Tornado outbreak sequence of June 14–19, 2023 explained

Duration:June 14–19, 2023
Tornadoes:93
Fujita-Scale:EF3
Winds:150mph (Louin, Mississippi EF3 on June 18)
Largest Hail:4.75inches near Caledonia, Mississippi on June 16
Deaths:4 (+1 non-tornadic)
Injuries:~120
Damage:$3.5 billion (2023 USD)[1]
Outages:1,005,000[2]
Season:tornado outbreaks of 2023

A multi-day period of significant tornado and severe weather activity occurred across the Southern United States, Ohio Valley, and southern High Plains in mid-June 2023. Starting on June 14, tornadoes occurred in Texas, Alabama, and Georgia, where they caused large-scale damage to trees and structures.[3] The tornado outbreak continued on June 15, where tornadoes occurred in five states, including one EF3 tornado which moved directly through the center of Perryton, Texas, causing major damage and three fatalities.[4] More tornadoes touched down on June 16 in the southern and northeastern United States, including an unusual anticyclonic tornado in Mobile and Baldwin counties in Alabama, where the tornado itself was associated with the anticyclonic bookend vortex of a powerful mesoscale convective system. More tornadoes occurred on June 17 and 18, including another EF3 tornado near Louin, Mississippi that destroyed numerous homes and other buildings, killed one person, and injured twenty-five others. This outbreak sequence was unusual in the sense that it produced strong tornadoes in the Deep South in June, despite the region's peak tornado season being March through mid-May, along with the autumn months.[5]

Meteorological synopsis

On June 12, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issued a level 3/enhanced risk of severe weather for June 14 across the Mid-South and eastern Gulf Coast states, and also highlighted the threat for significant severe weather across the risk area.[6] Mid-level atmospheric flow was beginning to become broadly confluent, while a low pressure system situated north of the Great Lakes began to weaken and move east. Higher moisture content was confined to the south of a remnant surface front, and convective instability increased in the risk area due to the eastward advection of warm elevated mixed-layer air across the Mississippi River Valley. A 5 percent tornado risk was introduced in the SPC's Day 2 outlook for June 14 across Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia, and also included a 30 percent risk for wind and hail, which the latter included a significant threat.[7] In the morning hours of June 14, the SPC upgraded the enhanced risk to a moderate risk, and included a significant 10 percent risk for tornadoes across southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia, as well as a significant 45 percent risk for wind and a significant 30 percent risk for hail across the southern United States.[8] A few hours later, tornado watches were issued for Alabama and Georgia,[9] [10] and a Particularly dangerous situation severe thunderstorm watch was issued for northeastern Louisiana, southeastern Arkansas, and Mississippi.[11]

On June 15, the SPC released an outlook with a moderate risk of severe weather for portions of the High Plains. This outlook included a 10 percent risk for tornadoes along the panhandles of both Texas and Oklahoma. A shortwave trough began to move into the central U.S. Concurrently, an associated 80 kt upper-level jet moved into the southern plains. At the surface, a low area also deepened across the southern High Plains, the same area a prominent cold front was headed. Ahead of the front, surface heating and increasing low-level convergence promoted significant convection.

From June 16–19, the same mid-level trough associated with previous storms continued to rotate around the Mid-Atlantic. Short-wave perturbations related to convergent air movement between a 50kt jet and the strong trough displayed signs of strong storms across the deep south, from Arkansas to Alabama. 3000 J/kg of CAPE was also present, promoting rapid intensification of storms in evening hours.[12] Extreme instability led to unexpected and explosive storm development on almost all dates of the outbreak sequence, sometimes resulting in tornadoes, hail, and wind damage well outside of areas outlined by the Storm Prediction Center. This included 12 tornadoes that occurred in a 0% risk area in Ohio on June 15, three of which were strong.[13]

