Tornado outbreak of January 21–23, 1999 explained

Tornado outbreak of January 21–23, 1999
Type:Tornado outbreak
Active:January 21–23, 1999
Tornadoes:128 confirmed
Fujitascale:F4
Tornado Duration:46 hours
Total Fatalities:9 fatalities, 162 injuries
Damages:$90.5 million
Affected:Midwestern and Southern United States
Partof:Tornadoes of 1999

The largest tornado outbreak on record to occur during the month of January struck the Midwestern and Southern United States between January 21–23, 1999. The outbreak mostly took place across the Mississippi River Valley. Over the course of roughly two days, 128 tornadoes touched down across the region, resulting in widespread damage. Nine people were killed by the tornadoes. The outbreak is best known for an F3 that struck Little Rock, Arkansas, killing three people.__TOC__

Meteorological synopsis

On January 21, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issued a High risk of severe weather across much of central and eastern Arkansas, southwestern Tennessee, northeastern Louisiana, and much of northern and western Mississippi. The organization warned of the potential for a widespread severe weather outbreak, including several long-tracked and intense tornadoes.[1] The meteorological setup unfolded as a broad upper-level trough, with its axis across the Central United States, rapidly amplified in conjunction with a 175mph jet streak across the southern Rockies. Substantial height falls—implying cooling in the mid layers of the atmosphere—coupled with the sharpening trough allowed for strong divergence to overspread the highest risk area. At the surface, a deepening area of low pressure initially centered near the Texas–Oklahoma border early on January 21 deepened and accelerated eastward, reaching the Arkansas–Missouri border during the overnight hours. A dry line extended southward across eastern Texas, providing increased mechanisms for rising air as it combined with a cold front and pushed eastward into Arkansas.[2]

As the upper-level trough rapidly intensified, 500mb winds increased to 70– and 850mb winds topped 70mph across the High risk area. The combination of speed shear and adequate directional shear (noted by curved low-level hodographs) led to 0–3 km storm relative helicities of 300–500 m2/s2, favorable for rotating thunderstorms. A capping inversion, qualified by cold and dry air aloft, initially prevented the formation of thunderstorms and instead allowed substantial surface heating. Surface-based CAPE values of 1500–2000 j/kg and most unstable CAPE values of 1000–2000 j/kg became prevalent across the broad warm sector. Low-level moisture transported northward from the Gulf of Mexico resulted in dewpoints in the low- to mid-60s °F by the afternoon hours.[3] With continually strengthening wind fields, the capping inversion steadily weakened,[4] and several tornadic supercells formed across Arkansas. In addition to the tornado outbreak, steep 850–500mb lapse rates, ranging from 6.5 to 7.5 c/km, contributed to a favorable environment for gigantic hail and widespread damaging winds. Nine reports of hail over 2.51inches were received by the SPC.[5]

