Tritomaria ferruginea explained

Tritomaria ferruginea is a species of liverwort in the family Lophoziaceae. It is an endangered species endemic to the eastern Himalayas.

Taxonomy and history

Andrewsianthus ferrugineus was described by Riclef Grolle in 1966 based on a type specimen collected in 1962 by Austrian botanist Josef Poelt from a Rhododendron forest near Ringmo, Nepal.[1] This species was transferred to the genus Tritomaria on the basis of morphological characteristics in 2013, becoming Tritomaria ferriguniea.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Endemic to the temperate eastern Himalayas,[3] Tritomaria ferruginea is known from Bhutan, India (Sikkim), and Nepal.[4] [5] In western Bhutan it has been found growing in damp coniferous forests dominated Abies and Juniperus at above sea level,[3] while in India it has been found growing in both moorland and on rocky river banks at altitudes of above sea level.[5] In Nepal it has been found growing in Rhododendron forests and alpine meadows at around above sea level,[1] in coniferous forests at above sea level,[6] and alongside a rocky stream at above sea level.[5]

Description

Tritomaria ferruginea is green to rusty in colour with overlapping, three-lobed leaves that measure wide. The fragile, frequently branched stems are green to yellow-brown and measure up to long. The rhizoids are short and pale. It is a dioicous species, however, mature plants have not been described.[1]

Ecology

Tritomaria ferruginea has been observed as an epiphyte growing on tree trunks (including Juniperus species) and as a lithophyte growing on rocks (including calcareous rocks).[3] [5] [6] It has been found growing among peat and other mosses and alongside Herbertaceae species.[1] [3]

Conservation status

Tritomaria ferruginea is listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature under criteria B1 and B2cd, based on its small area of occupancy and risk of habitat destruction due to deforestation.

Notes and References

  1. Grolle . Riclef . Riclef Grolle . 1966 . Die Lebermoose Nepals . Khumbu Himal — Ergebnisse des Forschungsunternehmens Nepal Himalaya . 275–277 . de, la . 10.1007/978-3-642-92914-4_5. 978-3-540-03579-4 .
  2. Váňa . Jiří . Söderström . Lars . Hagborg . Anders . Konrat . Matt Von . 2013 . Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 32. New synonyms in Andrewsianthus and a transfer to Tritomaria (Lophoziaceae, Marchantiophyta) . . 81 . 1 . 10.11646/phytotaxa.81.1.8 . free.
  3. Long . D.G. . Grolle . R. . Riclef Grolle . 1990 . Hepaticaceae of Bhutan II . The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory . 68 . 393, 431 . 0073-0912 . 10.18968/jhbl.68.0_381 . free.
  4. Srivastava . Smita . Srivastava . S. C. . Rawat . K. K. . 2013 . Status of Family Lophoziaceae (Hepaticae) in India . Nelumbo . 55 . 113–152 . 10.20324/nelumbo/v55/2013/73297 .
  5. Long . David G. . 2005 . Notes on Himalayan Hepaticae 2: New records and extensions of range for some Himalayan Leafy Liverworts . Cryptogamie, Bryologie . 26 . 1 . 102 . ResearchGate.
  6. Book: Kitagawa . Naofumi . Ohashi . Hiroyoshi . Hiroyoshi Ohashi . Flora of Eastern Himalaya: Third Report . Lophoziaceae . 1975 . . Tokyo . 212 . 9780860081432.