Trimusculus Explained

Trimusculus is a genus of medium-sized air-breathing sea snails or false limpets, marine pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Trimusculidae.

Trimusculus is the only genus in the family Trimusculidae.^[1] Trimusculidae, the button snails, is the only family in the superfamily Trimusculoidea, a superfamily of false limpets. These are marine pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Eupulmonata.

Trimusculids are not very closely related to the siphonariids, another family of marine air-breathing false-limpets. The trimusculids are in the clade Eupulmonata, and are quite closely related to air-breathing land snails.

Description

Trimusculids are sometimes known as "button shells" or "button snails" because, especially in the eastern Pacific species Trimusculus reticulatus, the shells are small, white, almost perfectly circular in outline, only moderately elevated, and thus the shells are somewhat reminiscent of traditional white shirt buttons.

Species

Species within the genus Trimusculus include:

• Trimusculus afer (Gmelin, 1791)^[2]
• Trimusculus carinatus (Dall, 1870)^[3]
• Trimusculus conicus (Angas, 1867)^[4] - synonym: Gadinalea conica (Angas, 1867)
• Trimusculus costatus (Krauss, 1848)^[5]
• Trimusculus escondidus Poppe & Groh, 2009^[6]
• Trimusculus goesi (Hubendick, 1946)^[7]
• Trimusculus kurodai Habe, 1958^[8]
• Trimusculus mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758)^[9]
• Trimusculus mauritianus (Martens, 1880)^[10]
• Trimusculus niveus (Hutton, 1883)^[11] - synonym: Gadinalea nivea Hutton, 1883
• Trimusculus odhneri (Hubendick, 1946)^[12]
• Trimusculus peruvianus (Sowerby II, 1835)^[13]
• Trimusculus reticulatus (Sowerby II, 1835)^[14]
• Trimusculus stellatus (Sowerby II, 1835)^[15]
• Trimusculus yamamotoi Habe, 1958^[16]

Synonyms:

• Trimusculus mammilaris [sic]: synonym of Trimusculus mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (misspelling of mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758))
• Trimusculus niveus (Hutton, 1878): synonym of Trimusculus conicus (Angas, 1867)
• Trimusculus semicorneus (Preston, 1908): synonym of Acmaea semicornea Preston, 1908: synonym of Discradisca semicornea (Preston, 1908)

References

• Poppe G. & Groh K. (2009) A new species of Trimusculus (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Trimusculidae) from the Central Philippines. Visaya 2(5): 91-93
• Dayrat, B., Conrad, M., Balayan, S., White, T. R., Albrecht, C., Golding, R., Gomes, S. R., Harasewych, M. G., & Frias Martins, A. M. de. (2011). Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of pulmonate gastropods (Mollusca): new insights from increased taxon sampling. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59: 425-437.

External links

• Schmidt F.C. 1818, Versuch über die beste Einrichtung zur Aufstellung: Behandlung und Aufbewahrung der verschiedenen Naturkörper und gegenṣtände der Kunst, vorzüglich der Conchylien-Sammlungen, nebst kurzer Beurtheilung der conchyliologischen Systeme und Schriften und einer tabellarischen Zusammenstellung und Vergleichung der sechs besten und neuesten conchyliologischen Systeme. Gotha, J. Perth, 252 pp.
• Gray, J. E. (1824). Zoological notices. On the characters of zoophytes. On Gadinia, a new genus of patelloid shells. On some new species of Ampullariadae (Marisa and Bithinia). The Philosophical Magazine and Journal. 63 (312): 274-277
• Sowerby, G. B. I. (1835). Characters of and observations on new genera and species of Mollusca and Conchifera collected by Mr. Cuming. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 3(25): 4-7; 3(26): 21-23; 3(27): 41-43; 46-47; 3(28): 49-51; 3(30): 84-85; 3(30): 93-96; 3(31): 109-110
• redale, T. (1940). Marine Molluscs from Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, Australia, and New Caledonia. Australian Zoologist. 9: 429-443
• Rehder, H. A. (1940). On the molluscan genus Trimusculus Schmidt 1818, with notes on some Mediterranean and West African Siphonarias. Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington. 53: 67-69

Notes and References

1. de Bruyne R. H. (2004). Encyklopedie ulit a lastur. Rebo Productions, 336 pp.,, page 227.
2. Gofas, S. (2010). Trimusculus afer (Gmelin, 1791). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141705 on 2011-01-09
3. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus carinatus (Dall, 1870). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413975 on 2011-01-09
4. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus conicus (Angas, 1867). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414594 on 2011-01-09
5. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus costatus (Krauss, 1848). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413973 on 2011-01-09
6. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus escondidus Poppe & Groh, 2009. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414599 on 2011-01-09
7. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus goesi (Hubendick, 1946). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=413974 on 2011-01-09
8. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus kurodai. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414597 on 2011-01-09
9. Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Trimusculus mammillaris. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141706 on 2011-01-09
10. WoRMS (2010). Trimusculus mauritianus (Martens, 1880). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=220095 on 2011-01-09
11. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus niveus (Hutton, 1883). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414595 on 2011-01-09
12. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus odhneri (Hubendick, 1946). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414596 on 2011-01-09
13. Rosenberg, G.; Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus peruvianus (Sowerby II, 1835). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414591 on 2011-01-09
14. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus reticulatus (Sowerby II, 1835). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414592 on 2011-01-09
15. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus stellatus (Sowerby II, 1835). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414593 on 2011-01-09
16. Bouchet, P. (2010). Trimusculus yamamotoi Habe, 1958. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=414598 on 2011-01-09