Trochozoa Explained

The Trochozoa are a proposed Lophotrochozoa clade that is a sister clade of Bryozoa and Platyzoa. The clade would include animals in five phyla: the Nemertea, the Annelida, the Mollusca, and the two Brachiozoan phyla, Brachiopoda and Phoronida.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] Both annelids[8] and molluscs[9] have been suggested as the sister group of Brachiozoa. It has also been proposed that nemerteans are actually a clade of annelids.[10]

Notes and References

  1. Paps. Jordi. Baguñà. Jaume. Riutort. Marta. 2009-10-01. Bilaterian Phylogeny: A Broad Sampling of 13 Nuclear Genes Provides a New Lophotrochozoa Phylogeny and Supports a Paraphyletic Basal Acoelomorpha. Molecular Biology and Evolution. en. 26. 10. 2397–2406. 10.1093/molbev/msp150. 0737-4038. 19602542. free.
  2. Struck. Torsten H.. Schult. Nancy. Kusen. Tiffany. Hickman. Emily. Bleidorn. Christoph. McHugh. Damhnait. Halanych. Kenneth M.. 2007-01-01. Annelid phylogeny and the status of Sipuncula and Echiura. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7. 1 . 57. 10.1186/1471-2148-7-57. 1471-2148. 1855331. 17411434 . 2007BMCEE...7...57S . free .
  3. Hausdorf. Bernhard. Helmkampf. Martin. Meyer. Achim. Witek. Alexander. Herlyn. Holger. Bruchhaus. Iris. Hankeln. Thomas. Struck. Torsten H.. Lieb. Bernhard. 2007-12-01. Spiralian Phylogenomics Supports the Resurrection of Bryozoa Comprising Ectoprocta and Entoprocta. Molecular Biology and Evolution. en. 24. 12. 2723–2729. 10.1093/molbev/msm214. 0737-4038. 17921486. free.
  4. Struck. Torsten H.. Wey-Fabrizius. Alexandra R.. Golombek. Anja. Hering. Lars. Weigert. Anne. Bleidorn. Christoph. Klebow. Sabrina. Iakovenko. Nataliia. Hausdorf. Bernhard. 2014-07-01. Platyzoan Paraphyly Based on Phylogenomic Data Supports a Noncoelomate Ancestry of Spiralia. Molecular Biology and Evolution. en. 31. 7. 1833–1849. 10.1093/molbev/msu143. 0737-4038. 24748651. free.
  5. Web site: Cycliophorans - Cycliophora - Details - Encyclopedia of Life. Encyclopedia of Life. en. 2017-09-02.
  6. Web site: Introduction to the Lophotrochozoa. www.ucmp.berkeley.edu. 2017-09-02.
  7. Web site: The "Lophophorates" Phylum Bryozoa Phylum Phoronida Phylum Brachiopoda - ppt video online download. slideplayer.com. 2017-09-02.
  8. Guo . Jin . Parry . Luke A. . Vinther . Jakob . Edgecombe . Gregory D. . Wei . Fan . Zhao . Jun . Zhao . Yang . Béthoux . Olivier . Lei . Xiangtong . Chen . Ailin . Hou . Xianguang . Chen . Taimin . Cong . Peiyun . 2022 . A Cambrian tommotiid preserving soft tissues reveals the metameric ancestry of lophophorates . Current Biology . 32 . 21 . 4769–4778.e2 . 10.1016/j.cub.2022.09.011. 36170853 . 2022CBio...32E4769G . free .
  9. De Vivo . Giacinto . Crocetta . Fabio . Ferretti . Miriam . Feuda . Roberto . D'Aniello . Salvatore . 2023 . Duplication and Losses of Opsin Genes in Lophotrochozoan Evolution . Molecular Biology and Evolution . 40 . 4 . msad066 . 10.1093/molbev/msad066 . 10097855 . 36947081.
  10. Struck . Torsten H . Golombek . Anja . Hoesel . Christoph . Dimitrov . Dimitar . Elgetany . Asmaa Haris . 2023 . González . Vanessa . Mitochondrial Genome Evolution in Annelida—A Systematic Study on Conservative and Variable Gene Orders and the Factors Influencing its Evolution . Systematic Biology . en . 72 . 4 . 925–945 . 10.1093/sysbio/syad023. 37083277 . 10405356 .

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