Treaty of Windsor (1386) explained
| Treaty of Windsor |
| Long Name: | Treaty of peace, friendship and confederation between John I of Portugal and Richard II, King of England |
| Date Drafted: | 9 May 1386 |
| Date Signed: | 24 February 1387 |
| Location Signed: | Westminster |
| Negotiators: |
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| Ratifiers: |
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| Depositor: | Portuguese National Archives |
| Language: | Latin |
The Treaty of Windsor is a diplomatic alliance signed between Portugal and England on 9 May 1386 in Windsor and sealed by the marriage of King John I of Portugal (House of Aviz) to Philippa of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster.[1] With the victory at the Battle of Aljubarrota, assisted by English archers, John I was recognised as the undisputed King of Portugal, putting an end to the interregnum of the 1383–1385 Crisis.[1] The Treaty of Windsor established a pact of mutual support between the countries.[1]
This document is preserved at the Portuguese National Archives.[2]
Historian Matthew Winslett says, "This treaty has been the cornerstone of both nations' relations with each other ever since."[3]
Enduring to this day, the Treaty of Windsor holds the record as the longest-lasting diplomatic treaty in recorded history.[4]
See also
Bibliography
Notes and References
- Book: Livermore, H.V . A History of Portugal . . 1947 . 179 . 2021-10-07 . dmy-all .
- Tratado de paz, amizade e confederação entre D. João I e Eduardo II, rei de Inglaterra, denominado Tratado de Windsor . https://digitarq.arquivos.pt/details?id=4186035 . PT/TT/GAV/18/3/25 . textual record . 9 May 1386 . 7 October 2021 . Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo . Direção-Geral do Livro, dos Arquivos e das Bibliotecas (DGLAB) . Portuguese.
- MA . Winslett . Matthew . Supervising Professor: Douglas Richmond . The Nadir of Alliance: The British Ultimatum of 1890 and Its Place in Anglo-Portuguese Relations, 1147–1945 . https://rc.library.uta.edu/uta-ir/bitstream/handle/10106/1093/umi-uta-2206.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y . 2008-09-17 . August 2008 . 2021-10-07 . . 14 . This treaty has been the cornerstone of both nations' relations with each other ever since. This is particularly true in regards to the Portuguese. The various treaties that follow it build upon the promises made at Windsor and never abrogate its terms, especially in the case of guarantees of territorial defense and military aid. . none.
- BBC History Revealed magazine; May 2023 issue; p. 15
