Ulmus minor 'Argenteo-Variegata' explained

Ulmus minor 'Argenteo-Variegata'
Species:Ulmus minor
Cultivar:'Argenteo-Variegata'
Origin:Europe

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Argenteo-Variegata' or simply 'Variegata', known in Australasia and North America as Silver Elm [1] [2] or Tartan Elm,[3] is said to have been cultivated in France from 1772. Green noted that variegated forms of Field Elm "arise frequently, and several clones may have been known under this name".[4] Dumont de Courset (1802) listed an U. campestris var. glabra variegata,[5] Loudon (1838) an U. nitens var. variegata, and Wesmael (1863) an U. campestris var. nuda microphylla variegata.[6] [7]

'Variegata' is not to be confused with the variegated English Elm cultivar, U. minor 'Atinia Variegata', which has the broader, almost orbicular leaves of the type.

Description

The tree's foliage is randomly blotched and speckled with creamy white, the colour of the leaves on the same tree ranging from almost completely cream to totally green.[8] [9] [10] In 1915 the horticulturalist E. A. Bowles described "a tall Silver Elm" at Myddleton House, his lifelong home at Bulls Cross in Enfield, Middlesex:

"In some seasons it is an absolutely silver pillar from top to toe, with more than half of every leaf pure milky white. Another year it will hardly show the variegation, and in yet another it may be spangled with minute silver specks all over the leaves, but with no large pure white markings. It turns to fine gold in some Novembers. I believe that it is in the seasons that it is greenest that it turns the finest autumn yellow. Mr. Elwes tells me that it is a very fine specimen of a variegated elm, and should have been figured for his great book[11] if he had seen it in time, and also that it is unusual in being on its own roots, whereas most of them are grafted. This one suckers up all over the lawn and in the adjacent flower beds, and reproduces all its vagaries of variegation in its offspring."[12]

Bowles' photograph and the name "Silver Elm" suggest that the Myddleton House tree was U. minor 'Variegata', rather than Variegated English Elm.

Etymology

As the blotching and margination of the foliage may appear more silver than cream, the cultivar is sometimes listed as U. minor 'Argenteo-Variegata'.[13]

Pests and diseases

The cultivar is as susceptible to Dutch elm disease as the species.

Cultivation

Henry cited Loudon's report that 'Variegata' was cultivated in Chiswick in the early 19th century.[14] The Späth nursery of Berlin supplied the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, Canada, with an U. campestris variegata argentea (1893) and an U. campestris fol. argenteis variegatis (1899), which may have been Silver Elm or Tartan Elm, as well as an U. campestris fol. argenteis marginatis (1897), possibly variegated English Elm.[15] An U. fol. argent. var. minor, a "small, silver, variegated variety", appeared in the 1902 catalogue of the Bobbink and Atkins nursery, Rutherford, New Jersey.[16] An Ulmus medio argentea variegata, "a pretty silver-variegated variety", probably Silver Elm, appeared in early 20th-century nursery catalogues in Australia.[17] Silver Elm remains in commercial cultivation in Europe, and is commonly cultivated in Australasia and North America, where a number of mature specimens survive (see under Accessions).

Notable trees

In the Netherlands, one tree, known as the Rococo Iep (:Elm) grows at Houten, next to the old church.. A group of 5 grows along a canal in Alkmaar. In Australia, several trees planted in 1897 stand in Geelong Botanic Gardens, Victoria.[18] 'Atinia Variegata' is also found among the elms lining the Avenue of Honour at Ballarat, while approximately 50 trees grow at The Nook, Sunbury. There are two mature trees in the Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens, Hobart.[19] In the United States, a specimen in Portland, Oregon, has been designated a 'Heritage Tree'.[20]

Synonymy

Accessions

North America

Europe

Australasia

Nurseries

North America

None known.

Europe

Australasia

External links

Notes and References

  1. treelogic.com.au/facts/ulmus-minor-variegata-silver-elm/
  2. flemings.com.au/ornamental_details.asp?CULT_ID=MINOR
  3. plantthis.co.nz/plant-information.asp?gardener=26019&tabview=photos&plantSpot=
  4. Green . Peter Shaw . Peter Shaw Green . 1964 . Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus. Arnoldia . 24. 41–80 . 6–8 . . 16 February 2017.
  5. Book: Dumont de Courset, George Louis Marie . 3 . 1802. Le botaniste cultivateur. 700. Paris, J.J. Fuch.
  6. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044103102810?urlappend=%3Bseq=400 Bulletin de la Fédération des sociétés d'horticulture de Belgique 1862: 390
  7. Web site: Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries.
  8. Hilliers' Manual of Trees & Shrubs. (1977). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, UK.
  9. [right-hand specimen, distinct from variegated English Elm on left]; Sheet labelled Ulmus sativa marmorata (1897)
  10. http://www.ogrodyprzydomowe.eu/rosliny/lisciaste/126-ulmus-minor-argenteovariegat-wiz-polny-argenteovariegata.html Photographs of Ulmus minor 'Variegata', www.ogrodyprzydomowe.eu
  11. Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. p.1895
  12. Book: Bowles. E. A.. My Garden in Autumn and Winter. 1915. London. 165. 20 December 2017.
  13. Photograph of foliage of U. minor 'Argenteovariegata', www.flower.onego.ru (photo 6) http://flower.onego.ru/kustar/ulmus.html
  14. Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. p.1895
  15. Book: Saunders. William. Macoun. William Tyrrell. Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm. 1899. 2. 74–75. Ottawa.
  16. Book: 1902 . Bobbink and Atkins, Rutherford. N.J.. 51.
  17. Nobelius nursery, Melbourne, 1916 catalogue
  18. Spencer, Roger, ed., Horticultural Flora of South-Eastern Australia, Vol. 2 (Sydney, 1995), p.114
  19. 'Variegated elms on Playground Lawn' (Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens, Hobart) by Natalie Tapson, flickr.com https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7022/6501567933_e78a1c47a5_b.jpg
  20. 'Heritage' Silver Elm in Portland, Oregon, portlandoregon.gov/parks/article/479576?
  21. RBGV (Melbourne) Elm list

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