Confirmed tornadoes

January 21 event

F#LocationCountyTime (UTC)Path lengthDamage
Arkansas
bgcolor=# F1S of LerchLafayette21109 miles
(15 km)
Little damage reported, primarily to trees.
bgcolor=# F0N of CorneliusLafayette21331 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado remained in woodlands. Roads were blocked by trees but no buildings were damaged.
bgcolor=# F0NE of LerchLafayette21381 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado remained in woodlands. No damage.
bgcolor=# F0S of GenoaMiller21454 miles
(6.4 km)
Tornado track remained in unpopulated farmlands.
bgcolor=# F2SE of NaylorFaulkner, White215710 miles
(16 km)
Two manufactured homes were destroyed, along with two hay barns. The roof of a church was also damaged. Seven people were injured.
bgcolor=# F1S of Princeton (1st tornado)Dallas22297 miles
(11 km)
Damage limited to many trees along its path.
bgcolor=# F3S of Princeton (2nd tornado)Dallas222911 miles
(17 km)
Powerful and large tornado remained over rural areas, however, it obliterated a NaNmiles swath of trees along its path.
bgcolor=# F1Evening StarGreene223011 miles
(17 km)
12 houses were damaged or destroyed. A church was also heavily damaged.
bgcolor=# F0Hickory RidgeCross2233unknownBrief touchdown with no damage, but hundreds of geese killed.
bgcolor=# F3Sunnydale areaWhite, Independence223819 miles
(31 km)
Strong tornado up to NaNmiles wide damaged or destroyed many houses, including several flattened trailers. Extensive damage also to trees. Two people were injured.
bgcolor=# F0E of Knobel (1st tornado)Clay224512 miles
(20 km)
Minor damage reported to one house.
bgcolor=# F2Center Hill areaWhite22468 miles
(13 km)
2 deaths – Tornado followed the Highway 305 corridor. Several mobile homes were thrown and destroyed, killing two occupants. Many other houses were damaged. Two others were injured.
bgcolor=# F1NE of MaconPulaski, Faulkner, Lonoke, White22498 miles
(13 km)
One house suffered a damaged roof and a mobile home was damaged. Extensive tree damage along the path.
bgcolor=# F2Oil Trough areaIndependence225520 miles
(32 km)
Several houses were damaged or destroyed, along with numerous outbuildings. Widespread damage to trees and power lines. Three people were injured.
bgcolor=# F3S of BrinkleyMonroe, St. Francis230236 miles
(57 km)
Long-track tornado flattened one house and destroyed 20 others along its path, plus numerous farm buildings and outbuildings. Several transmission towers were knocked down. Nine people were injured.
bgcolor=# F4E of Knobel (2nd tornado)Clay230516 miles
(26 km)
Violent tornado flattened two houses and damaged several others along its path. Two tractor trailers were destroyed.
bgcolor=# F1White Hall areaJefferson231114 miles
(23 km)
Several houses damaged and barns destroyed before tracking into the Pine Bluff Arsenal. Several buildings were damaged on the Arsenal, primarily to roofs. After crossing the Arkansas River, several more houses damaged. Four people were injured.
bgcolor=# F0Garret GroveLee2325unknownBrief touchdown with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F0GoodwinSt. Francis2325unknownBrief touchdown in town. Some minor damage reported.
bgcolor=# F1E of TuckerJefferson, Lonoke233016 miles
(26 km)
Several buildings damaged on the grounds of the Arkansas State Penitentiary. Significant tree damage along the path.
bgcolor=# F1S of DonaldsonHot Spring23342 miles
(3.2 km)
Minimal damage, mostly to trees.
bgcolor=# F1SE of DonaldsonHot Spring23374 miles
(6.4 km)
Formed as the previous tornado dissipated. No significant damage.
bgcolor=# F1S of RomanceWhite23381 mile
(1.6 km)
Several houses suffered minor roof damage.
bgcolor=# F2Joy areaWhite234710-mile
(16 km)
Several buildings were damaged, including an antique store and a fire department building. Several outbuildings were destroyed. Extensive tree damage was reported.
bgcolor=# F0W of HoxieLawrence0000unknownShort-lived tornado with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F3NE of Oil TroughIndependence, Jackson, Lawrence000539 miles
(62 km)
Powerful tornado remained in rural areas. Extensive and severe damage to trees with swaths of forests up to 1/2-mile wide obliterated.
bgcolor=# F2W of HazenPrairie00137 miles
(11 km)
One house was destroyed and several others suffered varying degrees of damage.
bgcolor=# F0W of ColtSt. Francis0015unknownBrief tornado with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F3SE of MalvernHot Spring, Grant001811 miles
(17 km)
Tornado remained in mostly rural areas with extensive damage to trees. One chicken house was destroyed.
bgcolor=# F2Pleasant Plains areaWhite, Independence002011 miles
(17 km)
1 death – At least 30 houses, several businesses, a church and several barns were damaged, and a trailer was destroyed – killing an occupant.
bgcolor=# F1Des Arc areaPrairie002117 miles
(28 km)
Several buildings sustained minor damage, with the most impact on trees and power lines.
bgcolor=# F3Little Rock area (1st tornado)Saline, Pulaski002422 miles
(35 km)
3 deathsSee section on this tornado
bgcolor=# F2Little Rock area (2nd tornado)Pulaski, Lonoke004211 miles
(17 km)
See section on this tornado
bgcolor=# F1E of PalatkaClay00501 mile
(1.6 km)
Short-lived tornado that damaged several houses.
bgcolor=# F1E of SidonWhite, Cleburne005410 miles
(16 km)
One woodworking plant was destroyed, and several outbuildings were also damaged. Trees and power lines were knocked down.
bgcolor=# F0W of PattersonWoodruff01024 miles
(6.4 km)
Tornado remained over rural countryside; no damage reported.
bgcolor=# F0NW of Walnut RidgeLawrence0105unknownBrief tornado touchdown with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F0W of BloomerSebastian01111 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado reported by spotters at Highways 22 and 96. No damage reported.
bgcolor=# F1E of WardLonoke01182 miles
(3.2 km)
Short-lived tornado that damaged 15 houses. One mobile home was heavily damaged, and several sheds and outbuildings were destroyed. One person was injured.
bgcolor=# F2Corning areaClay01257 miles
(11 km)
Several houses sustained heavy damage. The Corning airport also sustained significant damage, with several hangars and airplanes destroyed.
bgcolor=# F3Beebe areaWhite01258 miles
(13 km)
2 deaths – Severe tornado touched down in the area. The Beebe Junior High School was heavily damaged, along with a church and fire hall. Many houses were damaged or destroyed, and gas leaks were reported in Beebe. 29 others were injured by this tornado, which was up to NaNmiles wide.
bgcolor=# F2Newark areaIndependence01337 miles
(11 km)
Damage was reported to over 100 houses, several businesses and a church – mostly to roofs. Several trailers were destroyed.
bgcolor=# F0S of JacksonvillePulaski01591 mile
(1.6 km)
Brief tornado touchdown with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F0E of LanieveCraighead02105 miles
(8 km)
Tornado remained in rural areas with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F2Washington areaHempstead021321 miles
(33 km)
Damage mostly to trees, including several large trees that fell onto several houses causing some structural damage.
bgcolor=# F1Newport areaJackson, Independence02209 miles
(15 km)
Minor damage reported, mostly caused by falling trees. Three people were injured.
bgcolor=# F0MarmadukeGreene0250unknownBrief tornado touchdown. Damage limited to trees and power lines.
bgcolor=# F0W of EgyptCraighead, Lawrence02557 miles
(11 km)
Three houses were damaged and an antenna was knocked over. One person was injured.
bgcolor=# F0Schug areaCraighead, Greene03406 miles
(9.6 km)
Two houses suffered minor structural damage. Several trees were also knocked over.
bgcolor=# F0WilsonMississippi0355unknownBrief tornado touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0NW of BayCraighead04003 miles
(4.8 km)
Tornado remained in rural areas. Several trees blown down.
Mississippi
bgcolor=# F1E of MalvinaBolivar21102 miles
(3.2 km)