Confirmed tornadoes

June 14 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Wednesday, June 14, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1W of MorrisClay, QuitmanGA15:37–15:443.63abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted. The tornado continued through areas that were inaccessible to the damage survey team.[14]
EF1Northwestern AbbevilleHenryAL15:40–15:552.14abbr=onNaNabbr=on160abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado struck the northwest side of Abbeville, where an office building and two homes had substantial roof damage, one of which had siding torn off and sustained damage to its porch. Numerous trees were either snapped or uprooted, concrete memorial monuments were knocked over, and multiple outbuildings were destroyed as well.[15]
EF1Southern EufaulaBarbourAL17:09–17:203.89abbr=onNaNabbr=on350abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This high-end EF1 tornado impacted the south edge of Eufaula, where the side of a metal building was ripped off, a church was damaged, and buildings an apartment complex had roofing material torn off. A log cabin style home was unroofed, other homes sustained less severe roof damage, and numerous trees were snapped or uprooted, one of which landed on and damaged a home. The tornado dissipated over Walter F. George Lake.[16] Web site: Clayton Road EF-1 Tornado (Barbour County) June 14, 2023 . June 15, 2023 . weather.gov . NWS Birmingham . January 7, 2024 .
EF2E of Wright Patman Lake to NNE of BloomburgCassTX17:43–17:548.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on500abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This strong tornado first touched down on the eastern banks of Wright Patman Lake. A home had part of its roof blown off and an industrial building was heavily damaged, with its roof and multiple walls being destroyed. Hundreds of large trees were snapped or uprooted, and multiple vehicles were flipped on US 59 before the tornado dissipated near the Arkansas state line.[17]
EF2SSW of Blakely to NE of NicholasvilleEarly, BakerGA18:04–18:4118.88abbr=onNaNabbr=on700abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Two homes sustained major roof damage, several large metal-framed sheds were destroyed, a barn collapsed, and a double-wide manufactured home lost its roof and some exterior walls. A few other homes and mobile homes were damaged to a lesser degree. A chain-link fence was damaged, a wooden fence was blown down, and many large trees were snapped or uprooted along the path. The tornado dissipated immediately after crossing into Baker County.[18]
EF1NNW of NewtonBakerGA18:54–19:153.6abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A pivot irrigation system was flipped and numerous trees were downed.[19]
EF0NNW of AshburnTurnerGA19:45–19:460.09abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A storm spotter reported a brief tornado touchdown in a rural area. No damage was reported.[20]
EF1N of Pachitla (1st tornado)RandolphGA21:40–21:431.36abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado damaged a church, a manufactured home, and the roof of a house. Several stands of trees were also damaged. This tornado occurred simultaneously with another EF1 tornado at a distance of less than 500yd.[21]
EF1N of Pachitla (2nd tornado)RandolphGA21:40–21:433.26abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A grain silo was partially destroyed, several houses and manufactured homes were damaged, and trees were damaged as well. This tornado occurred simultaneously with another EF1 tornado at a distance of less than 500yd.[22]
EF0BerrienGA22:35–22:360.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado was spotted. No damage was reported.[23]
EF0WSW of LeefieldBullochGA23:08–23:090.19abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several trees were snapped or uprooted by this brief tornado.[24]
EF1S of TusculumEffinghamGA23:27–23:357.04abbr=onNaNabbr=on280abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado snapped or uprooted numerous trees and removed small amounts of roof fascia and shingles from a few homes. The tornado was accompanied by a large swath of straight-line wind damage along its southern flank.[25]

