Who? Who? ministry explained

Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby led the "Who? Who?" ministry, a short-lived British Conservative government which was in power for a matter of months in 1852. Lord Derby was Prime Minister and Benjamin Disraeli served as Chancellor of the Exchequer. It marked the first time the protectionist wing of the Conservative Party had taken office since the Corn Laws schism of 1846. It is also called the First Derby–Disraeli ministry.[1]

Early in 1852 Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, by then very deaf, gave Derby's first government its nickname by shouting "Who? Who?" as the list of inexperienced Cabinet Ministers was read out in the House of Lords.[2] [3]

History

After the fall of Lord John Russell's Whig government in early 1852, the Conservative leader Lord Derby formed a government. The Conservatives had been weakened by the defection of the Peelites, and many of the new Cabinet ministers were men of little experience. The government became known as the "Who? Who?" Ministry after Wellington's comments, due to the lack of prominence of its ministers. The government was in a significant minority, and lasted less than a year, collapsing in December. The Whigs and Peelites then formed a coalition government under the Peelite leader Lord Aberdeen.

Though the government had little impact, it attracted derision through its plethora of new political names, which demonstrated the relative inexperience of the party. Only four members of the Cabinet (Derby himself, St Leonards, Lonsdale, and Herries) were existing Privy Councillors and many others were complete political unknowns.

Cabinet

OfficeMinisterTenure
First Lord of the Treasury
Leader of the House of Lords
Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of DerbyFebruary–December 1852
Lord ChancellorEdward Burtenshaw Sugden, Lord St LeonardsFebruary–December 1852
Lord President of the CouncilWilliam Lowther, Earl of LonsdaleFebruary–December 1852
Lord Privy SealJames Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of SalisburyFebruary–December 1852
Home SecretarySpencer H. WalpoleFebruary–December 1852
Foreign SecretaryJames Howard Harris, Earl of MalmesburyFebruary–December 1852
Secretary of State for War and the ColoniesSir John Pakington, BtFebruary–December 1852
First Lord of the AdmiraltyAlgernon Percy, Duke of NorthumberlandFebruary–December 1852
President of the Board of ControlJ.C. HerriesFebruary–December 1852
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Leader of the House of Commons
Benjamin DisraeliFebruary–December 1852
President of the Board of TradeJ. W. HenleyFebruary–December 1852
First Commissioner of WorksLord John MannersFebruary–December 1852
Postmaster-GeneralCharles Philip Yorke, Earl of HardwickeFebruary–December 1852

List of ministers

Cabinet members are listed in bold face.

