Traditional Cambodian musical instruments explained

Traditional Cambodian musical instruments are the musical instruments used in the traditional and classical music of Cambodia. They comprise a wide range of wind, string, and percussion instruments, used by both the Khmer majority as well as the nation's ethnic minorities.

Woodwind

Flute

• Khloy (Central Khmer: ខ្លុយ) - vertical duct flute made of bamboo, hardwood, or plastic, with buzzing membrane
  • Khloy ek - smaller in size
  • Khloy thom - larger in size

Free-reed

• Sneng (Central Khmer: ស្នែង) - water buffalo or ox horn with a single free reed^photo
• Pey pok (Central Khmer: ប៉ីពក) - free-reed pipe^{[1] [2] photo}
• Ploy (Central Khmer: ព្លយខ្មែរ) (also called m'baut) - mouth organ with gourd body and five to seven bamboo pipes; used by Mon-Khmer-speaking upland ethnic minorities
• Ken/Khaen (Central Khmer: គែន) - free-reed mouth organ used in northwestern Cambodia
• Angkuoch (Central Khmer: អង្គួច) (also called kangkuoch) - jaw harp made of bamboo or metal

Quadruple Reed

• Sralai (Central Khmer: ស្រឡៃ) - quadruple-reed oboe
  • Sralai toch (Central Khmer: ស្រឡៃតូច) - small quadruple-reed oboe
  • Sralai thom (Central Khmer: ស្រឡៃធំ )- large quadruple-reed oboe
• Pey ar (Central Khmer: ប៉ីអៃ) (also spelled beyaw, and also called bey prabauh) - oboe with cylindrical bore

Horns

• Saing - conch horn

Other

• Slek - tree leaf used as a wind instrument

String

Bowed

• Tro (Central Khmer: ទ្រ) - fiddle
  • Tro Khmer (km |ទ្រ ខ្មែរ ) - three-string vertical spike fiddle with coconut shell body; used in classical music
  • Tro che (km | ទ្រឆេ ) - high-pitched two-string vertical fiddle, with face covered with snakeskin
  • Tro sau toch (km | ទ្រសោធំ តូច ) - two-string vertical fiddle with hardwood body; used in classical music
  • Tro sau thom (km | ទ្រសោធំ ) - two-string vertical fiddle with hardwood body; used in classical music
  • Tro u (also spelled tro ou) (km |ទ្រអ៊ូ ) - lower two-string vertical fiddle with a coconut shell body, with face covered with calfskin or snakeskin; used in classical music^photo

Plucked

• Chapei dong veng (Central Khmer: ចាប៉ីដងវែង) - plucked fretted lute
• Kong ring - bamboo tube zither, can play thet drum's part
• Krapeu (also called takhe) - crocodile-shaped fretted floor zither with three strings
• Kse diev (Central Khmer: ខ្សែដៀវ) or (Central Khmer: ខ្សែមួយ) - chest-resonated stick zither)^photo
• Pin - Cambodian harp, ancient instrument reborn in modern times

Struck

• Khim (km| ឃឹម ) - hammered dulcimer

Percussion

Drums

• Sampho (សម្ភោរ)- barrel drum, played with the hands
• Skor (also spelled sko) - long skor drum
  • Skor thom (ស្គរធំ)- pair of large barrel drums, played with sticks
  • Skor yike (ស្គរយីកេ) - flat skor drum, played with hands and used in Yike dance drama
• Thon, Skor daey and skor arak - goblet-shaped drums, played with the hands^photo
• Rumana - frame drum, played with the hands

Gong chimes

• Kong vong toch (also called kong toch) - small gong circle
• Kong vong thom (also called kong thom) - large gong circle
• Kong mon (also called kong mon) - small gong chime shaped curved

Xylophone

Roneat (Central Khmer: រនាត)- trough-resonated keyboard percussion instrument; generally played with two mallets and used in Khmer classical and theater music

• • Roneat ek - smaller xylophone
  • Roneat thung - larger xylophone
  • Roneat dek - smaller metallophone
  • Roneat thong larger metallophone; no longer used

Gongs

• Kong vong or kong thom (Central Khmer: គងធំ) - single suspended gong

Clappers

• Krap (Central Khmer: ក្រាប់) - pair of flat bamboo or hardwood sticks

Cymbals

• Ching (ឈិង) - pair of small cymbals used to mark time
• Chap - pair of flat cymbals

Woodblocks

• Pan - woodblock
• Nay pay - pellow
• Sindang - small size woodblocks

Occasions

Traditional Cambodian musical instruments play a significant role in the Cambodian culture.^[3] These instruments are typically used during royal events, weddings, and festivals. For weddings and royal events, the musicians playing the instruments would wear traditional Cambodian attire. Just like the Chinese, with regard to playing context, there is no conductor in traditional Cambodian music because musicians generally learned and memorized how to play the instruments aurally. These instruments provide a sense of identity for the Cambodian people.

See also

• Music of Cambodia

External links

• The traditional music and instruments of Cambodia
• Rebuilding the musical instruments of the ancient Khmer. 26 February 2016. tuk-tuk.tv
• Mysteries of the Khmer harp. 9 April 2016. tuk-tuk.tv

Notes and References

1. Web site: ប៉ីអ និង ប៉ីពក [Poetry and Songs] ]. Sovichet . sovichetlifelwordpress.com. ប៉ីពក (the name of the instrument in Khmer).
   Image of pei pok.
2. Cambodia Traditional Music. 1979 . 26 October 2018 . Chinary . Ung . Tribe Music, Folk Music, and Popular Dances, Ethnic Folkways Records FE 4082. 2 . 2. Ethnic Folkways Records . New York .
3. May M. Ebihara, Carol Anne Mortland, Judy Ledgerwood. "Cambodian Culture Since 1975: Homeland and Exile". Cornell University Press, 1994