June 15 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Thursday, June 15, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0NE of FaxonComanche, CottonOK21:58–22:083.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees and shingles were damaged by this weak tornado.[26]
EF2S of Perryton (1st tornado)OchiltreeTX22:02–22:3517.35abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An unusually strong and long-lived landspout tornado remained over mostly open grassland. It snapped power poles along SH 70, which was the basis for the low-end EF2 rating. Some prairie scrub brush was ripped out of the ground as well. An EF0 landspout tornado occurred simultaneously with this tornado.[27]
EF2Northern ToledoLucasOH22:06–22:102abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado touched down in the northern part of Toledo, causing extensive damage in the Point Place neighborhood. The second floor of a medical laboratory building was mostly destroyed, an automotive business suffered major damage, and a storage barn collapsed. Windows were blown out of a strip mall and a gas station convenience store as well. Numerous power poles and large trees were snapped, some of which fell onto homes, power lines, and vehicles. The tornado lifted over the Maumee River.[28] [29]
EF3PerrytonOchiltreeTX22:06–22:176.31abbr=onNaNabbr=on880abbr=onNaNabbr=on
3 deaths – A large and intense cone tornado touched down northwest of Perryton and moved southeastward toward town. The tornado first crossed Loop 143 and struck a mobile home park, completely destroying multiple mobile homes, killing one person, and igniting a fire in the remaining rubble. Several cars were rolled, and debris was scattered throughout the area. The tornado continued southeast into residential parts of Perryton, where dozens of frame homes and mobile homes were heavily damaged or destroyed and severe tree damage occurred. The tornado then reached its peak intensity and moved directly through downtown Perryton at the intersection of US 83 and SH 15, destroying multiple retail stores, downing a cell tower, and bending a 200-foot self-supported microwave tower in half. Several brick buildings partially collapsed or were severely damaged in the downtown area, including a food bank where another person was killed. Streets were littered with debris, vehicles were destroyed, and heavy machinery was knocked over at a grain facility. The Perryton City Shop and a nearby metal building were badly damaged, and a third fatality occurred at Perryton Printing Co, which was almost completely leveled and had only a few interior walls left standing. Buildings were also destroyed at a lumber and hardware business, and a church was heavily damaged. The tornado then damaged or destroyed additional homes in neighborhoods east of downtown Perryton and then moved into an industrial area at the east edge of town, destroying large industrial buildings. Along Loop 143, a guyed communications tower was toppled, two tanker trucks were tossed, and numerous metal fuel tanks were thrown, seven of which were found in a pond outside of town. The tornado then caused minor ground scouring as it exited Perryton and tracked into an open field, damaging a grain silo and some farming equipment before it rapidly weakened and dissipated. In all, the tornado damaged or destroyed nearly 200 homes and injured at least 100 people.[30]
EF1Detroit Beach to SW of Estral BeachMonroeMI22:09–22:184.77abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado touched down in Detroit Beach and moved northeast through Woodland Beach. Numerous trees and tree limbs were downed in both communities, some of which landed on cars and homes. Minor tree limb damage occurred near the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station before the tornado moved offshore and dissipated over Lake Erie.[31]
EF0S of GeronimoCottonOK22:10–22:121.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado caused minor damage to barns and shingles.[32]
EFUWNW of DuncanStephensOK22:11–22:130.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Weather spotters reported a tornado that caused no damage.[33]
EF0S of Perryton (2nd tornado)OchiltreeTX22:12–22:3012.26abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This landspout tornado, which occurred simultaneously with the larger EF2 Perryman landspout tornado, remained over mostly open grassland as it tracked about a NaNmiles south of the stronger tornado. No damage was reported.[34]
EF0Maumee Bay State ParkLucasOH22:280.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A waterspout developed over Maumee Bay and moved onshore as a tornado at Maumee Bay State Park, toppling several dead trees, snapping tree branches, and damaging a boardwalk.[35] [36]
EF0E of Empire CityStephensOK22:34–22:360.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A storm chaser observed a tornado. No damage was reported.[37]
EF1Southwestern ComancheStephensOK22:37–22:380.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado formed and moved into the southwest side of Comanche. Trees were downed and outbuilding was damaged just outside of town, while an apartment building was damaged in town.[38]
EF2S of Oak HarborOttawaOH22:49–22:583.45abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado damaged five homes, a couple of which were totally unroofed, including one that had its attached garage and second floor exterior walls ripped off. Barns and outbuildings were completely destroyed, debris was scattered across fields, and trees were twisted and snapped. A vehicle was damaged by flying debris, and as many as 10 cattle were killed.[39] [40]
EF1NE of LindseySanduskyOH22:57–22:580.15abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A very brief tornado toppled seven trees, two of which landed on a home. One more tree was snapped at its base.[41]
EFUNE of SugdenJeffersonOK22:58–23:000.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Storm chasers observed a tornado. No damage was reported.[42]
EF1WNW of LocoStephensOK23:03–23:051.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado uprooted and snapped trees along its path.[43]