Two mobile homes were destroyed, and minor damage was reported to several other houses.
bgcolor=# F1ClevelandBolivar21162 miles
(3.2 km)
One mobile home was overturned. Damage also reported to a business.
bgcolor=# F0NE of ShawBolivar, Sunflower03343 miles
(4.8 km)
Weak tornado remained in open areas. No damage reported.
bgcolor=# F0SE of Boyle (1st tornado)Bolivar, Sunflower033413 miles
(21 km)
Tornado tracked through many open areas. No damage reported.
bgcolor=# F1NE of ShawWashington04333 miles
(4.8 km)
Minor damage reported to a mobile home and several outbuildings.
bgcolor=# F0SE of GreenvilleWashington04401 mile
(1.6 km)
Short-lived tornado sighted but remained in open fields.
bgcolor=# F0S of BelzoniHumphreys04453 miles
(4.8 km)
Minor damage limited to trees.
bgcolor=# F0NE of Curtis StationPanola04458 miles
(13 km)
One mobile home removed from its foundation.
bgcolor=# F0SenatobiaTate04597 miles
(11 km)
Tornado remained in open areas. Damage was minimal.
bgcolor=# F2Blaine areaSunflower050215 miles
(24 km)
Five houses were heavily damaged. One mobile home was destroyed and another was damaged. Two churches were also destroyed.
bgcolor=# F0SE of Boyle (2nd tornado)Bolivar05155 miles
(8 km)
Tornado remained in open fields.
bgcolor=# F0W of Itta BenaLeflore05152 miles
(3.2 km)
Large NaNmiles wide tornado spotted by storm chasers, but remained in open fields with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0NW of RulevilleSunflower052510 miles
(16 km)
Tornado remained in open fields.
Missouri
bgcolor=# F0NW of SikestonScott22501 mile
(1.6 km)
Brief tornado touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0FagusButler2332unknownBrief tornado touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0MorehouseNew Madrid2350unknownBrief tornado touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0E of EssexStoddard0000unknownBrief tornado touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0NW of CardwellDunklin0005unknownBrief tornado touchdown. Minimal damage reported.
bgcolor=# F1SE of BentonScott00151 mile
(1.6 km)
A mobile home was overturned, and several outbuildings were damaged.
bgcolor=# F0NW of KennettDunklin0315unknownBrief tornado touchdown. Minimal damage reported.
bgcolor=# F1NE of MorehouseNew Madrid, Scott04071 mile
(1.6 km)
Damage primarily to trees along its path.
bgcolor=# F0SteelePemiscot0410unknownBrief tornado touchdown. Minimal damage reported.
bgcolor=# F1NW of DexterStoddard04401 mile
(1.6 km)
A mobile home was overturned and a shed was destroyed. In addition, many trees and power lines were knocked down.
bgcolor=# F0PerkinsScott0500unknownBrief tornado touchdown with no damage.
bgcolor=# F1W of MorleyScott05051 mile
(1.6 km)
Heavy damage reported to a farm, including a destroyed barn and shed. A mobile home was overturned and minor damage reported to one house.
Louisiana
bgcolor=# F1NE of BonitaMorehouse, Ashley (AR), Chicot (AR)011537 miles
(59 km)
Long-track tornado with minor to moderate damage to several houses. Widespread tree damage.
bgcolor=# F1Tallajuh areaMadison, Warren (MS)043016 miles
(26 km)
Many vehicles, including eight tractor trailers, were blown off Interstate 20. Several buildings sustained minor damage. Extensive damage to trees and power lines.
Tennessee
bgcolor=# F0TiptonvilleLake0528unknownBrief tornado with minimal damage.
Kentucky
bgcolor=# F1NE of WickliffeBallard06521 mile
(1.6 km)
A mobile home was destroyed, injuring its six occupants. Barns and trees were also damaged.
bgcolor=# F1E of KevilMcCracken07001 mile
(1.6 km)
Five mobile homes were heavily damage in the Lone Lake subdivision. Several other outbuildings and garages were destroyed and four houses sustained minor damage. Two people were injured.
Illinois
bgcolor=# F2SW of GolcondaPope07152 miles
(3.2 km)
A summer resort in Shawnee National Forest (closed for the winter) was heavily damaged, with over 35 lodges damaged or destroyed along with many trees.
Sources: National Climatic Data Center

