| Ubon Ratchathani | |
| Native Name: | อุบลราชธานี |
| Native Name Lang: | th |
| Settlement Type: | Province |
| Nickname: | Ubon Mueang Dokbua (city of lotuses) |
| Motto: | อุบลเมืองดอกบัวงาม แม่น้ำสองสี มีปลาแซ่บหลาย หาดทรายแก่งหิน ถิ่นไทยนักปราชญ์ ทวยราษฎร์ใฝ่ธรรม งามล้ำเทียนพรรษา ผาแต้มก่อนประวัติศาสตร์ ฉลาดภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่น ดินแดนอนุสาวรีย์คนดีศรีอุบล ("Ubon, the city of beautiful lotuses. Bicoloured river. Delicious fish. Sandy beaches and rocky rapids. Home of the scholars. The people revering Dharma. Beautiful Thain Phansa festival. Prehistoric Pha Taem. Smart local knowledge. Land of the monumental, great peoples of Ubon.") |
| Mapsize: | frameless |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Thailand |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Mueang Ubon Ratchathani |
| Leader Title: | Governor |
| Leader Name: | Chonlatee Yangtrong (since October 2022)[1] |
| Area Footnotes: | [2] |
| Area Total Km2: | 15,626 |
| Area Rank: | Ranked 5th |
| Population Footnotes: | [3] |
| Population Total: | 1,869,806 |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Population Rank: | Ranked 3rd |
| Population Density Km2: | 120 |
| Population Density Rank: | Ranked 41st |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP |
| Demographics2 Footnotes: | [4] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics2 Info1: | baht 120 billion (US$4.0 billion) (2019) |
| Demographics Type1: | Human Achievement Index |
| Demographics1 Footnotes: | [5] |
| Demographics1 Title1: | HAI (2022) |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 0.6272 "somewhat low" Ranked 60th |
| Timezone1: | ICT |
| Utc Offset1: | +7 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 34xxx |
| Area Code Type: | Calling code |
| Area Code: | 045 |
| Iso Code: | TH-34 |
Ubon Ratchathani (Thai: อุบลราชธานี, in Thai pronounced as /ʔù.bōn râːt.tɕʰā.tʰāː.nīː/; อุบลราชธานี, in Lao pronounced as /ʔǔ.bōn lâːt.sā.tʰa᷇ː.ni᷇ː/), often shortened to Ubon (Thai: อุบลฯ), is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces lies in lower northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Ubon is about 630km (390miles) from Bangkok.[6] Neighboring provinces are (from west clockwise) Sisaket, Yasothon, and Amnat Charoen. To the north and east it borders Salavan and Champasak of Laos, to the south Preah Vihear of Cambodia.
At Khong Chiam the Mun River, the biggest river of the Khorat Plateau, joins the Mekong, which forms the northeastern boundary of Thailand with Laos. It is called "Maenam Song Si" or the "Mun River alluvium" because the brown water from Mekong River mixes with the blue water of the Mun. It is about 84km (52miles) from Ubon Ratchathani city centre.[7]
The area in the Dângrêk Mountains where the borders of the three countries, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia meet is promoted as the "Emerald Triangle", in contrast to the "Golden Triangle" in the north of Thailand. "Emerald" refers to the largely intact monsoon forests there. The total forest area is 2808km² or 18 percent of provincial area.[2]
The city was founded in the late 18th century by Thao Kham Phong, descendant of Phra Wo and Phra Ta, who escaped from King Siribunsan of Vientiane into Siam Kingdom during the reign of King Taksin the Great. Later Thao Kham Phong was appointed to be "Phra Pathum Wongsa" The first ruler of Ubon Ratchathani. In 1792, Ubon Ratchathani became a province, and was also the administrative center of the monthon Isan.
Until 1972, Ubon Ratchathani was the largest province of Thailand by area. Yasothon was split off from Ubon Ratchathani in 1972, followed by Amnat Charoen in 1993.
Before it became a province. Ubon Ratchathani was the administrative center of the monthon Isan, of which monthon Ubon was split off. In 1925 it became part of monthon Nakhon Ratchasima, with the abolishment of the monthon in 1933 the province became a first level subdivision of the country.
The provincial seal shows a lotus flower in a pond. This alludes to the meaning of the name of the province, which translates to 'royal city of the lotus flower'. The provincial flower is the lotus (Nymphaea lotus). The provincial tree is the Yang-na (Dipterocarpus alatus). Black-eared catfish (Pangasius larnaudii) is the provincial aquatic animal.
Ubon Ratchathani is the nation's leading rice-producing province. It earns more than 10 billion baht a year from rice sales.[8]
Ubonratchathani has many coffee cafes around the city in both downtown and in the rural area. This business runs the city lively. People tend to hang out on the weekend.
Ubon Ratchathani boasts the following national parks:
There are four national parks, along with two other national parks, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas.
There are two wildlife sanctuaries, along with four other wildlife sanctuaries, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas.