EF2SE of Loco to NW of HealdtonStephens, JeffersonOK23:16–23:294.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on1000abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A small, unanchored block foundation home and a mobile home were swept away and completely destroyed by this large and slow-moving tornado, and debris was scattered across a nearby field. A well-built home sustained considerable roof damage, a nearby detached garage had much of its roofing torn off, and several other homes had less severe roof and window damage. Multiple outbuildings were damaged or destroyed, many trees were snapped or uprooted, and power poles were snapped as well.[44] [45]
EF0NE of VickerySanduskyOH23:18–23:190.33abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado partially removed the metal roof of an outbuilding, and metal roofing was thrown into a field. Shingles were torn off the roof of a home and a power pole was snapped.[46] [47]
EF1S of Higgins, TXLipscomb (TX), Ellis (OK)TX, OK23:29–23:36≥4.79abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Storm chasers documented a photogenic cone tornado that moved over open county grasslands before crossing into Oklahoma, where it caused damage to trees.[48] [49]
EF0Northern BellevueSanduskyOH23:40–23:420.93abbr=onNaNabbr=on500abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado downed several power poles, uprooted trees, and snapped large tree branches as it moved through the north side of Bellevue.[50] [51]
EF0St. George IslandFranklinFL23:43–23:480.44abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A waterspout made landfall on the western end of Saint George Island, causing minor damage to a home.[52]
EFUSW of DurhamRoger MillsOK23:47–23:501abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A storm chaser reported a tornado. No known damage occurred.[53]
EF2S of Monroeville to Peru Township to W of Fairfield TownshipHuronOH23:47–00:048.89abbr=onNaNabbr=on2200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This large EF2 tornado heavily damaged several houses and was over a mile wide at times. One house was shifted off its foundation and had a garage wall blown out, while a car at another home was lifted and moved. Barns, outbuildings, and silos were heavily damaged or completely destroyed, and debris was scattered up to 0.25miles away. A piece of slate roofing was also torn off of a building and impaled into a tree, projectiles were left embedded in the ground, and a metal flag pole was completely bent over. Many trees were snapped, uprooted, or stripped of their limbs, and power poles were also snapped along the path.[54]
EF0S of MonroevilleHuronOH23:50–23:531.73abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tree was uprooted and several large branches were snapped.[55]
EF1N of North Fairfield to Greenwich TownshipHuronOH23:59–00:179.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on1100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large high-end EF1 tornado formed north of North Fairfield and moved south into town, where homes had roofing material torn off or were damaged by falling trees, a large sign was ripped off a building, and power and light poles were damaged. The most intense damage occurred outside of town, where a mobile home and the second floor of a two-story house were heavily damaged, and many trees and several power poles were snapped. Multiple silos were heavily damaged, outbuildings had their roofs removed, and an old barn collapsed.[56]
EF0W of North FairfieldHuronOH00:03–00:040.66abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Some tree damage occurred as a result of this brief, weak tornado.[57]
EF1N of GreenwichHuronOH00:18–00:244.05abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado struck a grain facility at the beginning of its path, damaging or knocking over large metal silos and storage tanks. A small office building, an outbuilding, and some equipment was also damaged at this location. Damage along the remainder of the path was limited to downed trees and tree limbs.
EF0NE of MariettaLoveOK00:26–00:270.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A research meteorologist observed a tornado that caused minor tree damage.[58]
EF0NE of NankinAshlandOH00:47–00:491.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The roof of a house was damaged, a barn lost part of its roof, and a chicken coop was damaged as well. An outbuilding had its walls and garage door pushed out, with insulation thrown into a field. In addition, several trees were downed, with their branches snapped.[59]
EF1SE of HenriettaClayTX01:02–01:082.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large tree was downed, an outbuilding was destroyed, and one house suffered roof damage.[60]
EF2West Pensacola to Pensacola BeachEscambia, Santa RosaFL01:35–02:088.58abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado was embedded in a larger area of straight-line wind damage, and first snapped trees and downed tree limbs as it moved southeastward along an intermittent path through West Pensacola and Warrington. Additional tree damage occurred at the Pensacola Country Club before it crossed Pensacola Bay, passing just west of Gulf Breeze. The tornado strengthened and then moved onshore at Pensacola Beach, inflicting significant damage to homes that were built to withstand major hurricanes. This included several homes that had siding and a substantial amount of roofing torn off, and several others that had garage doors blown in and destroyed, leading to the failure of exterior walls. One home that was under construction had its entire top floor and roof removed, and a large dumpster weighing several hundred pounds was tossed up to 70yd. At least two boats were tossed, one of which was found 30yd from its boat lift, while the second was thrown an unknown distance into the water and then floated to Deer Point, which is located about 1miles away. The tornado then moved offshore into the Gulf of Mexico before dissipating.[61]

