krüssmann, Johann Gerd. Johann Gerd Krüssmann. Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees and Shrubs. 3. 1984. 406.
  8. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. (Amsterdam specimen)
  9. https://archive.org/details/handlistoftreess00royauoft/page/614/mode/2up Hand-list of trees and shrubs, excluding Coniferae, grown in Arboretum Kew Gardens (London, 1902), p.615
  10. http://www.rystonhall.co.uk/ rystonhall.co.uk/
  11. Book: Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue . c. 1920 . 13–14.
  12. https://stories.rbge.org.uk/archives/24774 Dr Max Coleman, 'Strange fruit offer lifeline to rare elms', Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh; stories.rbge.org.uk
  13. Book: 1902. Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 45,47.
  14. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902); Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902); Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902)
  15. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera (RBGE specimen C2717); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville
  16. Cultivar name not given (RBGE specimen C2714); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville; Cultivar name not given (RBGE specimen C2714); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville
  17. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. (Amsterdam specimen)
  18. RBGE Cultivated Herbarium Accessions Book: October 1958 notes by Ronald Melville on elm specimens on Azalea Lawn
  19. Other herbarium leaf-specimens labelled U. carpinifolia Gled. cv. 'Gracilis' var. Späth, however, from Haarlem and Dahlem, appear to show a clone different from the Amsterdam specimen: Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. var. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd.; formerly named U. scabra Mill. × U. campestris var. umbraculifera and as U. umbraculifera gracilis (Haarlem specimen); Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. cv. 'Gracilis' var. Späth; formerly known as 'U. montana umbraculifera gracilis' (Dahlem Hortus specimen, 1925).
  20. Web site: List of Living Accessions: Ulmus. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 21 September 2016.
  21. Späth. F.. Einige neue und seltene gehölze der Späth'schen Baumschule. Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen gesellschaft. 1896. 5. 28. 21 December 2016.
  22. Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016
  23. Baumschulen Bauch GbR: Sortimentsliste 2016-17, accessdate: November 2, 2016

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