January 22 event

F#LocationCountyTime (UTC)Path lengthDamage
Louisiana
bgcolor=# F1Sadie areaUnion, Grant (AR)080017 miles
(28 km)
Minimal damage, mostly to trees along its long path.
bgcolor=# F0E of King HillNatchitoches11022 miles
(3.2 km)
Tornado remained over swampland with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0S of CoushattaRed River11055 miles
(8 km)
Tornado remained over swampland with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0NW of MessickNatchitoches11143 miles
(4.8 km)
Tornado remained over swampland with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0SE of CoushattaRed River11202 miles
(3.2 km)
Tornado remained over swampland with no damage.
bgcolor=# F1S of Cox CrossingBienville11498 miles
(13 km)
Significant tree damage reported in the heavily wooded area.
bgcolor=# F1S of WalkerJackson115220 miles
(32 km)
Long track tornado remained in open woodland.
bgcolor=# F1E of QuitmanJackson120512 miles
(20 km)
Tornado remained in open woodland with tree damage.
bgcolor=# F1E of ViennaLincoln122212 miles
(20 km)
Tornado remained in open woodland with tree damage.
bgcolor=# F0NW of OkaloosaOuachita12302 miles
(3.2 km)
Tornado remained over open woodlands with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0EvansVernon16401 mile
(1.6 km)
Brief tornado knocked down some trees in the area.
bgcolor=# F0NW of GorumNatchitoches16093 miles
(4.8 km)
Tornado remained over swampland with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0E of AlohaGrant18101 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado remained over unpopulated woodlands with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0FerridayConcordia19151 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado remained in an open field.
bgcolor=# F0NW of MessickNatchitoches11143 miles
(4.8 km)
Tornado remained over swampland with no damage.
Arkansas
bgcolor=# F1Felsenthal areaUnion08257 miles
(11 km)
Numerous houses sustained minor roof damage.
bgcolor=# F0S of EudoraChicot14232 miles
(3.2 km)
Tornado remained in an open field with no damage reported.
bgcolor=# F0N of KiblahMiller01534 miles
(6.4 km)
Tornado tracked across woodland and farm country. No damage reported.
Tennessee
bgcolor=# F3S of CamdenBenton092015 miles
(24 km)
1 death – 12 houses were destroyed and many other houses and businesses were damaged. The fatality occurred outdoors. Five others were injured.
bgcolor=# F3ClarksvilleMontgomery10154 miles
(6.4 km)
Severe damage reported in the city. 124 buildings were destroyed and over 500 others damaged, mostly in the downtown area. The county courthouse was nearly destroyed. Severe damage also took place at Austin Peay State University. Five people were injured.
bgcolor=# F1NE of CordovaShelby10254 miles
(6.4 km)
Two houses were destroyed, and numerous other houses and a school were damaged.
bgcolor=# F2McEwen areaHumphreys10434 miles
(6.4 km)
Significant damage in the community, where many houses were damaged (two of which were completely destroyed). One person was injured.
bgcolor=# F0PocahontasHardeman1805unknownBrief tornado touchdown, minor damage reported.
Mississippi
bgcolor=# F0Horn LakeDeSoto11102 miles
(3.2 km)
Five houses were heavily damaged and numerous others sustained lesser damage.
bgcolor=# F0NW of FayetteJefferson15251 mile
(1.6 km)
Some trees were damaged and blown onto the Natchez Trace Parkway.
bgcolor=# F0E of Port GibsonClaiborne15451 mile
(1.6 km)
Damage limited to a few trees.
bgcolor=# F0N of UticaHinds16151 mile
(1.6 km)
Damage limited to a few trees.
bgcolor=# F0LexingtonHolmes16201 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado blew down some power lines.
bgcolor=# F0RaymondHinds16581 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado touched down in open areas at the Raymond Williams Airport but no damage took place.
bgcolor=# F1CorinthAlcorn18355 miles
(8 km)
Several houses and 31 businesses were damaged, and a metal industrial building was heavily damaged.
bgcolor=# F0VaidenCarroll20321 mile
(1.6 km)
Brief tornado in an open area spotted by the Mississippi Highway Patrol.
bgcolor=# F0E of VicksburgWarren20404 miles
(6.4 km)
A few trees were knocked down by this small tornado.
bgcolor=# F0W of LexingtonHolmes21001 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado remained in an open area with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0BoonevillePrentiss2115unknownSeveral trees were blown down near the town.
bgcolor=# F0BaldwynLee2310unknownBrief tornado touchdown with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F0W of OsykaPike2315unknownOne house lost its roof in this brief tornado.
bgcolor=# F0WheelerPrentiss2320unknownBrief tornado touchdown with minimal damage.
bgcolor=# F0SW of TopekaLawrence23451 mile
(1.6 km)
Several trees were blown down.
Texas
bgcolor=# F0S of CallNewton16301 mile
(1.6 km)
Some trees were damaged by this brief tornado.
bgcolor=# F1New BostonBowie2310unknownBrief tornado damaged several businesses in a commercial area along Interstate 30.
Alabama
bgcolor=# F0NW of RussellvilleFranklin2139unknownBrief tornado with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0SW of Muscle ShoalsColbert21431 mile
(1.6 km)
Tornado remained in an open area.
bgcolor=# F0W of FalkvilleMorgan2243unknownBrief tornado near the Danville-Neel Recreation Area with no damage.
bgcolor=# F0NE of FayetteFayette2252unknownA roof was damaged and several trees were uprooted.
bgcolor=# F1NW of Double SpringsWinston23152 miles
(3.2 km)
Three houses, two mobile homes and a church were damaged. Many trees were also damaged.
Sources: National Climatic Data Center