June 16 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Friday, June 16, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0W of LoxleyBaldwinAL05:21–05:220.29abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Intermittent tree damage occurred, including two trees that were uprooted.[62]
EF0NE of MandalayTaylorFL05:31–05:402.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF0 tornado occurred in a heavily wooded area.[63]
EF0SW of Cabbage GroveTaylorFL05:43–05:450.97abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado touched down, causing tree damage.[64]
EF1S of Panola, TX to NW of Keatchie, LAPanola (TX), Caddo (LA)TX, LA06:15–06:257.73abbr=onNaNabbr=on844abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado caused widespread tree damage, including one tree that fell on a home.[65] [66]
EF0S of Scanlon to ENE of EconfinaTaylorFL06:20–06:447.23abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A well-defined TDS appeared on radar. Only tree damage occurred.[67]
EF0SW of Hell's Half Acre to S of Goose PastureJefferson, TaylorFL07:09–07:236.37abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees were damaged.[68]
EF0NE of Mandalay to NNW of EnconfinaTaylorFL07:21–07:285.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado damaged trees.[69]
EF0NNE of Scanlon to SE of Cabbage GroveTaylorFL07:30–07:413.42abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
No structures were impacted by this tornado, and damage was limited to trees.[70]
EF1S of PerryTaylorFL07:45–07:501.26abbr=onNaNabbr=on80abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large metal building lost roof panels, a metal porch roof was torn off a house, and an outbuilding had its roof peeled back. An airplane was pushed sideways and moved at Perry–Foley Airport and a sign was also damaged at that location. Trees were snapped and uprooted as well.[71]
EF1S of Vicksburg to W of LearnedWarrenMS09:40–09:478.54abbr=onNaNabbr=on900abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF1 tornado snapped or uprooted numerous trees as it moved through wooded areas south of Vicksburg. One large tree fell on a home.[72]
EF1SE of UticaHindsMS09:55–10:016.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted, and several utility poles and power lines were downed. The tornado may have been anticyclonic based on radar.[73]
EF1E of BucksMobile, BaldwinAL13:00–13:077.23abbr=onNaNabbr=on30abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An unusual anticyclonic tornado snapped and uprooted multiple trees. The tornado was itself associated with the anticyclonic bookend vortex of a powerful mesoscale convective system.[74]
EF1E of Compass to WNW of WagontownChesterPA15:10–15:141.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees were snapped or uprooted and power lines were downed. Falling trees caused damage to a fence and caused a utility pole to snap.[75]
EF0E of Buddtown to SE of New LisbonBurlingtonNJ16:55–17:013.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado snapped or uprooted multiple trees as it moved through a sparsely populated area. One tree fell on a power line.[76]
EFUClearwater BeachPinellasFL20:10unknownunknown
A waterspout moved ashore and injured two people.[77]
EF0Smithfield to S of BartlettIsle of Wight, City of SuffolkVA20:36–20:588.46abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado touched down at the outskirts of Smithfield and moved directly through town, where large tree branches were downed and several homes had roof damage. The tornado continued southeastward through areas outside of town before it dissipated.[78]
EF0NE of HugoLincolnCO22:29–22:30unknown20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado touched down briefly in open country, no damage was observed.[79]

