Turki I bin Abdulaziz Al Saud explained

Succession:Crown Prince of Nejd
Reign:1902–1919
Reign-Type:In office
Regent:Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman
Reg-Type:Monarch
Death Place:Riyadh, Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
Issue:Prince Faisal
Princess Hessa
Full Name:Turki I bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman
House:Al Saud
Father:Abdulaziz, Emir of Nejd (later King of Saudi Arabia)
Mother:Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair

Turki I bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (Arabic: تركي الأول بن عبد العزيز آل سعود Turkī al ʾAwwal bin ʿAbdulʿazīz Āl Suʿūd; 1896–1919) was the eldest son of the Emir of Nejd (later King Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia) and his second wife, Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair. He was his father's heir apparent from 1902 to 1919. Turki accompanied his father during the conquest of the Arabian Peninsula at a young age and witnessed battles in Kuwait and Al Hasa. He died in the 1918–19 flu pandemic, which also killed many others in the region. His younger brother Saud replaced him as heir apparent.

Early life

Turki was the eldest son of Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman.[1] [2] His mother was Wadha bint Muhammad Al Orair, Abdulaziz's second wife.[3] [4] [5] She was the daughter of the chief of the Bani Khalid tribe, who ruled Al Hasa.[2] Abdulaziz and Wadha married in 1896.[6] Turki was born in Kuwait City in 1900 when his family was in exile there.[7]

Turki was the full-brother of the future King Saud.[8] His full sisters included Munira and Noura.[5] [9]

Activities and succession

Turki was crown prince beginning by his father's conquest of Riyadh on 15 January 1902 up to his death in 1919. He was the deputy of his father as commander-in-chief of the army until his death.[10] He commanded an army of 4000 warriors based in Qassim region.[11] [12] He fought against Al Rashid forces and attempted to eliminate the leakage of supplies from the tribes to them.[13] In 1918, on the orders of his father, Turki initiated an attack against Al Rashid forces, known as the battle of Yatab, in which the Al Saud forces gained a victory.[13] When the British government invited Abdulaziz to visit London, he assigned Turki as his envoy.[14] However, Turki died in 1919, and Abdulaziz named another of his sons, Faisal, as envoy.[14]

Personal life

Turki's first wife Noweir bint Obaid Al Rasheed gave birth to his son Faisal bin Turki in 1918, a few years before Turki's death.[11] [15] After the death of Turki, Princess Noweir married Turki's brother Saud, and they had a daughter, Al Anoud bint Saud. Turki also had a daughter with his other wife Tarfa Al Muhanna, Hessa bint Turki, who was the wife of Abdulaziz bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz. Princess Tarfa and Prince Abdulaziz had two sons, Faisal and Turki.[16] Princess Hessa died in Riyadh at the age of 91 on 19 August 2007 and was buried in Al Oud cemetery.[17]

Two grandsons of Turki, the children of his son Faisal, served on the Allegiance Council: Turki bin Faisal,[18] (until his death on 28 February 2009)[19] and Abdullah bin Faisal (until his death in February 2019).[20]

Death

Prince Turki died in Riyadh in late 1919 during the flu pandemic that killed many others in the region.[11] [21] [22] American doctors went to Riyadh to treat him upon the request of his father, but their attempts did not save Turki.[23] Abdulaziz was said to be deeply saddened by his death.[24]

Notes and References

  1. Book: James Wynbrandt. A Brief History of Saudi Arabia. 2010. Facts on File. 978-0-8160-7876-9. 184. 2nd. New York.
  2. Book: George Kheirallah. Arabia Reborn. 1952. University of New Mexico Press. Albuquerque, NM. 254. 9781258502010.
  3. Henri Lauzière. On the Origins of Arab Monarchy: Political Culture, Historiography, and the Emergence of the Modern Kingdoms in Morocco and Saudi Arabia. Simon Fraser University. MA. 66. 9780612513877. 2000.
  4. Web site: تحقيق سلسة نسب والدة الملك سعود بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود. March 2011. 27 April 2013. ar. The achievements of the mother of King Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. 14 May 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140514060002/http://www.kingsaud.net/art/news/147/ARTICLE/1332/2011-10-03.html.
  5. Web site: Ibn Saud marries for a second time. Information Source. 3 April 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130408063216/http://www.ibnsaud.info/main/1015.htm. 8 April 2013.
  6. Web site: Appendix A Chronology of the Life of Ibn Saud. Springer. 197.
  7. Book: Bernard Reich. Political leaders of the contemporary Middle East and North Africa: A biographical dictionary. 1990. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-313-26213-5. 16. New York; Westport, CT; London.
  8. Gary Samuel Samore. Royal Family Politics in Saudi Arabia (1953-1982). Harvard University. 528. 1984. . PhD.
  9. Mai Yamani. Mai Yamani. From fragility to stability: A survival strategy for the Saudi monarchy. Contemporary Arab Affairs. January–March 2009. 2. 1. 90–105. 10.1080/17550910802576114.
  10. Web site: Ibn Saud's eldest son, Prince Turki, dies in influenza epidemic. Information Source. 11 April 2013. dead. 1 February 2015. dmy-all. https://web.archive.org/web/20150201143453/http://www.ibnsaud.info/main/3073.htm.
  11. Alexander Blay Bligh. 44–45. Succession to the throne in Saudi Arabia. Court Politics in the Twentieth Century. . PhD. 1981. Columbia University.
  12. Christoph Baumer. Lt Col Hamilton's 1917 Political Mission to Emir Abd Al Aziz Al Saud of Najd. Asian Affairs. 2021. 52. 11. 232245475. 10.1080/03068374.2021.1878737.
  13. Khalid Abdullah Krairi. John Philby and his political roles in the Arabian Peninsula, 1917-1953. University of Birmingham. PhD. October 2016. 256,286–288.
  14. Hassan Abedin. Abdulaziz Al Saud and the great game in Arabia, 1896-1946. King's College. PhD. 2003. 146.
  15. George T. Fitzgerald. Government administration in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. California State University, San Bernardino. 1983. MA.
  16. Web site: تركي بن عبدالعزيز) 1318-1337 هـ)- 1900-1919 م). King Saud Official website. 21 September 2013. 9 July 2017. ar. https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203021/http://www.kingsaud.net/art/inside/brown/index11.html. dead.
  17. News: Princess Hissah bint Turki dies. 13 April 2013. Sauress. 19 August 2007.
  18. Web site: King Abdullah names members of the Allegiance Commission. Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia Washington D.C.. https://web.archive.org/web/20120601061618/http://saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news12100801.aspx. 1 June 2012. 6 April 2012. dead.
  19. Web site: Political reforms and the succession dilemma in Saudi Arabia. 6 April 2012. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130922154950/http://www.relooney.info/SI_Milken-Arabia/0-Important_31.pdf. 22 September 2013. dmy-all.
  20. Web site: Saudi succession developments. Foreign Reports Inc.. 25 April 2012. 28 October 2011.
  21. Book: Mark Weston. Prophets and Princes: Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the Present. 2008. John Wiley & Sons. 978-0-470-18257-4. 129. Hoboken, NJ.
  22. Book: Jennifer Reed. The Saudi Royal Family. 2009. Chelsea House. 978-1-4381-0476-8. 30. New York.
  23. G. D. Van Peursem. Guests of King Ibn Saud . The Muslim World. April 1936. 26. 2. 113. 10.1111/j.1478-1913.1936.tb00862.x.
  24. Web site: الملك سعود بن عبد العزيز. King Saud website. https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203021/http://www.kingsaud.net/art/inside/brown/index11.html. 27 April 2013. 9 July 2017. dead. ar.

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