| Tsuruyo Kondo | |
| Native Name: | 近藤鶴代 |
| Native Name Lang: | ja |
| Office: | Science and Technology Agency |
| Term Start: | 1962 |
| Term End: | 1963 |
| Primeminister: | Hayato Ikeda |
| Constituency: | Okayama Prefecture |
| Birth Date: | November 16, 1901 |
| Birth Place: | Niimi, Okayama Prefecture, Japan |
| Death Date: | August 9, 1970 |
| Nationality: | Japanese |
| Party: | Liberal Democratic Party |
| Alma Mater: | Japan Women's University |
Tsuruyo Kondo (November 16, 1901 – August 9, 1970) was a Japanese politician.
Kondo was born in Niimi, Okayama prefecture on November 16, 1901.[1] In 1924 she graduated from the Japan Women's University and began working at two schools in Okayama, the Sanyo Koto Jogakko and the Okayama-ken Daiichi Okayama Koto Jogakko.[2] She taught manners and home economics.
After World War II, Kondo's brother, a politician affiliated with the Japan Progressive Party named Kotani Setsuo, was purged in 1946. This purge prevented him from running for office. Kondo ran in his stead without a party to represent Okayama prefecture in the House of Representatives. She was one of the first female politicians in post-war Japan.[3] After she was elected, she became a member of the Liberal Party, then the Democratic Liberal Party, and then the Freedom Party. In 1948, she was selected to become the Parliamentary Vice-Minister in Shigeru Yoshida's cabinet.
Kondo was elected four times, until she lost the 1953 and 1955 elections. She returned to politics when she was elected to the House of Councillors in 1956, representing Okayama prefecture.[4] Kondo aligned herself with Banboku Ōno's faction within the Liberal Democratic Party. After she was re-elected in 1962, Kondo was offered a position in Hayato Ikeda's cabinet as the chairwoman of the Japanese Atomic Energy Commission and the director of the .[5] After Masa Nakayama, Kondo was the second woman ever appointed to the Japanese cabinet.
Kondo retired from politics in 1968. She died in 1970 at the age of 68.
| Predecessor： | Minister of Foreign Affairs, House of Councillors 1961-1962 | Successor： Seiichi Inoue | |
| Political offices | |||
| Predecessor： Takeo Miki | Minister of State, Head of Science and Technology Agency 1962-1963 | Successor: Eisaku Sato | |
| Predecessor： Takeo Miki | Minister of State, Head of the Japanese Atomic Energy Commission 1962-1963 | Successor: Eisaku Sato | |