June 17 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Saturday, June 17, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0W of IrvingtonMobileAL05:21–05:283.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on80abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The underskirt of two manufactured homes were damaged, and multiple trees and tree branches were snapped. The corner of a farm outbuilding was torn off and metal debris from the structure was thrown across a road.[80]
EF0NE of ElsanorBaldwinAL21:30–21:473.56abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Some tree limbs were snapped by this weak tornado.[81]
EF0WNW of ThatcherLas AnimasCO21:50–21:532.04abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado was photographed and posted on social media. No damage occurred.[82]
EFUNE of Rotan to NW of HamlinStonewallTX23:18–23:494.29abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous storm chasers reported a tornado over open ranch land. No damage occurred.[83]
EFUNW of HamlinFisherTX23:45–23:551.04abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Law enforcement reported a tornado. It remained over open country and damage occurred.[84]
EF1SW of Rosston to N of LaverneHarperOK00:43–00:507.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A house sustained roof damage at the beginning of the path, while power poles were snapped, tree branches were broken, and trees were uprooted farther along the path. A barn was damaged just north of Laverne, and straight-line winds south of the tornado caused damage in town.[85]
EFUN of BurlingtonAlfalfaOK02:24–02:251.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on30abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado remained primarily over cropland, although it did apparently damage a few trees.[86]

June 18 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Sunday, June 18, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1ENE of Collinsville to WSW of FoyilRogersOK05:40–05:5210.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on1000abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large tornado snapped and uprooted numerous trees, damaged multiple homes and outbuildings, and toppled numerous power poles.[87]
EF1SW of ChelseaRogersOK05:56–06:035.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on800abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted, and numerous power poles were toppled.[88]
EF1S of StrangMayesOK06:09–06:154.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted.[89]
EF2Prairie ViewLoganAR06:12–06:175.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on700abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado impacted areas in and around the rural community of Prairie View, where five chicken houses were completely destroyed and multiple others sustained damage. One outbuilding was flattened and another had its roofing material removed. Roofing was ripped off a house, a two-car garage was blown off its foundation, and many trees were snapped or uprooted.[90]
EF0S of MenifeePerryAR07:12–07:130.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on60abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The roofs of small outbuildings and homes were damaged. A chicken coop was blown apart, part of which was tossed into the window of a nearby manufactured home. A carport was blown sideways, and trees were damaged.[91]
EF0Pine IslandLeeFL15:10–15:110.01abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado that was only on the ground for a few seconds damaged a recently constructed metal outdoor freezer.[92]
EF1ENE of QuitmanClarkeMS15:53–15:552abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado snapped numerous tree branches and downed a few trees. A few trees were downed onto a home and a vehicle, and an outbuilding had a portion of its roof peeled back.[93]
EF0ENE of HarrisburgLinnOR20:30–20:320.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief, weak tornado moved across I-5 before dissipating. No damage was reported.[94]
EF1SW of PocahontasRandolphAR21:57–22:085abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Multiple trees were snapped or uprooted and a large tree branch fell onto the roof of a house.[95]
EF0N of SharonMadisonMS00:37–00:411.6abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado snapped or uprooted multiple trees, damaged the metal roof of a home, and displaced a roof antenna.
EF1RidgelandMadisonMS00:57–00:591.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado touched down in Ridgeland, where an old historic church collapsed after it was pushed off its foundation blocks, while a newer and more well-built church had shingle damage. A few homes also sustained shingle damage and tin was torn from a couple of businesses, some of which was thrown into power lines. A power pole was also downed and a fence was blown over.
EF1N of MortonScottMS01:04–01:186.48abbr=onNaNabbr=on350abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees were snapped as this tornado moved through wooded areas.
EF2SE of Calion to NNE of StrongUnionAR01:15–01:4210.31abbr=onNaNabbr=on1320abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A low-end EF2 tornado impacted a chicken farm, destroying three of the five chicken coops. Nearby barns and outbuildings were damaged as well, and numerous trees were snapped or uprooted. One tree fell on and damaged a manufactured home.[96]
EF1Eastern LangfordRankinMS01:30–01:382abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Multiple trees were uprooted, a utility line was downed, and a home sustained shingle damage.
EF0N of PelahatchieRankinMS01:56–01:591abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Minor tree damage occurred.
EF2SE of FlorenceRankinMS02:05–02:256.06abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several homes sustained minor to moderate roof damage, one of which also had its porch damaged. An outbuilding collapsed and many trees were downed, including numerous hardwood tree trunks that were snapped at low-end EF2 intensity in a wooded area. A fence around a basketball court was toppled as well.
EF0SSE of FlorenceRankinMS02:21–02:230.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A few trees were uprooted and tree limbs were broken.
EF1SSE of PelahatchieRankin, ScottMS02:26–02:395.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado downed numerous trees and tree branches as it impacted wooded areas near the rural communities of Cross Roads and Cooperville.
EF0NW of Raleigh (1st tornado) SmithMS03:24–03:250.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several trees were damaged or downed by this brief, weak tornado.
EF0NW of Raleigh (2nd tornado)SmithMS03:27–03:322.64abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A few trees were downed and tree branches were broken.
EF1SmithMS03:53–04:012.54abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees and a few home sustained minor damage. Multiple power lines were downed as well.
EF1NNW of SylvarenaSmithMS03:59–04:124.48abbr=onNaNabbr=on850abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees and tree limbs were downed.
EF3N of Bay Springs to ENE of LouinJasperMS04:30–04:487.65abbr=onNaNabbr=on1350abbr=onNaNabbr=on
1 death – This large, strong tornado first touched down in an industrial area north of Bay Springs, where multiple large industrial buildings were damaged and a few loading trucks were flipped over. More intense damage occurred at a nearby lumber company, where several well-built metal buildings were completely destroyed and several others were heavily damaged. The tornado then continued to the northeast, destroying outbuildings, toppling wooden double-pole transmission line supports, and completely flattening large swaths of trees in wooded areas. The most significant damage occurred east of Louin, where nearly a dozen frame homes suffered severe structural damage or were destroyed and one person was killed. Some of the homes had their roofs and exterior walls completely removed, while a couple were left with only a few interior walls standing. Multiple mobile homes were also destroyed, a few of which were thrown considerable distances and obliterated. Major tree damage occurred, and four chicken houses were completely destroyed at a chicken farm. The tornado continued through remote forested areas to the northeast of Louin before it dissipated. In addition to the fatality, 25 people were injured.

