Trimethylsilyl azide explained

Trimethylsilyl azide is the organosilicon compound with the formula . A colorless liquid, it is a reagent in organic chemistry, serving as the equivalent of hydrazoic acid.[1]

Preparation

Trimethylsilyl azide is commercially available. It may be prepared by the reaction of trimethylsilyl chloride and sodium azide:

Reactions

The compound hydrolyzes to hydrazoic acid:[2]

The compound adds to ketones and aldehydes to give the siloxy azides and subsequently tetrazoles:[1]

It ring-opens epoxides to give azido alcohols.

It has been used in the Oseltamivir total synthesis.

Safety

Trimethylsilyl azide is incompatible with moisture, strong oxidizing agents, and strong acids. Azides are often explosive, as illustrated by their use in air bags.

Notes and References

  1. Book: 10.1002/047084289X.ra117.pub3 . Azidotrimethylsilane . Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis . 2016 . Nishiyama . Kozaburo . Wang . Cheng . Lebel . Hélène . 1–16 . 9780470842898 .
  2. 10.1055/s-2007-984895 . Trimethylsilyl Azide (TMSN3): A Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis . 2007 . Jafarzadeh, Mohammad . Synlett . 2007 . 13 . 2144–2145. free .