| Tug Fork | |
| Map: | Bigsandyrivermap.png |
| Map Size: | 300 |
| Pushpin Map Size: | 300 |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | United States |
| Subdivision Type2: | State |
| Subdivision Name2: | Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia |
| Subdivision Type3: | Counties |
| Subdivision Name3: | McDowell WV, Buchanan VA, Pike KY, Mingo WV, Martin KY, Lawrence KY, Wayne WV |
| Length: | 159miles |
| Discharge1 Location: | Kermit, West Virginia[1] |
| Discharge1 Min: | 14cuft/s |
| Discharge1 Avg: | 1457cuft/s |
| Discharge1 Max: | 35400cuft/s |
| Source1: | Big Stone Ridge |
| Source1 Location: | McDowell County, West Virginia |
| Source1 Coordinates: | 37.2772°N -81.435°W[2] |
| Source1 Elevation: | 2604feet[3] |
| Mouth: | Big Sandy River |
| Mouth Location: | Louisa, Kentucky |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 38.1181°N -82.6017°W |
| Mouth Elevation: | 545feet |
| Tributaries Left: | Big Creek, Dry Fork, Panther Creek, Peter Creek, Pond Creek, Turkey Creek |
| Tributaries Right: | Elkhorn Creek, Mate Creek, Pigeon Creek, Marrowbone Creek, Jennie Creek |
The Tug Fork is a tributary of the Big Sandy River, long,[4] in southwestern West Virginia, southwestern Virginia, and eastern Kentucky in the United States. Via the Big Sandy and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.
It is also known as the Tug Fork River or as the Tug River. The United States Board on Geographic Names settled on "Tug Fork" as the stream's official name in 1975.[2]
The Tug Fork rises in the Appalachian Mountains of extreme southwestern West Virginia, in southern McDowell County, near the Virginia state line. It flows in a meandering course through the mountains generally northwest, past Welch. Approximately northwest of Welch, it briefly forms approximately 4miles of the state line between West Virginia (northeast) and Virginia (southwest). For the remainder of its course it forms part of the boundary between West Virginia (east) and Kentucky (west), flowing northwest past Williamson, West Virginia. It joins the Levisa Fork at Louisa, Kentucky to form the Big Sandy.
The river flows through an especially remote mountainous region in its upper course. The river valley between Pike County, Kentucky and Mingo County, West Virginia was the scene of the infamous Hatfield–McCoy feud in the late 19th century.
Toponymist George R. Stewart writes about the origin of the name "Tug Fork". In 1756 a small army of Virginians and Cherokees conducted the Sandy Creek Expedition against the Shawnee. At one point they killed and ate two buffaloes and hung their hides on a tree. Later they returned and, being out of provisions, took the hides and cut them into thin strips called "tugs". These they roasted and ate.[5] For this reason, the story goes, the stream was given the name "Tug." Stewart also points out another possible origin. Even if the story is true, the second explanation may have reinforced the name. In the Cherokee language "tugulu" refers to the forks of a stream, as in the Tugaloo River and other streams in former Cherokee lands named "tug".[6] [7]