Tornado outbreak sequence of August 4–8, 2023 explained

Duration:August 4–8, 2023
Tornadoes:54
Fujitascale:EF3
Winds:150mph
(Yuma, Colorado EF3 on August 8)
Largest Hail:5.25inches near Kirk, Colorado on August 8
Year:2023
Damages:$1.6 billion (2023 USD) [1]
Outages:>1,100,000[2]
Fatalities:2 non-tornadic
Injuries:2
Affected:Great Plains, Midwestern, and Eastern United States
Season:tornado outbreaks of 2023[3]

From August 4–8, 2023, several active days of severe weather impacted the United States, where numerous tornadoes struck the Eastern United States, the Plains, and the Midwest.[4] An EF3 tornado formed in Lewis County, New York, causing significant damage to homes, barns, a ski resort, and a motel. Another EF3 tornado touched down near Yuma, Colorado, causing significant damage to several structures in Yuma County, and a second tornado formed afterwards.[5] [6] In Baring, Missouri, a strong EF2 tornado struck the downtown area, damaging homes and injuring two people. Another EF2 tornado touched down in both Sangamon and Christian counties in Illinois, resulting in extensive tree damage along its path. The third EF2 tornado of the outbreak struck western portions of Knoxville, Tennessee, damaging multiple buildings including an apartment complex. This severe weather outbreak left approximately 1 million residents without power and led to over 1,000 preliminary wind reports. Additionally, heavy rainfall prompted a rare flash flood emergency in Cambridge, Maryland. Two non-tornadic fatalities (one in South Carolina and the other in Alabama) occurred as well.[7] [8]

Meteorological synopsis

A moist and unstable air mass and very strong winds aloft were present on August 7, with a shortwave trough progressing towards northern portions of Appalachia, and convective available potential energy in the 2500-3500 values yielded for severe thunderstorm development. Thermodynamic and kinematic energy in and east of central portions of the Appalachian Mountains also contributed to thunderstorm development.[9] A level 4/moderate risk for severe weather, along with a 10 percent tornado risk, a significant 45 percent wind risk, and a 15 percent hail risk was issued by the Storm Prediction Center on August 7, including the Washington, D.C. metro area, the first moderate risk in decades for the DC area.[10] Several severe thunderstorms formed ahead of a cold front in eastern Ohio, eastern Kentucky and West Virginia and later congealed into a quasi-linear convective system while approaching Washington D.C., Philadelphia, and Charlotte, North Carolina, bringing widespread damaging winds.[11]

Confirmed tornadoes

August 4 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Friday, August 4, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0MillvileRayMO22:57–23:114.55abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado passed through Millville, causing roof damage to homes, including one that had its chimney knocked down. Outbuildings and trees were also damaged, and hay bales were tossed as well.[12]
EF0E of Malta BendSalineMO00:17–00:201.54abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF0 tornado moved eastward along US 65, damaging trees and power poles.[13]
EF2BaringKnoxMO04:13–04:151.64abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief but destructive nocturnal EF2 tornado moved northwest directly through Baring. A post office building and some homes had multiple walls knocked down while other homes had minor to heavy roof damage. Mobile homes and outbuildings were heavily damaged or destroyed, a recently built firehouse was damaged, and trees and transmission lines were snapped or uprooted. Two people were injured.[14]

August 5 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Saturday, August 5, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1 MarcellineAdamsIL07:24–07:312.87abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A low-end EF1 tornado inflicted heavy roof and siding damage to a home while other homes suffered window damage. Multiple outbuildings were destroyed, crops and power poles were damaged, and many trees were snapped or uprooted.[15]
EFUENE of Gleneagle to NW of PeytonEl PasoCO19:40–19:442.16abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A trained spotter observed a tornado.[16]
EF0NNW of MauriceSiouxIA19:30–19:330.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on30abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A highly visible and slow-moving tornado damaged several hardwood trees.[17]
EFUSSW of Sioux CenterSiouxIA19:420.05abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A very brief tornado was photographed.[18]
EF0NE of Grand TowerJacksonIL22:15–22:160.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado occurred in a field. No damaged was observed.[19]
EFUENE of Willow HillJasperIL22:30–22:310.11abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado touched down in an open field.[20]
EFUE of SnyderDodgeNE00:530.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An emergency manager received a report from the public of a tornado.[21]
EFUE of ArcadiaCarrollIA02:24–02:250.32abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado occurred.[22]
EF0SSW of AuburnSacIA02:29–02:310.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on35abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An outbuilding was damaged by the tornado with debris being thrown into a farm field.[23]
EFUSW of AuburnSacIA02:30–02:310.32abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
High resolution satellite imagery discovered a tornado path through open agricultural fields. No damage occurred.[24]