June 19 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Monday, June 19, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1ColumbiaMarionMS13:49–13:532abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado touched down in Columbia and snapped or uprooted trees. One tree caused roof damage to a home upon falling, and many tree branches were downed as well.
EF1Miramar BeachWaltonFL16:16–16:211.62abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado touched down at a condominium complex in Miramar Beach, where a condo building had a storm shutter torn off and fencing was blown over at a tennis court. Several houses and a business sustained roof damage elsewhere in town, many trees and tree branches were downed, and fences were damaged or destroyed.[97]
EF1WNW of Bon SecourBaldwinAL18:00–18:030.51abbr=onNaNabbr=on230abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A farm building with reinforced hurricane straps had its entire roof ripped off and wrapped around trees. A home's attached garage had about half of its roof removed, and multiple trees were snapped or uprooted. A small outbuilding was destroyed and another outbuilding was damaged.
EF2Moss PointJacksonMS19:51–19:572.65abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF2 tornado caused significant damage as it moved through Moss Point, where numerous homes were damaged and some had roofs and exterior walls torn off. The Merchants & Marine Bank and the First Missionary Baptist Church were both severely damaged and had their roofs torn off, and some apartment buildings also sustained severe damage, one of which had its roof and some second floor exterior walls removed. Moss Point High School, Moss Point Vocational Center, and multiple businesses had considerable roof and exterior damage, detached garages were completely destroyed, and RVs were overturned. Many trees were snapped or uprooted in town, signs were destroyed, and power poles were snapped as well. Six people were injured.[98] After further analysis via high-resolution satellite, the starting point was adjusted to be on the banks of the Pascagoula River, adding 0.51abbr=onNaNabbr=on to the tornado's path.

Non-tornadic effects

Southeastern United States

Flash flooding in Pensacola, Florida, after a tornado in the area, resulted from 9.23inches of rain in five hours, and strong winds blew a tree into a house, killing one person. The flooding in Pensacola prompted a rare flash flood emergency.[99] Rainfall totals in Gulf Breeze, Florida reached as high as 17.03inches of rain, and over 20,000 customers lost power in the county.[100] Wind gusts reached up to 96mph.[101]

The storm system that caused significant damage in Pensacola also affected western Alabama. On the evening of June 16, a storm cluster affected parts of Pickens, Greene, and Tuscaloosa counties, leaving a sizable damage swath. Winds were estimated at NaNmph, with peak gusts of NaNmph. This resulted in thousands of trees being downed from the town of Gordo to the Ralph community, where hundreds of trees were snapped or uprooted along a six-mile-wide path. Several homes in Ralph sustained roof damage, and several garages and outbuildings sustained heavy damage. Debris near Ralph led to the closure of all lanes, eastbound and westbound, on I-20/59. Power outages affected thousands of residents in Tuscaloosa County, which lasted for a few days, and disrupted cell service in many areas.[102] [103] [104]

