Saigō Jūdō Explained

Honorific Prefix:Marshal-Admiral Marquess
Saigō Jūdō
西郷 従道
Other Name:Saigō Tsugumichi
Nickname:Shingō
Order:Minister of the Imperial Navy
Empire of Japan
Monarch1:Meiji
Primeminister1:
Term Start1:22 December 1885
Term End1:17 May 1890
Predecessor1:Kabayama Sukenori
Successor1:Kabayama Sukenori
Term Start2:11 March 1893
Term End2:8 November 1898
Primeminister2:
Predecessor2:Nire Kagenori
Successor2:Yamamoto Gonnohyōe
Birth Date:1 June 1843
Death Date: [1]
Birth Place:Kagoshima, Satsuma, Japan
Death Place:Tokyo, Empire of Japan
Resting Place:Tama Cemetery, Fuchū, Tokyo.
Serviceyears:1869–1902
Rank: Lieutenant General (1869-1894) Admiral (1894–1898) Marshal Admiral (1898–1902)
Spouse:Saigō Kiyoko
Children:7 sons, 4 daughters

(1 June 1843 – 18 July 1902) was a Japanese politician and admiral in the Meiji period.[2]

Biography

Early life

Saigō was born in Shimokajiyachō, Kagoshima, the son of the samurai Saigō Kichibe of the Satsuma Domain. His siblings included his famous older brother, samurai and nobleman Saigō Takamori. Saigō changed his name many times throughout his life. Besides the two listed above, he sometimes went by the nickname "Shingō". His real name was either "Ryūkō", or "Ryūdō" (隆興). It is possible that he went by the name "Ryūsuke".

Following the Meiji Restoration, Saigō went to a government office to register his name. He intended to register orally under his given name (Ryūkō or Ryūdō). However, the civil servant misheard his name and he therefore became under the law. He did not particularly mind, so he never bothered to change it back. The name "Tsugumichi" arose as an alternate pronunciation for the characters of his name.

At the recommendation of Arimura Shunsai, he became a tea-serving Buddhist monk for the daimyō of Satsuma, Shimazu Nariakira. After he returned to secular life, he became one of a group of devoted followers of Arimura. As a Satsuma samurai, he participated in the Anglo-Satsuma War. He later joined the movement to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate.[2]

He was a commander of the Satsuma army fighting in the Battle of Toba–Fushimi as well as other battles on the imperial side of the Boshin War.

Imperial Japanese Army

In 1869, two years after the establishment of the Meiji government, Saigō went to Europe with General Yamagata Aritomo to study European military organizations, tactics and technologies. After his return to Japan, he was appointed a lieutenant-general in the new Imperial Japanese Army. He commanded Japanese expeditionary forces in the Taiwan Expedition of 1874.[2]

In 1873, his brother Saigō Takamori resigned from the government, over the rejection of his proposal to invade Korea during the Seikanron debate. Many other officials from the Satsuma region followed suit. However, Saigō Jūdō continued to remain loyal to the Meiji government. Upon the death of his brother in the Satsuma Rebellion, Saigō Jūdō became the primary political leader from Satsuma. In accord with the kazoku peerage system enacted in 1884, he received the title of count (hakushaku).[1]

Government official

Saigō held a string of important positions in the Itō Hirobumi cabinet, including Navy Minister (1885, 1892–1902).[2]

As Minister of Internal Affairs, Saigō pushed strongly for the death penalty for Tsuda Sanzō, the accused in the Ōtsu incident of 1891, and threatened Kojima Korekata should the sentence be more lenient.

In 1892, he was appointed to the Privy Council as one of the genrō. In the same year, he founded a political party known as .[2]

In 1894, Saigō was given the rank of admiral, in recognition of his role as Navy minister, and his peerage title was elevated to that of marquis.[1]

In 1898, the Imperial Japanese Navy bestowed upon him the honorary title of Marshal-Admiral. The rank is equivalent to Admiral of the Fleet or Grand Admiral.

Personal life

Saigō’s former residence (once in Meguro, Tokyo) is registered as an Important Cultural Property by the Japanese government and is now at the Meiji-mura historical park outside of Inuyama, Aichi Prefecture. Saigō also owned a cottage in Yanagihara (present-day Numazu), Shizuoka Prefecture. Saigō Jūdō was the first person in Japan to own a race horse.Gensui the Marquis Saigō died in 1902 and was buried in the Tama Cemetery in Fuchū in Tokyo.

Honours

National honours

Ancestry

[3]

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Nishida, Hiroshi . Deck officers, in the cradle era . https://archive.today/20121204191935/http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/px00.htm#f003 . dead. 2011-07-14 . 2012-12-04 .
  2. Encyclopedia: Roth. K. . Louis Frédéric . Louis Frédéric . Japan Encyclopedia . 2005. Belknap . Cambridge, MA. 9780674017535 . 806 . Saigō Tsugumichi.
  3. Web site: 西郷氏(隆盛系). Reichsarchiv. ja. ja:Saigō-shi (Takamori-kei). Saigo clan (Takamori's family). 2019-01-05.