Transport in Namibia explained

This article deals with the system of transport in Namibia, both public and private.

General

History

The beginnings of organised travel and transport routes in the territory of South West Africa, today Namibia, have not yet been established. This is due to the lack of any written records relating to roads prior to the twilight of the 19th century. Archaeological work has dated one stretch of road in the south-western Brandberg Massif to 1250 AD. Although no other such early examples have been found, it is certain that this road was not the only one of its kind.

The first permanent road, established for ox wagons, was built at the initiative of Heinrich Schmelen, Rhenish missionary in Bethanie in the early 19th century. It led from Bethanie to Angra Pequeña, today the town of Lüderitz, and was intended to serve the natural harbour there in order to become independent of the Cape Colony.

Road

Namibia's road network is regarded as one of the best on the continent; road construction and maintenance adheres to international standards.[1] The country's 48,875.27 km roads (2017) are administered by the Roads Authority, a state-owned enterprise established by Act 17 of 1999. Due to low traffic volumes the majority of roads are not tarred. The distribution of road surfaces is:[2]

Roads by region (2017)

RegionBitumen
(km)
Gravel
(km)
Salt
(km)
Earth
(km)
Others
(km)
Total
(km)
Kilometers
per 1000 km2
Erongo466.9 1748.3269.91025.714.23524.9855.5
Hardap654.74566.40,01358.90.06597.9559.9
Karas1314.74989.05.01347.92.17658.6247.6
Kavango East344.4465.90.0673.282.51656.9564.7
Kavango West428.0218.80.0629.324.31300.4156.0
Khomas361.81729.00.0666.270.92827.8576.8
Kunene515.52644.125.01524.5186.64895.6833.9
Ohangwena359.2316.90.0350.2303.51329.71125.4
Omaheke445.42974.10.02055.033.65508.0973.8
Omusati726.4486.80.0750.6261.82225.58163.2
Oshana129.2261.70.0178.2182.6751.78141.8
Oshikoto513.3934.20.0328.912.61789.0667.3
Otjozondjupa1137.64454.00.01702.666.17360.3569.9
Zambezi504.7 257.40.0697.479.81539.2678.8

The major highways in Namibia are as follows:

Road accidents

In 2018, there were about 393,062 cars registered in Namibia (169,911 in the capital Windhoek).[3] Namibia has a relatively high prevalence of road accidents, compared to its sparse population. In 2011, 491 people died in 2,846 crashes.[4] Causes are often speeding and reckless driving, as well as general non-observance of traffic rules.[5] Stray animals are also a major cause of accidents, particularly in the Kavango Region.[6]

Railway

Rail transport in Namibia is operated on a 2,687-kilometre network by TransNamib.

See main article: Rail transport in Namibia.

Railway links to adjacent countries

Ports and harbours

Atlantic Ocean

Merchant marine

none (2002, 1999 est.)

Airports

Windhoek Hosea Kutako International Airport is the main international airport in the country. Two others international airports are Walvis Bay Airport and Eros Airport in Windhoek.

Airports - with paved runways
Passengers Number
2002 1999 est.
over 3,047 m 2 2
2,438 to 3,047 m 2 2
1,524 to 2,437 m 13 15
914 to 1,523 m 4 3
Total 21 22
Airports - with unpaved runways
Passengers Number
2002 1999 est.
2,438 to 3,047 m 2 2
1,524 to 2,437 m 22 21
914 to 1,523 m 71 69
under 914 m 19 21
Total 114 113

References

Literature

Notes and References

  1. News: RA needs over N$1 billion . Heita . Desie . 27 July 2011 . . 27 July 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120509214408/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=39848 . 9 May 2012 . dead . dmy-all.
  2. News: Get to know Namibia's National Road Network. March 2012. supplement to several Namibian newspapers. Namibia Roads Authority.
  3. Web site: Crash and Claims Reports 2018. Motor Vehicle Accident Fund, 2018, p. 46..
  4. News: Road accidents claim 60 lives. Smith. Jana-Mari. 3 January 2012. The Namibian.
  5. News: Road accidents claim more lives . Khobetsi . Lorato . 2011 . . 27 November 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151017170615/http://www.economist.com.na/general-news/22-general-news-2011/319-road-accidents-claim-more-lives . 17 October 2015 . dead . dmy-all.
  6. News: Stray animals major cause of accidents . Matali . Mutonga . . 27 November 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120527150857/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=41884&title=Gang%20attacks%20herders . 2012-05-27 . dead.
  7. Web site: Gauge.
  8. http://www.businessday.co.za/articles/Content.aspx?id=133585 BusinessLive
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/20110208180603/http://www.namibian.com.na/news/full-story/archive/2011/february/article/transkalahari-railway-to-steam-ahead-in-2012/ TransKalahari Railway to steam ahead in 2012