Northeastern United States

Late on June 15, severe storms resulted in power lines falling on the Ohio Turnpike by Exit 94, shutting the highway down for much of June 16.[105] On June 16, severe thunderstorms in the Northeastern United States led to ground stops at LaGuardia Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport and Philadelphia International Airport.[106] [107] Portions of the Philadelphia metropolitan area received up to NaNinches of rain, prompting a flash flood warning.[108] The storms in Philadelphia also caused a brief delay in repairing a stretch of I-95 following a highway collapse earlier in the week.[109] Further south, a Dierks Bentley concert in Raleigh was delayed due to the storms.[110]

Midwestern United States

On June 18, flash flooding in the Saint Louis metropolitan area resulted in I-55 shutting down.[111] In addition, flooding in Pensacola resulting in Fort Pickens shutting down until June 22.[112] A powerful mesoscale convective system also affected a large swath of northern Oklahoma. Central Oklahoma saw scattered damaging winds and a large amount of power outages, while winds of up to 100mph caused widespread damage across Northeastern Oklahoma, including the Tulsa metropolitan area, and 341,000 power outages occurred.[113] [114]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/events/US/2004-2023?disasters%5B%5D=all-disasters Events: Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters
  2. https://www.reuters.com/world/us/storms-leave-over-664000-without-power-along-us-gulf-coast-2023-06-16/ Factbox: Storms leave over 664,000 without power along U.S. Gulf Coast
  3. Web site: SPC Severe Weather Event Review for Wednesday June 14, 2023 . 2023-06-19 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  4. Web site: SPC Severe Weather Event Review for Thursday June 15, 2023 . 2023-06-19 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  5. Web site: Damage Assessment Toolkit. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  6. Web site: Storm Prediction Center Jun 12, 2023 0730 UTC Day 3 Severe Thunderstorm Outlook . 2023-06-20 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  7. Web site: Storm Prediction Center Jun 13, 2023 1730 UTC Day 2 Convective Outlook . 2023-06-20 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  8. Web site: Storm Prediction Center Jun 14, 2023 1300 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook . 2023-06-20 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  9. Web site: Storm Prediction Center Tornado Watch 291 . 2023-06-20 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  10. Web site: Storm Prediction Center Tornado Watch 292 . 2023-06-20 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  11. Web site: Storm Prediction Center PDS Severe Thunderstorm Watch 293 . 2023-06-20 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  12. Web site: SPC Severe Weather Event Review for Friday June 16, 2023 . 2023-06-23 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  13. Web site: SPC Severe Weather Event Review for Friday June 16, 2023 . 2023-06-23 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  14. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  15. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  16. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  17. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  18. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  19. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  20. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  21. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  22. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  23. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  24. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  25. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  26. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  27. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  28. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 near Toledo, OH. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  29. Web site: June 15, 2023 Severe Weather & Tornadoes . June 15, 2023 . weather.gov . NWS Cleveland . January 7, 2024.
  30. Web site: Texas town devastated by tornado, 5 dead across South from severe weather . Shapiro . Emily . June 16, 2023. abcnews.gp.com . ABC News . January 14, 2024.
  31. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  32. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  33. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  34. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  35. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 near Maumee Bay State Park in Lucas County OH. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 30, 2023. July 2, 2023.
  36. Web site: June 15, 2023 Severe Weather & Tornadoes . June 15, 2023 . weather.gov . NWS Cleveland . January 7, 2024.
  37. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  38. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  39. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 near Oak Harbor, OH. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  40. Web site: June 15, 2023 Severe Weather & Tornadoes . June 15, 2023 . weather.gov . NWS Cleveland . January 7, 2024.
  41. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 Tornado Event in Rice Township, Ohio. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  42. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  43. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  44. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  45. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  46. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 Tornado Event in Sandusky County Ohio. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  47. Web site: June 15, 2023 Severe Weather & Tornadoes . June 15, 2023 . weather.gov . NWS Cleveland . January 7, 2024.
  48. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  49. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  50. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 Tornado in Bellevue, Ohio. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  51. Web site: June 15, 2023 Severe Weather & Tornadoes . June 15, 2023 . weather.gov . NWS Cleveland . January 7, 2024.
  52. National Weather Service in Tallahassee, Florida. NWS Damage Survey for 6/14/23 Tornado Event Update #1. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 22, 2023. June 22, 2023.
  53. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  54. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey updated Peru Township in Huron County, Ohio on June 15. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 23, 2023. June 23, 2023.
  55. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for Tornado Northeast of Peru June 15, 2023. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 23, 2023. June 23, 2023.
  56. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Cleveland Confirms Three Tornadoes in Huron County Ohio. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  57. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 East Greenfield Township. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 23, 2023. June 23, 2023.
  58. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  59. National Weather Service in Cleveland, Ohio. NWS Damage Survey for June 15, 2023 near Nankin, OH. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  60. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  61. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  62. National Weather Service in Mobile, Alabama. NWS Damage Survey for 6/16/23 and 6/19/23 Loxley and Magnolia Springs Tornadoes. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 21, 2023. June 21, 2023.
  63. Web site: Tornado Archive . tornadoarchive.com . 24 March 2024.
  64. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  65. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  66. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  67. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  68. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  69. Web site: Tornado Archive . tornadoarchive.com . 24 March 2024.
  70. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  71. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  72. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  73. National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. NWS Damage Survey for 06/16/23 Tornado Event. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  74. National Weather Service in Mobile, Alabama. NWS Damage Survey for 06/16/23 Tornado Event. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 16, 2023. June 16, 2023.
  75. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  76. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  77. Web site: Tornado Archive . tornadoarchive.com . 24 March 2024.
  78. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  79. Web site: Tornado Archive . tornadoarchive.com . 24 March 2024.
  80. National Weather Service in Mobile, Alabama. NWS Damage Survey for 06/17/2023 Irvington Alabama Tornado Event. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 18, 2023. June 18, 2023.
  81. National Weather Service in Mobile, Alabama. NWS Damage Survey for 06/17/2023 Irvington Alabama Tornado Event. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 18, 2023. June 18, 2023.
  82. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  83. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  84. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  85. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  86. National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2024. January 31, 2024.
  87. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  88. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  89. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  90. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  91. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  92. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  93. National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. NWS Damage Survey for 06/18/23 Tornado Event. Iowa Environmental Mesonet. June 29, 2023. June 29, 2023.
  94. National Weather Service in Portland, Oregon. Oregon Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. December 18, 2023.
  95. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  96. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  97. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  98. Web site: Storm Events Database . 18 September 2023.
  99. https://www.foxweather.com/weather-news/flash-flood-emergency-in-effect-for-pensacola-florida-as-a-foot-of-rain-falls-in-hours Flash Flood Emergency prompts water rescues in Pensacola, Florida, as foot of rain falls in hours
  100. https://www.upi.com/amp/Top_News/US/2023/06/17/Pensacola-Florida-reels-wake-deadly-tornado-record-rainfall/9341687010564/ Pensacola, Fla., surveys damage after deadly tornado, record rainfall
  101. News: Severe Weather Parade Continues In The South Into Early Week As Concerns For Flooding Increase . June 19, 2023 . Weather Underground.
  102. Web site: US Department of Commerce . NOAA . Text Products for PNS Issued by BMX . 2023-06-23 . forecast.weather.gov . EN-US.
  103. Web site: Delcambre . Shannon . 2023-06-17 . Storm debris closes all lanes of Interstate 59/20 in Tuscaloosa County . 2023-06-23 . WVTM . en.
  104. Web site: Dethrage . Stephen. 2023-06-18 . Ralph and Fosters "In Desperate Need of Help" After Possible Tornado Friday . 2023-06-23 . Tuscaloosa Thread . en.
  105. https://fox8.com/news/portion-of-ohio-turnpike-closed-in-sandusky-county/ Ohio Turnpike lane to stay closed for storm repairs
  106. https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/16/business/juneteenth-flight-delay/index.html Storms delay thousands of flights on busy Juneteenth weekend
  107. https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2023/06/16/more-smoke-expected-after-thunderstorms-in-new-york-city Flights delayed across NYC as storms move through
  108. https://www.inquirer.com/weather/philadelphia-weather-tornado-thunderstorm-wind-forecast-20230616.html?outputType=amp Tornadoes confirmed in Chester County and South Jersey
  109. https://6abc.com/interstate-95-collapse-i-95-rebuild-project-construction-reopening/13391571/ Storm causes brief delay in Interstate 95 reconstruction
  110. https://www.wral.com/story/severe-weather-causes-power-outages-and-concert-delays-in-raleigh/20914607/ Severe weather causes power outages and concert delays in Raleigh
  111. News: Flash flooding shutters I-55 near Loughborough . June 20, 2023 . KSDK . June 18, 2023.
  112. Web site: 2023-06-23 . Fort Pickens Campground, Gulf Islands National Seashore - Recreation.gov . 2023-06-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230623172321/https://www.recreation.gov/camping/campgrounds/234704 . 2023-06-23 .
  113. Web site: World . Kirsten Lang Tulsa . 2023-06-19 . 100 mph winds advisory a first, National Weather Service Tulsa says as surveyors review damage . 2023-06-22 . Tulsa World . en.
  114. Web site: June 18, 2023 . Over 800k electric customers are without power across the Southern USA due to severe weather continuing to move through the region. With 341k out in #Oklahoma. . 2023-06-22 . Twitter . en.