UGT1A explained

UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A cluster (UGT1A) is a human gene locus which includes several UDP glucuronosyltransferases.^[1]

The UGT1A locus includes thirteen unique alternate first exons followed by four common exons. Four of the alternate first exons are considered pseudogenes. Each of the remaining nine 5' exons may be spliced to the four common exons, resulting in nine proteins with different N-termini and identical C-termini. Each first exon encodes the substrate binding site, and is regulated by its own promoter.

Further reading

• Mackenzie PI . The UDP glycosyltransferase gene superfamily: recommended nomenclature update based on evolutionary divergence . Pharmacogenetics . 7 . 4 . 255–69 . 1997 . 9295054 . 10.1097/00008571-199708000-00001 . vanc. Owens IS . Burchell B . 3 . Bock . K W . Bairoch . Amos . Belanger . Alain . Gigleux . Sylvie Fournel . Green . Mitchell . Hum . Dean W. .
• Tukey RH, Strassburg CP . Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease . Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. . 40 . 581–616 . 2000 . 10836148 . 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.40.1.581 .
• King CD, Rios GR, Green MD, Tephly TR . UDP-glucuronosyltransferases . Curr. Drug Metab. . 1 . 2 . 143–61 . 2001 . 11465080 . 10.2174/1389200003339171 .
• Ritter JK . A novel complex locus UGT1 encodes human bilirubin, phenol, and other UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isozymes with identical carboxyl termini . J. Biol. Chem. . 267 . 5 . 3257–61 . 1992 . 1339448 . vanc. Chen F . Sheen YY . 3 . Tran . HM . Kimura . S . Yeatman . MT . Owens . IS . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50724-4 . free .
• Gong QH . Thirteen UDPglucuronosyltransferase genes are encoded at the human UGT1 gene complex locus . Pharmacogenetics . 11 . 4 . 357–68 . 2001 . 11434514 . 10.1097/00008571-200106000-00011 . vanc. Cho JW . Huang T . 3 . Potter . Christine . Gholami . Nahid . Basu . Nikhil K. . Kubota . Shigeki . Carvalho . Sheryl . Pennington . Matthew W. .
• Kaplan M . Hemolysis and bilirubin conjugation in association with UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 promoter polymorphism . Hepatology . 35 . 4 . 905–11 . 2002 . 11915038 . 10.1053/jhep.2002.32526 . vanc. Hammerman C . Rubaltelli FF . 3 . Vilei . MT . Levy-Lahad . E . Renbaum . P . Vreman . HJ . Stevenson . DK . Muraca . M . 11577/2431311 . 10749512 . free .
• Peters WH, te Morsche RH, Roelofs HM . Combined polymorphisms in UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A1 and 1A6: implications for patients with Gilbert's syndrome . J. Hepatol. . 38 . 1 . 3–8 . 2003 . 12480553 . 10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00306-9 .
• Zhang T, Haws P, Wu Q . Multiple Variable First Exons: A Mechanism for Cell- and Tissue-Specific Gene Regulation . Genome Res. . 14 . 1 . 79–89 . 2004 . 14672974 . 10.1101/gr.1225204 . 314283 .
• Giuliani L . UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A expression in human urinary bladder and colon cancer by immunohistochemistry . Oncol. Rep. . 13 . 2 . 185–91 . 2005 . 15643497 . 10.3892/or.13.2.185 . vanc. Ciotti M . Stoppacciaro A . 3 . Pasquini . A . Silvestri . I . De Matteis . A . Frati . L . Aglianò . AM . 31 January 2024 .
• Mercke Odeberg J . UGT1A polymorphisms in a Swedish cohort and a human diversity panel, and the relation to bilirubin plasma levels in males and females . Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. . 62 . 10 . 829–37 . 2007 . 16909274 . 10.1007/s00228-006-0166-3 . vanc. Andrade J . Holmberg K . 3 . Hoglund . P. . Malmqvist . U. . Odeberg . J. . 30425233 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: UGT1A@ UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A cluster.