During 1991, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 100 systems formed with 75 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Typhoon Yuri, which was estimated to have a minimum barometric pressure of 895hPa. The deadliest tropical cyclone was Cyclone BOB 01, which caused 138,866 fatalities in Bangladesh, Northeastern India, Myanmar, Yunnan, while the costliest was Typhoon Mireille, which caused an estimated $10 billion USD in damage after striking Japan. Four Category 5 tropical cyclones formed in 1991.
Tropical cyclone activity in each basin is under the authority of an RSMC. The National Hurricane Center (NHC) is responsible for tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic and East Pacific. The Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) is responsible for tropical cyclones in the Central Pacific. Both the NHC and CPHC are subdivisions of the National Weather Service. Activity in the West Pacific is monitored by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Systems in the North Indian Ocean are monitored by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The Météo-France located in Réunion (MFR) monitors tropical activity in the South-West Indian Ocean. The Australian region is monitored by five TCWCs that are under the coordination of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM). Similarly, the South Pacific is monitored by both the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) and the Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited. Other, unofficial agencies that provide additional guidance in tropical cyclone monitoring include the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC).
Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270
AlignBars = earlyDateFormat = dd/mm/yyyyPeriod = from:25/12/1990 till:10/01/1992TimeAxis = orientation:horizontalScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/01/1991
Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:NATL value:blue legend: North_Atlantic_Ocean id:EPAC/CPAC value:green legend: East_and_Central_Pacific_Ocean id:WPAC value:red legend: West_Pacific_Ocean id:NIO value:orange legend: North_Indian_Ocean id:SWIO value:purple legend: Southwest_Indian_Ocean id:SPAC value:yellow legend: South_Pacific_Ocean id:AUSR value:pink legend: Australian_Region id:SATL value:black legend: South_Atlantic_Ocean id:MED value:gray(0.99) legend: Mediterranean_SeaBackgroundcolors = canvas:canvas
BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month
PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:11 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:08/01/1991 till:18/01/1991 color:SWIO text:"Alison" from:17/01/1991 till:20/01/1991 color:NIO text:"01A" from:18/01/1991 till:04/02/1991 color:SWIO text:"Bella" from:15/02/1991 till:21/02/1991 color:AUSR text:"Chris" from:16/02/1991 till:19/02/1991 color:SWIO text:"Cynthia" from:21/02/1991 till:28/02/1991 color:AUSR text:"Daphne" from:24/02/1991 till:05/03/1991 color:AUSR text:"Kelvin" from:26/02/1991 till:05/03/1991 color:AUSR text:"Elma"
from:05/03/1991 till:16/03/1991 color:WPAC text:"Sharon" from:20/03/1991 till:27/03/1991 color:WPAC text:"Tim" from:10/04/1991 till:14/04/1991 color:SATL text:"Unnamed" from:07/05/1991 till:11/05/1991 color:AUSR text: barset:break barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip barset:skip from:11/05/1991 till:13/05/1991 color:SPAC text:"Lisa" from:05/06/1991 till:16/06/1991 color:SWIO text:"Gritelle" from:02/07/1991 till:05/07/1991 color:NATL text:"Ana" from:05/07/1991 till:06/07/1991 color:NATL text:"Two" from:16/08/1991 till:20/08/1991 color:NATL text:"Bob" from:24/08/1991 till:26/08/1991 color:NATL text:"Four" from:28/08/1991 till:31/08/1991 color:NATL text:"Five" from:04/09/1991 till:14/09/1991 color:NATL text:"Claudette" barset:break from:07/09/1991 till:11/09/1991 color:NATL text:"Danny" from:08/09/1991 till:12/09/1991 color:NATL text:"Erika" from:10/09/1991 till:13/09/1991 color:SWIO text:"01S" from:14/10/1991 till:22/10/1991 color:SWIO text:"A2" from:15/10/1991 till:17/10/1991 color:NATL text:"Fabian" from:16/10/1991 till:22/10/1991 color:SWIO text:"A3" from:24/10/1991 till:25/10/1991 color:NATL text:"Ten" from:26/10/1991 till:29/10/1991 color:NATL text:"Grace" from:31/10/1991 till:02/11/1991 color:NATL text:"Unnamed" from:09/11/1991 till:16/11/1991 color:NIO text:"BOB 08" from:12/11/1991 till:21/11/1991 color:SPAC text:"Tia" from:21/11/1991 till:29/11/1991 color:SWIO text:"A4" from:02/12/1991 till:10/12/1991 color:AUSR text:"Graham" from:04/12/1991 till:17/12/1991 color:SPAC text:"Val" from:04/12/1991 till:18/12/1991 color:SPAC text:"Wasa-Arthur" from:18/12/1991 till:29/12/1991 color:SWIO text:"Alexandra" from:25/12/1991 till:10/01/1992 color:SWIO text:"Bryna" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:25/12/1990 till:31/12/1990 text:Dec. '90 from:01/01/1991 till:31/01/1991 text:January from:01/02/1991 till:28/02/1991 text:February from:01/03/1991 till:31/03/1991 text:March from:01/04/1991 till:30/04/1991 text:April from:01/05/1991 till:31/05/1991 text:May from:01/06/1991 till:30/06/1991 text:June from:01/07/1991 till:31/07/1991 text:July from:01/08/1991 till:31/08/1991 text:August from:01/09/1991 till:30/09/1991 text:September from:01/10/1991 till:31/10/1991 text:October from:01/11/1991 till:30/11/1991 text:November from:01/12/1991 till:31/12/1991 text:December from:01/01/1992 till:10/01/1992 text:Jan. '92TextData = pos:(690,30) text:"This table is based on the" pos:(810,30) text:"tropical cyclone basins"
January was the least active in terms of tropical cyclogenesis and named storms, with only three cyclones forming, two being named. Tropical Cyclone Bella caused flooding in Rodrigues.
| + Tropical cyclones formed in January 1991 | Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alison | January 8 – 18 | 110 (70) | 966 | None | None | None | ||
| 01A | January 14 – 20 | 65 (40) | 997 | None | None | None | ||
| Bella | January 18 – February 4 | 155 (100) | 936 | Rodrigues | None | None | ||
| + Tropical cyclones formed in July 1991 | Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ana | 2–5 July | 85 (50) | 1000 | Florida, Bahamas, South Carolina | Minimal | None | ||
| Two | 5–7 July | 55 (35) | 1007 | Mexico | Minimal | None |
| + Tropical cyclones formed in August 1991 | Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) | Pressure (hPa) | Areas affected | Damage (USD) | Deaths | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bob | August 16–20 | 185 (115) | 950 | North Carolina, Mid-Atlantic, New England, Atlantic Canada, Iberian Peninsula | $1.47 billion | 17 | ||
| Four | August 24–26 | 55 (35) | 1007 | None | None | None | ||
| Five | August 28–31 | 55 (35) | 1007 | None | None | None |
1 Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 1991 are counted in the seasonal totals.
2 Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 1991 are counted in the seasonal totals.
3 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
4 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
5The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France which uses gust winds.
Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers
Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers