Trichocereinae Explained

Trichocereinae is a subtribe of cactus that are particular to South America.^[1] There are 28 recognized genera in this subtribe.

Description

Arborescent to shrubby, Trichocereinae normally form unsegmented, spherical to columnar stems that are usually ribbed, tuberculate, or ribbed-warty.

The small to fairly large, regular or bilaterally symmetrical flowers appear laterally or below the apex and open day or night. The flower cup is scaled or covered with hair.

The fruits are fleshy to berry-like and sometimes burst open lengthwise. They contain small to medium-sized seeds that vary in shape. Hilum and micropyle of seeds are fused to united. Appendages are usually absent. A strophic is present in some.^[2]

Genera

The composition of the subtribes of the tribe Cereeae varies. The list below is based on genera accepted by Plants of the World Online ^[3] and placed in subtribe Trichocereinae by Lendel in 2013. Reicheocactus (listed here) was not included in Lendel's analysis, and was described as basal to the subtribe.^[1]

Image	Genus	Living species
	Acanthocalycium	Acanthocalycium klinglerianum (Cárdenas) Lodé Acanthocalycium leucanthum (Gillies ex Salm-Dyck) Schlumpb. Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum (K.Schum.) Schlumpb. Acanthocalycium spiniflorum (K.Schum.) Backeb. Acanthocalycium thionanthum (Speg.) Backeb.
	Arthrocereus	Arthrocereus glaziovii (K.Schum.) N.P.Taylor & Zappi Arthrocereus melanurus (K.Schum.) Diers, P.Br. & Esteves Arthrocereus rondonianus Backeb. & Voll Arthrocereus spinosissimus (Buining & Brederoo) F.Ritter
	Borzicactus	Borzicactus fieldianus Britton & Rose Borzicactus hutchisonii G.J.Charles Borzicactus icosagonus (Kunth) Britton & Rose Borzicactus leonensis (Madsen) G.J.Charles Borzicactus longiserpens (Leuenb.) G.J.Charles Borzicactus neoroezlii F.Ritter Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Britton & Rose Borzicactus sepium (Kunth) Britton & Rose Borzicactus silvaticus Janke Borzicactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach
	Chamaecereus	Chamaecereus luisramirezii Chamaecereus saltensis Chamaecereus schreiteri Chamaecereus silvestrii Chamaecereus stilowianus
	Cleistocactus	Cleistocactus ayopayanus Cárdenas Cleistocactus baumannii (Lem.) Lem. Cleistocactus brookeae Cárdenas Cleistocactus buchtienii Backeb. Cleistocactus candelilla Cárdenas Cleistocactus capadalensis F.Ritter Cleistocactus chrysocephalus (F.Ritter) Mottram Cleistocactus dependens Cárdenas Cleistocactus hildegardiae F.Ritter Cleistocactus hyalacanthus (K.Schum.) Rol.-Goss. Cleistocactus laniceps (K.Schum.) Rol.-Goss. Cleistocactus luribayensis Cárdenas Cleistocactus micropetalus F.Ritter Cleistocactus morawetzianus Backeb. Cleistocactus parviflorus (K.Schum.) Rol.-Goss. Cleistocactus pungens F.Ritter Cleistocactus reae Cárdenas Cleistocactus ritteri Backeb. Cleistocactus samaipatanus (Cárdenas) D.R.Hunt Cleistocactus smaragdiflorus (F.A.C.Weber) Britton & Rose Cleistocactus strausii (Heese) Backeb. Cleistocactus tominensis (Weing.) Backeb. Cleistocactus variispinus F.Ritter Cleistocactus viridiflorus Backeb. Cleistocactus winteri D.R.Hunt
	Denmoza	Denmoza rhodacantha
	Echinopsis	Echinopsis albispinosa Echinopsis aurea Echinopsis breviflora Echinopsis calochlora Echinopsis chalaensis Echinopsis chrysantha Echinopsis clavata Echinopsis cuzcoensis Echinopsis densispina Echinopsis haematantha Echinopsis jajoana Echinopsis lageniformis Echinopsis marsoneri Echinopsis oligotricha Echinopsis oxygona Echinopsis rauschii Echinopsis rojasii Echinopsis tacaquirensis Echinopsis torrefluminensis Echinopsis werdermannii
	Espostoa	Espostoa blossfeldiorum Espostoa calva Espostoa cremnophila Espostoa frutescens Espostoa hylaea Espostoa lanata Espostoa melanostele Espostoa mirabilis Espostoa senilis Espostoa superba Espostoa utcubambensis
	Haageocereus	Haageocereus acranthus Haageocereus bieblii Haageocereus bylesianus Haageocereus × comosus Haageocereus decumbens Haageocereus fascicularis Haageocereus platinospinus Haageocereus pseudomelanostele Haageocereus repens Haageocereus tenuis Haageocereus versicolor
	Harrisia	Harrisia aboriginum Harrisia adscendens Harrisia bonplandii Harrisia brookii Harrisia caymanensis Harrisia divaricata Harrisia earlei Harrisia eriophora Harrisia fernowii Harrisia fragrans Harrisia gracilis Harrisia martinii Harrisia pomanensis Harrisia portoricensis Harrisia regelii Harrisia taetra Harrisia tetracantha Harrisia tortuosa
	Leucostele	Leucostele atacamensis Leucostele bolligeriana Leucostele chiloensis Leucostele deserticola Leucostele faundezii Leucostele litoralis Leucostele nigripilis Leucostele pectinifera Leucostele skottsbergii Leucostele terscheckii Leucostele tunariensis Leucostele undulosa Leucostele werdermanniana
	Lobivia	Lobivia acchaensis Lobivia ancistrophora Lobivia arachnacantha Lobivia ayopayana Lobivia backebergii Lobivia bridgesii Lobivia caineana Lobivia calorubra Lobivia cardenasiana Lobivia chrysochete Lobivia cinnabarina Lobivia ferox Lobivia hertrichiana Lobivia hoevenii Lobivia kuehhasii Lobivia lateritia Lobivia mamillosa Lobivia maximiliana Lobivia minutiflora Lobivia obrepanda Lobivia pampana Lobivia pamparuizii Lobivia pentlandii Lobivia pereziensis Lobivia pugionacantha Lobivia rauschii Lobivia schieliana Lobivia sucrensis Lobivia tegeleriana Lobivia tiegeliana
	Loxanthocereus	Loxanthocereus acanthurus Loxanthocereus camanaensis Loxanthocereus clavispinus Loxanthocereus faustianus Loxanthocereus hoffmannii Loxanthocereus hoxeyi Loxanthocereus hystrix Loxanthocereus jajoanus Loxanthocereus pachycladus Loxanthocereus peculiaris Loxanthocereus sextonianus Loxanthocereus sulcifer Loxanthocereus xylorhizus
	Matucana	Matucana aurantiaca Matucana aureiflora Matucana charlesiorum Matucana chrysacantha Matucana formosa Matucana gigantea Matucana haynii Matucana hoxeyi Matucana huagalensis Matucana intertexta Matucana klopfensteinii Matucana krahnii Matucana madisoniorum Matucana oreodoxa Matucana paucicostata Matucana pughii Matucana pujupatii Matucana rebutiiflora Matucana ritteri Matucana roseiflora Matucana tuberculata Matucana weberbaueri
	Mila	Mila caespitosa
	Oreocereus	Oreocereus celsianus Oreocereus doelzianus Oreocereus hempelianus Oreocereus leucotrichus Oreocereus pseudofossulatus Oreocereus ritteri Oreocereus tacnaensis Oreocereus trollii
	Oroya	Oroya borchersii (Boed.) Backeb. Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
	Rauhocereus	Rauhocereus riosaniensis Backeb.
	Reicheocactus	Reicheocactus famatimensis
	Samaipaticereus	Samaipaticereus corroanus
	Setiechinopsis	Setiechinopsis mirabilis
	Soehrensia	Soehrensia angelesiae Soehrensia arboricola Soehrensia bruchii Soehrensia camarguensis Soehrensia candicans Soehrensia caulescens Soehrensia formosa Soehrensia grandiflora Soehrensia hahniana Soehrensia huascha Soehrensia × mendocina (S. candicans × S. strigosa.) Soehrensia quadratiumbonata Soehrensia sandiensis Soehrensia schickendantzii Soehrensia serpentina Soehrensia shaferi Soehrensia smrziana Soehrensia spachiana Soehrensia strigosa Soehrensia tarijensis Soehrensia thelegona Soehrensia thelegonoides Soehrensia vasquezii Soehrensia volliana Soehrensia walteri
	Trichocereus	Trichocereus macrogonus Trichocereus macrogonus var. macrogonus Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi (Britton & Rose) Albesiano & R.Kiesling Trichocereus spinibarbis Trichocereus uyupampensis
	Vatricania	Vatricania guentheri
	Weberbauerocereus	Weberbauerocereus albus Weberbauerocereus cephalomacrostibas Weberbauerocereus churinensis Weberbauerocereus cuzcoensis Weberbauerocereus madidiensis Weberbauerocereus rauhii Weberbauerocereus weberbaueri Weberbauerocereus winterianus
	Yungasocereus	Yungasocereus inquisivensis