August 6 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Sunday, August 6, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0NE of LimaBeaverheadMT20:12–20:191.64abbr=onNaNabbr=on40abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A landspout tornado was videoed by the public.[25]
EFUS of BoulderJeffersonMT21:11–21:173.66abbr=onNaNabbr=on70abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A well-documented tornado occurred in the Whitetail Basin area. No structural damage occurred and most areas were inaccessible for surveying. This is the first ever recorded tornado in Jefferson County.[26]
EFUSE of Dallas City to E of La HarpeHancockIL22:40–23:158.01abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Multiple brief touchdowns of suction vortices were caught on storm chaser video, with at least three distinct tornado locations. No damage was reported.[27]
EF2N of Pawnee to N of Taylorville to NW of AssumptionSangamon, ChristianIL23:09–00:0325.31abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This strong tornado damaged several homes, one of which had about two-thirds of the structure demolished. Extensive tree damage occurred along the path as well.[28] [29]
EF1 Haysville to SSW of PaoliDubois, OrangeIN04:24–04:5325.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[30] [31]
EF1 Southern French LickOrangeIN04:45–04:460.98abbr=onNaNabbr=on40abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[32]
EF1 Northern PaoliOrangeIN04:53–04:551abbr=onNaNabbr=on110abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[33]
EF0SSE of PaoliOrangeIN04:53–04:540.56abbr=onNaNabbr=on60abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[34]
EF1 Paoli to W of LivoniaOrangeIN04:53–05:028.74abbr=onNaNabbr=on175abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[35]

