Trixylyl phosphate explained

Trixylyl phosphate (TXP) is an aromatic phosphate ester. It was historically used as a flame retardant for acetate plastics (cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate) and PVC. It also saw significant use as a fire-resistant hydraulic fluid.

Trixylyl phosphate is now banned or restricted in several jurisdictions, due to its poor safety profile. Short term exposure can cause organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy,[1] but it is also regarded as a reproductive toxin. In the EU is classified as a substance of very high concern, requiring authorisation to be used.

Synthesis

Trixylyl phosphate is prepared industrially by the reaction of phosphoryl chloride with mixed xylenols. In practise this produces a range of products.

Notes and References

  1. Mortensen . A . Ladefoged . O . Delayed neurotoxicity of trixylenyl phosphate and a trialkyl/aryl phosphate mixture, and the modulating effect of atropine on tri-o-tolyl phosphate-induced neurotoxicity. . Neurotoxicology . 1992 . 13 . 2 . 347–54 . 1436754.