Intergeneric hybrids

Naturally occurring hybrids between genera in the subtribe include:

• × Borzicana M.H.J.van der Meer = Borzicactus × Matucana
• × Haagespostoa G.D.Rowley = Haageocereus × Espostoa
• × Leucomoza M.H.J.van der Meer = Denmoza × Leucostele
• × Oreonopsis G.D.Rowley = Echinopsis × Oreocereus

Artificial hybrids include:

• × Chamaelobivia Y.Itô = Chamaecyparis × Lobivia^[4]
• × Cleistopsis Strigl =Cleistocactus × Echinopsis.
• × Trichopsis Y.Itô = Echinopsis × Trichocereus^[5]
• × Harrisinopsis G.D.Rowley = Echinopsis × Harrisia

External links

• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, June 1, 2007.

Notes and References

1. Lendel . Anita . 2013 . South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) . University of Zurich . 10.5167/UZH-93287 . 2023-10-10 . Dr. sc. nat..
2. Book: Anderson, Edward F. . Eggli . Urs . Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon . Ulmer . Stuttgart (Hohenheim) . 2005 . 3-8001-4573-1 . de . 58–59.
3. Web site: Cactaceae Juss. . Plants of the World Online . The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 2023-10-10.
4. Web site: × Chamaelobivia Y.Itô . . . 2023-10-09.
5. Web site: × Trichopsis Y.Itô . . . 2023-10-10.