Tragulina Explained

Tragulina (also known as Traguliformes) is an infraorder of even-toed ungulates. Only the chevrotains survive to the present, including the genera Tragulus (the mouse deer) and Hyemoschus, all within the family Tragulidae.

Taxonomy and Classification

Tragulina is an infraorder within the larger suborder Ruminantia, and is the sister clade to the infraorder Pecora. Tragulina contains one extant (living) family, Tragulidae, as well as several extinct families, although the extinct members currently classified as within Tragulina causes it to be considered paraphyletic.^[1]

Tragulina's placement within Artiodactyla can be represented in the following cladogram:^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}

The following is the taxonomy of the group Tragulina.^[7]

• Infrarorder TRAGULINA
  • †Praetragulidae
    • Praetragulus
    • Parvitragulus
    • Simimeryx
  • †Archaeomerycidae
    • Archaeomeryx
    • Miomeryx
    • Paukkaungmeryx
  • †Gelocidae
    • Phaneromeryx
    • Paragelocus
    • Paragelocus
    • Gelocus
    • Pseudogelocus
    • Prodremotherium
    • Cryptomeryx
    • Pseudoceras
    • Gobiomeryx
    • Rutitherium
    • Eumeryx
  • †Hypertragulidae^[8]
    • Hypertragulus
    • Nanotragulus
    • Hypisodontinae
      • Hypisodus
  • †Leptomerycidae
    • Hendryomeryx
    • Leptomeryx
    • Xinjiangmeryx
    • Pseudomeryx
    • Pseudoparablastomeryx
    • Pronodens
  • †Lophiomerycidae
    • Zhailimeryx
    • Lophiomeryx
    • Krabimeryx
  • †Bachitheriidae
    • Bachitherium
  • Tragulidae – chevrotains or mouse-deer
    • Tragulus
    • Hyemoschus
    • Moschiola
    • †Dorcatherium
    • †Dorcabune
    • †Afrotragulus
    • †Siamotragulus
    • †Yunnanotherium
    • †Archaeotragulus
    • †Iberomeryx
    • †Nalameryx

Notes and References

1. Clauss. M.. Rossner. G. E.. Old world ruminant morphophysiology, life history, and fossil record: exploring key innovations of a diversification sequence. Annales Zoologici Fennici. 2014. 51. 1–2. 80–94. 10.5735/086.051.0210. 85347098.
2. 2006. A higher-level MRP supertree of placental mammals. BMC Evol Biol. 6. 10.1186/1471-2148-6-93. 1654192. 17101039. Beck. N.R.. 93 . free .
3. O'Leary. M.A.. Bloch. J.I.. Flynn. J.J.. Gaudin. T.J.. Giallombardo. A.. Giannini. N.P.. Goldberg. S.L.. Kraatz. B.P.. Luo. Z.-X.. Meng. J.. Ni. X.. Novacek. M.J.. Perini. F.A.. Randall. Z.S.. Rougier. G.W.. Sargis. E.J.. Silcox. M.T.. Simmons. N.B.. Spaulding. M.. Velazco. P.M.. Weksler. M.. Wible. J.R.. Cirranello. A.L.. The Placental Mammal Ancestor and the Post-K-Pg Radiation of Placentals. Science. 339. 6120. 2013. 662–667. 10.1126/science.1229237. 23393258. 2013Sci...339..662O. 206544776. 11336/7302. free.
4. Song. S.. Liu. L.. Edwards. S.V.. Wu. S.. Resolving conflict in eutherian mammal phylogeny using phylogenomics and the multispecies coalescent model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109. 37. 2012. 14942–14947. 10.1073/pnas.1211733109. 22930817. 3443116. 2012PNAS..10914942S. free.
5. dos Reis. M.. Inoue. J.. Hasegawa. M.. Asher. R.J.. Donoghue. P.C.J.. Yang. Z.. Phylogenomic datasets provide both precision and accuracy in estimating the timescale of placental mammal phylogeny. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279. 1742. 2012. 3491–3500. 10.1098/rspb.2012.0683. 22628470. 3396900. free.
6. Upham. N.S.. Esselstyn. J.A.. Jetz. W.. Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation. PLOS Biology. 17. 12. 2019. e3000494. 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494. 31800571. 6892540. free. (see e.g. Fig S10)
7. Web site: WikiLingue. May 11, 2010.
8. Vislobokova, I. A. (2001). Evolution and classification of Tragulina (Ruminantia, Artiodactyla). Paleontological Journal, 35(January 2001), S69–S145.