The main hospital of Ubon Ratchathani province is Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital.
See main article: Ubon Ratchathani Airport. Ubon Ratchathani is served by Ubon Ratchathani Airport.
Ubon Ratchathani Railway Station is the main railway station in Ubon Ratchathani.
Ubon Ratchathani province is the home of Ubon Ratchathani University.
The province is divided into 25 districts (amphoe). The districts are further divided into 219 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,469 villages (mubans).
| No. | City/Town | Thai | Urban Population[15] | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Ubon Ratchathani | เทศบาลนครอุบลราชธานี | 79,023 | ||
| 2. | Jaeramair | เทศบาลเมืองแจระแม | 11,092 | ||
| 3. | Kham Yai | เทศบาลตำบลขามใหญ่ | 34,538 | ||
| 4. | Warin Chamrap | เทศบาลเมืองวารินชำราบ | 28,154 | ||
| 5. | Saen Suk | เทศบาลตำบลแสนสุข | 24,720 | ||
| 6. | Det Udom | เทศบาลเมืองเดชอุดม | 14,264 | ||
| 7. | Kud Prathay | เทศบาลตำบลกุดประทาย | 13,382 | ||
| 8. | Kholaen | เทศบาลตำบลคอแลน | 12,703 | ||
| 9. | Thep Wongsa | เทศบาลตำบลเทพวงศา | 1,0968 | ||
| 10. | Phibun Mangsahan | เทศบาลเมืองพิบูลมังสาหาร | 10,842 | ||
| 11. | Pathum | เทศบาลตำบลปทุม | 10,505 | ||
| 12. | Nong Phue | เทศบาลตำบลหนองผือ | 9,685 | ||
| 13. | Trakan | เทศบาลตำบลตระการ | 9,082 | ||
| 14. | Nam Yuen | เทศบาลตำบลน้ำยืน | 9,542 | ||
| 15. | Kham Pom | เทศบาลตำบลขามป้อม | 9,209 | ||
| 16. | Nikhom Sang Ton Eng Lum Dom Noi | เทศบาลตำบลนิมคมสร้างตนเองลำโดมน้อย | 7,538 | ||
| 17. | Na Chaluay | เทศบาลตำบลนาจะหลวย | 7,470 | ||
| 18. | Buangam | เทศบาลตำบลบัวงาม | 7,086 | ||
| 19. | Na Yia | เทศบาลตำบลนาเยีย | 6,730 | ||
| 20. | Khemmaratthani | เทศบาลตำบลเขมราฐ | 6,288 | ||
| 21. | Ubon | เทศบาลตำบลอุบล | 6,101 | ||
| 22. | Khuang Nai | เทศบาลตำบลเขื่องใน | 4,751 | ||
| 23. | Buntharik | เทศบาลตำบลบุณฑริก | 4,607 | ||
| 24. | Sri Muangmai | เทศบาลตำบลศรีเมืองใหม่ | 4,284 | ||
| 25. | Kud Khaopun | เทศบาลตำบลกุดข้าวปุ้น | 4,124 | ||
| 26. | Chongmek | เทศบาลตำบลช่องเม็ก | 3,628 | ||
| 27. | Muang Sam Sip | เทศบาลตำบลม่วงสามสิบ | 3,358 | ||
| 28. | Huai Khayung | เทศบาลตำบลห้วยขะยูง | 3,346 | ||
| 29. | Ang Sila | เทศบาลตำบลอ่างศิลา | 3,304 | ||
| 30. | Tansum | เทศบาลตำบลตาลสุม | 3,267 | ||
| 31. | Na Suang | เทศบาลตำบลนาส่วง | 3,215 | ||
| 32. | Phosai | เทศบาลตำบลโพธิ์ไทร | 3,100 | ||
| 33. | ฺBaan Dan - Khong Chium | เทศบาลตำบลบ้านด่านโขงเจียม | 2,741 | ||
| 34. | Hua Na | เทศบาลตำบลหัวนา | N/A | ||
| 35. | Muag Srikai | เทศบาลตำบลเมืองศรีไค | N/A | ||
| 36. | That | เทศบาลตำบลธาตุ | N/A |
As of 26 November 2019 there are:[16] one Ubon Ratchathani Provincial Administration Organisation (Thai: ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 60 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Ubon Ratchathani has city (thesaban nakhon) status. Chaeramae, Det Udom, Phibun Mangsahan and Warin Chamrap have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 54 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 179 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations – SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[3]
| Health | Education | Employment | Income | |
| 46 | 63 | 32 | 72 | |
| Housing | Family | Transport | Participation | |
| 24 | 4 | 61 | 53 | |
| Province Ubon Ratchathani, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6272 is "somewhat low", occupies place 60 in the ranking. | ||||
| Rank | Classification | |
| 1–13 | "High" | |
| 14–29 | "Somewhat high" | |
| 30–45 | "Average" | |
| 46–61 | "Somewhat low" | |
| 62–77 | "Low" |