August 7 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Monday, August 7, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1 Western SalemWashingtonIN05:13–05:151.78abbr=onNaNabbr=on60abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[36]
EF2N of Farragut to Western KnoxvilleKnoxTN18:17–18:233.7abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This high-end EF2 tornado embedded within a larger area of straight-line damage, moving through several subdivisions and an apartment complex. It significantly damaged the roofs of homes and other buildings, collapsed a garage or storage, and left a large gash in the side of the apartment complex office from the impact of a large, but unknown object. Wooden boards were driven into the ground and significant tree damage was observed as well.[37]
EF1 S of Erwin, TN to WNW of Green MountainYancey, MitchellNC18:48–18:576.23abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A rare, high-altitude tornado moved southeast uprooting multiple trees and snapping tree limbs. This is the first ever tornado recorded in Mitchell County and this is the third tornado ever recorded in Yancey County, being the first since June 6, 1977.[38]
EF1 NW of Louisa, KY to NE of Fort Gay, WVLawrence (KY), Wayne (WV)KY, WV19:00–19:106.31abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[39] [40]
EF1 Southernwestern Claremont to Northern Mooresville to E of China GroveCatawba, Iredell, RowanNC20:40–21:2236.23abbr=onNaNabbr=on550abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[41] [42] [43]
EF1 BlackrockYorkPA21:02–21:050.52abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado damaged several trees and damaged two outbuildings.[44]
EF0HuntersvilleMecklenburgNC21:07–21:101.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado touched down just south of Lake Norman uprooting some trees and doing minor damage to building exteriors.[45]
EF1 SSE of Dryden to SE of Blodgett MillsTompkins, CortlandNY21:13–21:3611.11abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This low-end EF1 tornado unroofed and partially collapsed outbuildings, snapped or uprooted dozens of trees, knocked down fences and a playground, and threw a raft into a tree.[46] [47]
EF1 E of Cross RoadsYorkPA21:24–21:281.53abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado began in a cornfield, flattening rows of a corn before narrowly avoiding residences and outbuildings. The tornado snapped and uprooted a couple dozen trees before lifting.[48]
EFUWNW of Bird CityCheyenneKS21:35–21:360.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A storm chaser caught a brief landspout in a field.[49]
EF0RawlinsvilleLancasterPA21:40–21:410.51abbr=onNaNabbr=on40abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A narrow swath of corn was downed before the tornado snapped the trunk of a tree.[50]
EF1 ENE of Harmony, PA to SW of Deposit, NYSusquehanna (PA), Broome (NY)PA, NY22:25–22:353.37abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[51] [52]
EF0SSE of MunnsvilleMadisonNY22:55–22:591.47abbr=onNaNabbr=on175abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado snapped numerous trees, damaged outbuildings and a mobile home, and knocked down a street sign.[53]
EF1 NE of Vernon CenterOneidaNY23:10–23:151.31abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees were snapped or uprooted and an outbuilding at a residence collapsed.[54]
EF1 NNE of TabergOneidaNY23:17–23:201.38abbr=onNaNabbr=on110abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF1 tornado snapped numerous trees and damaged the roof of a mobile home.[55]
EF1 Northeastern AllentownLehighPA23:21–23:230.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on160abbr=onNaNabbr=on
[56]
EFUENE of RedfieldLewisNY23:27–23:300.85abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Sentinel-2 satellite imagery found a tornado scar in a heavily wooded area. No survey was conducted due to limited access in the area.[57]
EF0NE of Kintnersville, PAHunterdonNJ23:37–23:380.52abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Two farm outbuildings and trees were damaged.[58]
EF3W of West Leyden to TurinLewisNY23:42–00:1416abbr=onNaNabbr=on700abbr=onNaNabbr=on
At the beginning of the track in Lewis County, this strong tornado caused significant roof damage to homes, significantly damaged or destroyed two barns, and snapped or defoliated trees. The tornado then tracked through swamp lands with less continuous tree damage, although this area did not have good road access. Towards the end of its track in Turin, the tornado intensified again as it struck the Snow Ridge Ski Resort, where all of the chair lift metal cables failed, some chair lift structures were overturned or damaged, and more trees were snapped with some defoliation. The tornado reached low-end EF3 strength as it struck the West Wind Motel, where several structures had their roofs ripped off or collapsed, and had their interior walls and windows knocked down. A multi-story building was also shifted off its foundation and was completely unroofed. The tornado then abruptly lifted and dissipated after striking the motel. For part of its path, the tornado had no tornado warning.[59]

August 8 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Tuesday, August 8, 2023
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF1MattapoisettPlymouthMA15:20–15:230.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped and uprooted.[60]
EF0BarnstableBarnstableMA15:52–15:561.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on650abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado uprooted a tree and downed an electrical pole.[61]
EF0WSW of Tuba CityCoconinoAZ19:50–20:004.99abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A landspout tornado was posted on social media lofting dust.[62]
EF3SW of YumaWashington, YumaCO22:39–23:2515.65abbr=onNaNabbr=on212abbr=onNaNabbr=on
At the beginning of the path in Washington County, the tornado shifted a garage at a residence off its foundation and damaged its roof. A metal shack had tin roofing removed, a tin storage container was flipped, power poles and crops were leaned over, and trees were snapped. Damage in this area peaked at high-end EF1. After crossing into Yuma County and overturning some pivots, the tornado strengthened to EF3 intensity, completely destroying a three-car garage of a home, which had parts of its roof removed, doors blown in and windows broken. A nearby large metal event building had its roof destroyed with debris from the structures strewn into nearby cornfields that were partially mowed down. Trees were damaged and power poles were leaned over or snapped as well. The tornado then occluded, snapping more power poles before dissipating west of Yuma.[63] [64] Coupled with the EF3 tornado that occurred in Prowers County on June 23, 2023, this event marked the first time that two F3/EF3+ tornadoes touched down in Colorado in the same year since 1993.[65]
EFUN of BroadwaterMorrillNE22:500.05abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado was videoed causing no damage.[66]
EFUSE of YumaYumaCO23:30–23:465.28abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A multiple-vortex tornado was observed moving between County Roads 34 and 29 across open land. No damage was reported.[67]
EF0S of YumaYumaCO00:04–00:081.67abbr=onNaNabbr=on193abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Storm chasers observed a tornado that did damage to corn.[68]
EFUNE of CopeYumaCO00:19–00:221abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Multiple chasers observed a brief rope tornado that appeared to say over an open field causing no damage.[69]
EFUNE of CopeYumaCO00:23–00:320.93abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Given the southeast movement of the storm, the tornado may have crossed CR J. The tornado remained in open fields, so no damage was observed.[70]
EFUW of IdaliaYumaCO01:00–01:140.45abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The tornado faded and reappeared more than once during its lifetime. The tornado ended before crossing CR S. No damage was observed due to the tornado remaining over a field.[71]
EF2SW of IdaliaYuma, Kit CarsonCO01:25–01:475.29abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado touched down southwest of Idalia overturning an irrigation pivot. The tornado then crossed County Road 2 where nine power poles were snapped, earning the tornado an EF2 rating.[72] [73]
EFUSSE of KanoradoShermanKS03:17–03:241.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A few grass swirls with small dead tree limbs were found on an abandoned property.[74]