January 23 event

F#LocationCountyTime (UTC)Path lengthDamage
Virginia
bgcolor=# F1S of Indian ValleyFloyd19300.2milesBrief tornado destroyed two outbuildings and damaged a few other structures. Many trees were downed.
Sources: National Climatic Data Center

Little Rock, Arkansas tornadoes

Outbreak death toll
StateTotalCountyCounty
total
Arkansas8Pulaski3
White5
Tennessee1Benton1
Totals9
All deaths were tornado-related
The Little Rock area was slammed by a strong tornado on the evening of January 21. The tornado began in Saline County south of Vimy Ridge at 6:24 pm CST (0024 UTC). Before crossing the Pulaski County line, it did moderate damage to several houses and significant damage to a mobile home.[6] It crossed into Pulaski County at 6:33 pm, where moderate roof damage was reported to several buildings along the Interstate 30 corridor. It continued eastward and did most of its devastation just south of the downtown area.[7]

There was severe damage reported to over 235 buildings, many of which were destroyed. One of the destroyed buildings included a large grocery store, a Harvest Foods, where one of two on duty pharmacists passed away. Over 500 other buildings sustained lesser damage. Some of the houses damaged that were in the historic district were also condemned due to there being lead smelt beneath them. Trees and power lines were also knocked down throughout the area. Damage was also reported on the property of the Arkansas Governor's Mansion, where many trees were knocked down. As the tornado left the downtown vicinity, it weakened as it crossed Interstate 40. It lifted in the northeastern suburbs, near Sherwood at 6:53 pm CST, after being on the ground for 29 minutes and travelling 22miles. The first tornado was rated F3 on the Fujita scale.[7]

As the first tornado dissipated, a second tornado, rated F2, developed in eastern Pulaski County. While it remained in more rural settings, it also destroyed several buildings, including a storage facility. It also knocked over several tractor-trailers before crossing into Lonoke County.[8] Extensive damage was also reported in Lonoke County, where the South Bend community was hit hard. 12 houses, 11 mobile homes and several farm buildings were damaged or destroyed in Lonoke County. The tornado dissipated at 7:02 pm CST (0102 UTC) southwest of Cabot.[9]

Three people died in the tornadoes (all due to the first F3). One of them was in the destroyed grocery store, another was in a vehicle hit by a tree, and the third was in a mobile home that was destroyed. 78 other people were injured by the tornado.[7] [8]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: John Hart. SPC 06z Day-1 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. Convective Outlook. January 21, 1999. February 2, 2017.
  2. Web site: Joseph A. Rogash. SPC 15z Day-1 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. Convective Outlook. January 21, 1999. February 2, 2017.
  3. Web site: J.P. Craven. Michael D. Vescio. SPC 12z Day-1 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. Convective Outlook. January 21, 1999. February 2, 2017.
  4. Web site: Rich Thompson. SPC 19z Day-1 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. Convective Outlook. January 21, 1999. February 2, 2017.
  5. Web site: Severe Weather Report Archive: 01/21/1999. Storm Prediction Center. January 21, 1999. February 2, 2017.
  6. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~354808 NCDC: Event Details
  7. Web site: NCDC: Event Details . January 2, 2007 . May 19, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110519224417/http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~354812 . dead .
  8. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~354817 NCDC: Event Details
  9. http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~ShowEvent~354825 NCDC: Event Details