Turbomeca Turmo Explained

The Turbomeca Turmo is a family of French turboshaft engines manufactured for helicopter use. Developed from the earlier Turbomeca Artouste, later versions delivered up to . A turboprop version was developed for use with the Bréguet 941 transport aircraft.

Current versions are built in partnership with Rolls-Royce, and the engine is produced under licence by the Chinese Changzhou Lan Xiang Machinery Works as the WZ-6 and Romanian Turbomecanica, Bucharest, as the Turmo IV-CA.

Design and development

The Turmo was initially developed with a single-stage centrifugal compressor, annular combustion chamber and single stage turbine. Power output was from a single-stage free power turbine and was initially .[1]

During early post-war helicopter development, the use of cold and hot rotor tip-jets was widely investigated. To provide large mass-flow air for efficient operation of the tip-jets, Turbomeca developed a gas turbine driven gas producer, powered by the free power-turbine of the Turmo to deliver the required gas flow.[1]

Variants

Data from:-Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1957–58[1]

Turmo I: The initial version of the Turmo; max continuous gearbox output at 3,000 rpm, at 33,750 rpm gas generator speed.
  • Turmo II:Developed version of the Turmo I; max continuous gearbox output at 34,000 rpm gas generator speed.
  • Turmo III:With 2-stage free power-turbine, pressure ratio 5.7:1 ;Maximum shaft output, max continuous at 33,400 rpm
  • Turmo IIIB:
  • Turmo IIIC:A 1200abbr=onNaNabbr=on turboshaft powering the Sud-Aviation Frelon prototypes.
  • Turmo IIIC2: Developed from the IIIC delivering 1300abbr=onNaNabbr=on maximum output
  • Turmo IIIC3: Maximum rating 1500abbr=onNaNabbr=on at 33,500 rpm for production Super Frelon helicopters
  • Turmo IIIC4: Military variant.
  • Turmo IIIC5:
  • Turmo IIIC6:
  • Turmo IIIC7:
  • Turmo IIID:Turboprop for the proposed Breguet Br 942 STOL transport, maximum rating 1225abbr=onNaNabbr=on.
  • Turmo IIID2:1335abbr=onNaNabbr=on at 22,460 free turbine rpm
  • Turmo IIID3:1450abbr=onNaNabbr=on at 33,500 rpm
  • Turmo IVB: Military Variant
  • Turmo IVC: Civil Variant
  • Turmo IV-CA:Licence production in Romania
  • Turmo VI:Turboprop engine with two axial stages, one centrifugal compressor stage and two free power turbine stages, rated at 1800abbr=onNaNabbr=on at 32,000 rpm.
  • WZ-6:Licence production at the Changzhou Lan Xiang Machinery Works in the People's Republic of China.
  • Applications

    Turboshaft
    Turboprop
    Automobile

    Further reading

    External links

    Notes and References

    1. Book: Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1957–58 . Bridgman . Leonard . 1957 . Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd . London.