| Triumph | |
| Fate: | Taken over |
| Successor: | Adler |
| Foundation: | 1896 |
| Founder: | Siegfried Bettmann |
| Defunct: | 1956 |
| Location City: | Nuremberg |
| Location Country: | Germany |
| Products: | bicycles, motorcycles |
Triumph-Werke Nürnberg AG or TWN, was a German bicycle and motorcycle company. In 1886, Siegfried Bettmann founded the Triumph bicycle factory in Coventry, England, and in 1896 he founded a second bicycle factory in his native Nuremberg, Germany, under the same Triumph name. Both factories branched out into making motorcycles: the Coventry factory in 1902 and the Nuremberg factory in 1903.[1]
In its early decades the Nuremberg factory produced models with the same 499 cc and 545 cc four-stroke engines as its sister plant in Coventry.
Confusion between motorcycles produced by the Coventry and Nuremberg Triumph companies led to the latter's products being renamed "Orial" for certain export markets. However, in the 1920s there was already an Orial motorcycle maker in Lyon, France, so the Nuremberg motorcycles were renamed again as "TWN", standing for Triumph Werke Nürnberg.[2]
After 1913 the English and German factories diverged, with the Nuremberg works making motorcycles with 248 cc and 269 cc two-stroke engines. After the Second World War Triumph made successful models including the 200 cc Cornet split single two-stroke and the split-single 1 cylinder 350 cc Boss. A split single has one "divided" cylinder (with 2 bores) but only one common combustion chamber and spark plug. Triumph/TWN's production of split singles began with the BD250 in 1939 designed by Otto Reitz.[3] In 1953 a 2 cylinder 250 cm³ single-split model Duplex with 4 pistons was shown at a fair, but not produced.
In 1956 Max Grundig took over the Nuremberg company, merged it with his Adler motorcycle and typewriter business and terminated motorcycle production under the Triumph and TWN names.
List of models which were manufactured in Nuremberg [4]
| Typ | Year of manufacture | cubic capacity | Kind of motor | Performance | Maximum speed | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knirps | 1919–1923 | 276 ccm | two-stroke | 2,2 kW/ 3 hp | 40 mph | |
| KK | 1923–1926 | 298 ccm | two-stroke | 2,9 kW/ 4 hp | 47 mph | |
| T | 1924–1927 | 550 ccm | four stroke(Coventry) | 2,9 kW/ 4 hp | 56 mph | |
| T II | 1924–1927 | 499 ccm | four stroke(Coventry) | 11,8 kW/ 16 hp | 56 mph | |
| S | 1924–1926 | 499 ccm | four stroke (Coventry) | 2,5 kW/ 3,5 hp | 81 mph | |
| K III (Knirps) | 1926–1928 | 250 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/6 hp | 50 mph | |
| K IV | 1926–1928 | 250 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 50 mph | |
| K V | 1926–1928 | 250 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 50 mph | |
| K 6 | 1928–1933 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 44 mph | |
| K 7 | 1928–1933 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 44 mph | |
| K 8 | 1928–1933 | 200 ccm | two-stroke | 4,0 kW/ 5,5 hp | 44 mph | |
| K 9 | 1928–1933 | 200 ccm | two-stroke | 4,0 kW/ 5,5 hp | 44 mph | |
| K 10 | 1928–1931 | 300 ccm | two-stroke | 5,9 kW/ 8 hp | 56 mph | |
| K 11 | 1928–1931 | 300 ccm | two-stroke | 5,9 kW/ 8 hp | 56 mph | |
| T III | 1928–1930 | 493 ccm | four stroke (Coventry) | 11,8 kW/ 16 hp | 56 mph | |
| T 4 | 1928–1930 | 493 ccm | four stroke (Coventry) | 11,8 kW/ 16 hp | 56 mph | |
| SSK | 1930–1933 | 346 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G.) | 11,1 kW, 15 hp | 71 mph | |
| T 350 | 1930–1931 | 350 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G.- licence) | 7,4 kW/ 10 hp | 50 mph | |
| T 500 | 1930–1931 | 496 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G.) | 9,6 kW/ 13 hp | 56 mph | |
| BL 170 | 1930–1931 | 170 ccm | two-stroke | 3,7 kW/ 5 hp | 44 mph | |
| RR 750 | 1930–1933 | 741 ccm | two-stroke (M.A.G.) | 11,8 kW/ 16 hp | 65 mph | |
| KV 200 | 1930–1934 | 200 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 44 mph | |
| KV 250 | 1930–1934 | 250 ccm | two-stroke | 5,9 kW/ 8 hp | 50 mph | |
| SK 250 | 1930–1934 | 250 ccm | two-stroke | 5,9 kW/ 8 hp | 50 mph | |
| RL 30 | 1932–1935 | 198 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 44 mph | |
| Noris 200 | 1932–1935 | 198 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 44 mph | |
| TM 500 | 1932–1937 | 500 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G. - licence) | 9,6 kW/ 13 hp | 59 mph | |
| STM 500 | 1932–1937 | 500 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G. - licence) | 14,8 kW/ 20 hp | 75 mph | |
| Kongress | 1932–1937 | 346 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G. - licence) | 6,6 kW/ 9 hp | 56 mph | |
| SKL 200 | 1933–1934 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 47 mph | |
| 200 K | 1934–1937 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 4,4 kW/ 6 hp | 44 mph | |
| TS 100 | 1934–1936 | 98 ccm | two-stroke | 2,2 kW, 3 hp | 34 mph | |
| B 200 | 1936–1937 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 5,1 kW, 7 hp | 50 mph | |
| B 204 | 1936–1939 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 5,1 kW, 7 hp | 50 mph | |
| B 350 | 1936–1939 | 346 ccm | two-stroke | 8,9 kW, 12 hp | 68 mph | |
| S 350 | 1937–1938 | 346 ccm | two-stroke | 8,9 kW, 12 hp | 68 mph | |
| S 500 | 1937–1938 | 496 ccm | four stroke (M.A.G. - licence) | 14,8 kW/ 20 hp | 78 mph | |
| B 125 | 1939–1949 | 122 ccm | two-stroke | 3,1 kW/ 4,2 hp | 47 mph | |
| BD 250 | 1939–1943 | 248 ccm | two-stroke | 8,9 kW/ 12 hp | 68 mph | |
| BDG 250 | 1949–1957 | 248 ccm | two-stroke | 8,9 kW/ 12 hp | 68 mph | |
| BDG 125 | 1950–1957 | 123 ccm | two-stroke | 4,6 kW/ 6,25 hp | 56 mph | |
| Cornet | 1953–1957 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 7,4 kW/ 10 hp | 63 mph | |
| Boss | 1953–1957 | 344 ccm | two-stroke | 11,8 kW/ 16 hp | 75 mph | |
| Knirps Moped | 1953–1957 | 47 ccm | two-stroke | 1,0 kW/ 1,3 hp | 28 mph | |
| Contessa | 1955–1957 | 197 ccm | two-stroke | 7,4 kW/ 10 hp | 59 mph | |
| Tessy | 1956–1957 | 125 ccm | two-stroke | 5,5 kW/ 7,5 hp | 50 mph | |
| Tessy Super | 1956–1957 | 150 ccm | two-stroke | 6,2 kW/ 8,5 hp | 50 mph | |
| Fips | 1956–1957 | 47 ccm | two-stroke | 0,7 kW/ 1 hp | 28 mph | |
| Sportfips | 1956–1957 | 47 ccm | two-stroke | 0,7 kW/ 1 hp | 28 mph |