Tosk Albanian Explained

Tosk
Nativename:toskërishtja
Region:Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Italy, Greece, Turkey
Speakers: million
Date:2011 census
Ref:e18
Familycolor:Indo-European
Fam2:Albanoid
Fam3:Albanian
Ancestor:Proto-Albanian
Dia1:Northern Tosk
Dia2:Southern Tosk
Dia3:Arbëresh
Dia4:Cham
Dia5:Arvanitika
Dia6:Mandritsa
Dia7:Lab
Script:Albanian alphabet, formerly Elbasan
Iso3:als
Lingua:55-AAA-aca to 55-AAA-ace
Glotto:alba1268
Glotto2:tosk1239
Glottorefname:Albanian-Tosk
Glottorefname2:Northern Tosk Albanian
Map:Albanian language map en.svg
Mapcaption:A map showing Tosk speakers in the two palest shades of brown.

Tosk (Albanian: toskërishtja) is the southern group of dialects of the Albanian language, spoken by the ethnographic group known as Tosks. The line of demarcation between Tosk and Gheg (the northern variety) is the Shkumbin River. Tosk is the basis of the standard Albanian language.

Major Tosk-speaking groups include the Myzeqars of Myzeqe, Labs of Labëria, Chams of Çamëria, Arvanites of Greece and the Arbëreshë of Italy, as well as the original inhabitants of Mandritsa in Bulgaria. In North Macedonia, there were approximately 3000 speakers in the early 1980s.[1]

Tosk features

Northern Tosk

Vowels

Back
Closepronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/
Close-midpronounced as /link/
Open-midpronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Openpronounced as /link/
Description Written as
pronounced as /i/ i
pronounced as /y/ y
pronounced as /e/e
pronounced as /a/ a
pronounced as /ɜ/ ë
pronounced as /ɔ/ o
pronounced as /u/ u

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Language Contact - Language Conflict. 36. 9780820416526. Thus, for example, even the small numbers of Tosk Albanians of southern North Macedonia (only approximately 3,000 in the early 1980s). Fraenkel. Eran. Kramer. Christina Elizabeth. 1993. P. Lang .
  2. Book: Orel . Vladimir E. . Albanian etymological dictionary . 1998 . Brill . Leiden . 9789004110243.
  3. Coretta . Stefano . Riverin-Coutlée . Josiane . Kapia . Enkeleida . Nichols . Stephen . Northern Tosk Albanian . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 16 August 2022 . 1–23 . 10.1017/S0025100322000044. free . 20.500.11820/ebce2ea3-f955-4fa5-9178-e1626fbae15f . free .