OfficeMinisterTenureNotes
Prime Minister,
First Lord of the Treasury
and Leader of the House of Lords
Edward Smith-Stanley, Earl of Derby23 February 1852 – 17 December 1852 
Chancellor of the Exchequer
and Leader of the House of Commons
Benjamin Disraeli27 February 1852 
Parliamentary Secretary to the TreasuryWilliam Forbes Mackenzie2 March 1852 
Financial Secretary to the TreasuryGeorge Alexander Hamilton2 March 1852 
Junior Lords of the TreasuryRichard Temple-Grenville, Marquess of Chandos28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852 
Lord Henry Lennox28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Thomas Bateson28 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Lord ChancellorEdward Sugden, Lord St Leonards27 February 1852 
Lord President of the CouncilWilliam Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale27 February 1852 
Lord Privy SealJames Gascoyne-Cecil, Marquess of Salisbury27 February 1852 
Secretary of State for the Home DepartmentSpencer Horatio Walpole27 February 1852 
Under-Secretary of State for the Home DepartmentWilliam Joliffe, Bt27 February 1852 
Secretary of State for Foreign AffairsJames Harris, Earl of Malmesbury27 February 1852 
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign AffairsLord Edward Stanley18 May 1852 
Secretary of State for War and the ColoniesJohn Pakington, Bt17 February 1852 
Under-Secretary of State for War and the ColoniesJohn Cuffe, Earl of Desart2 March 1852 
First Lord of the AdmiraltyAlgernon Percy, Duke of Northumberland28 February 1852 
First Secretary of the AdmiraltyAugustus Stafford3 March 1852 
Civil Lord of the AdmiraltyArthur Duncombe28 February 1852 
President of the Board of ControlJ. C. Herries28 February 1852 
Joint Secretaries to the Board of ControlHenry Baillie1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852 
Charles Bruce1 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Postmaster-GeneralCharles Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke1 March 1852 
President of the Board of TradeJ. W. Henley17 February 1852 
Vice-President of the Board of TradeCharles Edward Abbot, Lord Colchester27 February 1852 
First Commissioner of WorksLord John Manners4 March 1852 
Chief Secretary for IrelandRichard Bourke, Lord Naas1 March 1852 
Lord Lieutenant of IrelandArchibald Montgomerie, Earl of Eglinton1 March 1852 
Chancellor of the Duchy of LancasterRobert Adam Christopher1 March 1852 
Master-General of the OrdnanceHenry Hardinge, Viscount Hardinge1 March 1852 
Lord Fitzroy Somerset30 September 1852created Lord Raglan 20 October 1852
Surveyor-General of the OrdnanceGeorge Berkeley18 June 1852 
Clerk of the OrdnanceFrancis Plunkett Dunne5 March 1852 
Storekeeper of the OrdnanceThomas Hastings25 July 1845continued in office
Paymaster GeneralFitzroy Somerset, Lord Colchester28 February 1852 
President of the Poor Law BoardJohn Trollope, Bt1 March 1852 
Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law BoardFrederick Knight3 March 1852 
Secretary at WarWilliam Beresford28 February 1852 
Attorney GeneralFrederic Thesiger27 February 1852 
Solicitor GeneralFitzroy Kelly27 February 1852 
Judge Advocate GeneralGeorge Bankes28 February 1852 
Lord AdvocateAdam Anderson28 February 1852 
John Inglis19 May 1852
Solicitor General for ScotlandJohn Inglis28 February 1852 
Charles Neaves24 May 1852
Attorney General for IrelandJoseph NapierFebruary 1852 
Solicitor General for IrelandJames WhitesideFebruary 1852 
Lord Steward of the HouseholdJames Graham, Duke of Montrose27 February 1852 
Lord Chamberlain of the HouseholdBrownlow Cecil, Marquess of Exeter27 February 1852 
Vice-Chamberlain of the HouseholdOrlando Bridgeman, Viscount Newport5 March 1852 
Master of the HorseGeorge Child-Villiers, Earl of Jersey1 March 1852 
Treasurer of the HouseholdLord Claud Hamilton27 February 1852 
Comptroller of the HouseholdGeorge Weld-Forester27 February 1852 
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-ArmsJohn Montagu, Earl of Sandwich27 February 1852 
Captain of the Yeomen of the GuardLord William FitzGerald-de Ros27 February 1852 
Master of the BuckhoundsJames St Clair-Erskine, Earl of Rosslyn28 February 1852 
Chief Equerry and Clerk MarshalLord Charles Colville of Culross28 February 1852 
Mistress of the RobesAnne Murray, Duchess of Atholl16 March 1852 
Lords in WaitingGeorge Douglas, Earl of Morton2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852 
James Grimston, Earl of Verulam2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Cornwallis Maude, Viscount Hawarden2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
George Monckton-Arundell, Viscount Galway2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Edward Crofton, Lord Crofton2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Henry Hepburne-Scott, Lord Polwarth2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852
Henry Chetwynd-Talbot, Earl Talbot2 March 1852 – 17 December 1852

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Tout, T. F. . An advanced history of Great Britain from the earliest times to the death of Edward VII . Thomas Frederick Tout . Longmans, Green . New York . 1910 . 740-741 . 13991885M .
  2. Web site: Biography-Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869) . Bloy . Marjorie . A Web of English History . 2011 . 6 April 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110514090500/http://www.historyhome.co.uk/pms/derby.htm. 14 May 2011. live.
  3. Web site: A Web of English History. 4 June 2011.