Tropomodulin 4 Explained

Tropomodulin 4 (muscle) also known as TMOD4 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TMOD4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This gene encodes a muscle-specific member of the tropomodulin family of actin-regulatory proteins. The encoded protein caps the pointed end of actin filaments preventing both elongation and depolymerization. The capping activity of this protein is dependent on its association with tropomyosin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.^[3]

Further reading

• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2002 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Cox PR, Siddique T, Zoghbi HY . Genomic organization of Tropomodulins 2 and 4 and unusual intergenic and intraexonic splicing of YL-1 and Tropomodulin 4. . BMC Genomics . 2 . 7 . 2001 . 11716785 . 10.1186/1471-2164-2-7. 59888 . free .
• McElhinny AS, Kolmerer B, Fowler VM, etal . The N-terminal end of nebulin interacts with tropomodulin at the pointed ends of the thin filaments. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 1 . 583–92 . 2001 . 11016930 . 10.1074/jbc.M005693200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Cox PR, Zoghbi HY . Huda Zoghbi. Sequencing, expression analysis, and mapping of three unique human tropomodulin genes and their mouse orthologs . Genomics . 63 . 1 . 97–107 . January 2000 . 10662549 . 10.1006/geno.1999.6061 .
2. Almenar-Queralt A, Lee A, Conley CA, Ribas de Pouplana L, Fowler VM . Identification of a novel tropomodulin isoform, skeletal tropomodulin, that caps actin filament pointed ends in fast skeletal muscle . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 40 . 28466–75 . October 1999 . 10497209 . 10.1074/jbc.274.40.28466. free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: TMOD4, Tropomodulin 4 (muscle).