Tumsoy-Lam (mountain) explained

Tumsoy-Lam
Elevation M:2072
Map:Russia Chechnya#Russia
Country:Russia
Region:Chechnya

Tumsoy-Lam mountain[1] [2] [3] [4], also known as Alpiyskoye,[5] [6] [7] is a mountain peak located in the Argun Gorge on the border of the Shatoysky and Itum-Kalinsky districts of the Chechen Republic. It is situated in the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus, between the Martan and Argun rivers,[8] with the elevation of 2072 metres, according to other sources - 2074 metres, 1855 metres.[9] The mountain extends for 10 versts to the west-northwest.[10] Tumsoy-Lam (Tumsoy Mountain) is the ancestral mountain of the Chechen Tumsoy Teip.

Geographical description

The mountain is located on the opposite side of the main gorge on the plateau, with gentle slopes descending to the north from the Tumsoy-Lam ridge to the east. Its length along the ridge is 11 kilometres,[11] stretching from the sources of the Martan River to the Argun. It rises above several villages, including Borzoy, Tumsoy, Enisty, Khurikoi, and Baskha.

The Caucasus Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society makes reference to the mountain:[12]

History

In 1944, the Chechens and Ingush were deported and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was liquidated. As a result, the Tumsoy-Lam mountain was renamed Alpiyskoye Mountain.

On 3 August 1873, the Russian naturalist, statistician, and ethnographer Nikolay Zeidlitz passed through the Tumsoy-Lam mountain. The village of Tumsoy and the Tumsoy-Lam mountain are recorded in Pagirev's index. The mountain is marked as Tumsoy-Lam in the news of the Caucasian department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society for 1873.[13]

A dwelling tower is situated at the base of Tumsoy-Lam mountain, on the steep bank of the Tumsoy-Akhk River. The tower occupies a naturally fortified cape formed by the flow of the river and neighbouring girders.[14] Belonging to the Tumsoy Teip, the Tumsoy tower is approximately 5 metres in height and was likely constructed in the 16th century.

The Vatan-Kort burial ground is located on the eastern spur of the Tumsoy-Lam mountain. At its summit, which is 1.5 km south of the village of Tumsoy and above a multi-metre chasm to the Argun River, there are stone boxes used for burials. Unfortunately, the burial ground is being destroyed by both nature and local residents. In 1964, historians V.B. Vinogradov and M.X. Oshaev opened one of the stone boxes. The burial site appears to be identical to the Borzoy site and is dated to the 13th-15th centuries. It is likely that it belongs to the same tribe as the Borzoy site, based on the ritual and inventory.

The Vatan-Kort settlement's remains can be found in the vicinity of the burial ground, and partly within its borders. Its dwellings seem to have been a preferred type of saklia, featuring a flat roof supported by a rock. Ceramic discoveries reveal late types of pottery that are similar to modern ones. However, the settlement's exact date cannot be determined, as the knowledgeable local inhabitants are unable to provide an accurate time frame. The site was surveyed in 1964 by V.B. Vinogradov and M.X. Oshaev, and it is believed to date back to the 17th-18th centuries.In 2019, Chechnya hosted a festival called 'Tumsoy - Lam 2019'.[15]

Legend

Khalid Oshayev's record of the legend of Seska Solsa mentions the Tumsoy-Lam mountain:

References

  1. RKKA map of southern Russia - 2 km, 1941
  2. Кавказ: географические названия и объекты: алфавитный указатель к пятиверстной карте Кавказского края. Издательство М. и В. Котляровых, 2007— p. 334
  3. Головлёв . А.А. . 2007 . Геолого-геоморфологические особенности территории Горной Чечни . КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ Самарская Лука . ru . 16 . 19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220120174057/https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geologo-geomorfologicheskie-osobennosti-territorii-gornoy-chechni . 2022-01-20.
  4. Web site: Археологические памятники Чечено-Ингушетии [Текст . 2021-06-24 . books.google.com. 1979 .

    [collection of articles] / Чеч.-Инг. ин-т истории, социологии и филологии; [edited by М.Б. Мужухоев (editor-in-chief) and others]. — Grozny: [n/a], 1979. — 152 p.

  5. Web site: Альпийское . Register of names of geographical objects on the territory of the Chechen Republic..
  6. Web site: Топографическая карта Чеченской Республики . 2022-02-03 . etomesto.com.
  7. Web site: О ВНЕСЕНИИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ В НЕКОТОРЫЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНЫЕ АКТЫ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ . https://web.archive.org/web/20220203080358/http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&prevDoc=139007948&backlink=1&&nd=139009102 . 2022-02-03 . 2022-02-03 . pravo.gov.ru . ru.
  8. Web site: 2019-10-28 . Большое собрание тейпа Тумсой в с. Борзой . 2019-11-27 . ГТРК «Вайнах».
  9. Web site: Гора (вершина): Тумсой-Лам . 2021-06-24 . budetinteresno.info . ru.
  10. Book: Мурдалов, М. . Кавказская Швейцария Chechnya . 2018 . 978-5-4490-4198-2 . Мурдалов.
  11. Web site: 2020-01-07 . ЧЕЧНЯ. Тумсой-Лам . https://web.archive.org/web/20200110212739/http://www.checheninfo.ru/233634-tumsoj-lam.html . 2020-01-10 . 2020-01-09 . checheninfo.ru . ru.
  12. Известия Кавказского отдела Императорского Русского географического общества. Vol. 17. 1904, p. 68
  13. Web site: 2020-09-28 . Библиотека Русского географического общества: Известия Кавказского отдела Русского географического общества. 1873. Vol. 2. № 1-5 . 2024-03-09 . web.archive.org.
  14. Web site: 2019 . КОМИТЕТ ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВА ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ПО ОХРАНЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЮ КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫ Т1АЬХЬАЛО 1АЛАШЪЯРАН А, ПАЙДАЭЦАРАН А. НОХЧИЙН РЕСПУБЛИКИН ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВОН КОМИТЕТ. г. Грозный 2019 г. . https://web.archive.org/web/20200707155227/http://naslediechr.ru/upload/iblock/0c5/0c5aba92f7b526e6b860081e5a4a3d5f.pdf . 2020-07-07 . 2019-11-27 . ru.
  15. Web site: 2019-07-04 . В Аргунском ущелье Чеченской республики прошла дискуссионная площадка . https://web.archive.org/web/20190706210514/http://migrantocenter.ru/2019/07/04/%D0%B2-%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC-%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5-%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9-%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB/ . 2019-07-06 . 2019-11-27 . Гучигов Сайпуддин . ru.

Bibliography

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