Non-tornadic impacts

Over 1,000 preliminary wind reports were recorded as severe weather impacted the East Coast of the United States on August 7.[75] This led to widespread transit and Amtrak train delays in both the Northeast megalopolis, Great Lakes and Southeastern United States.[76]

A Major League Baseball game between the Washington Nationals and the Philadelphia Phillies at Nationals Park was postponed on August 7 due to the inclement weather.[77] The baseball game between the New York Mets and Chicago Cubs saw a 2-hour and 9 minute delay due to the rain at Citi Field.[78] A Carly Rae Jepsen concert at The Rooftop at Pier 17 in New York City was cancelled due to a lightning storm.[79] A 2023 Leagues Cup match between the Philadelphia Union and New York Red Bulls was postponed by a day.[80] Several state governors, including Maryland governor Wes Moore, New York governor Kathy Hochul, and West Virginia governor Jim Justice urged people to stay alert, and to be prepared.[81] Hochul's administration and local officials in New York were on stand-by for clean-up and response efforts, while Justice declared a State of Preparedness for all counties in West Virginia.[82] Schools in Tennessee and Georgia were closed.[83] [84] [85] Tornado watches and warnings were posted across ten states from Tennessee to New York, covering 29.5 million people.[86] U.S. government offices in Washington, D.C. were closed early in anticipation of severe weather.[87] Joe Biden's trip to the western United States was delayed 90 minutes.

A rare flash flood emergency was issued for Cambridge, Maryland, where flood damage and water rescues occurred as 4inches of rain fell in two hours.[88] [89] Power lines fell in Westminster, Maryland, including on MD 140, trapping more than forty people in their cars after live power lines fell behind and in front of vehicles.[90] [91] Montgomery Parks closed Sligo Creek Parkway and a road because of the threat for flooding, and damaging winds, causing trees to fall. A U.S. District Court sentencing was postponed due to severe weather, and tolls on I-66 reached nearly thirty dollars.[92] Extra trains were operated by the Washington Metro to assist in people to get to their residences, and the Emergency Operations Center was activated.[93] Train stations also operated an extra hour because Beyoncé's tour paid $100,000 to do so for fans to arrive at FedExField in Landover, Maryland, and to help people get home.[94] FedexField was also under a "shelter in place" order due to the imminent severe weather threat, and it was lifted nearly two hours later.[95] [96] Despite the severe weather, a Pink concert was allowed to proceed, but inclement weather forced fans at Nationals Park to remain at the concourse.

Fallen trees trapped hikers and campers at Fall Creek Falls State Park, and forced the park to close.[97] Damage occurred in eastern Kentucky and western North Carolina.[98] Flooding occurred in numerous towns in Massachusetts, including North Andover, Lowell, and Needham.[99] The Knoxville Utilities Board in Knoxville, Tennessee, stated that the damage across eastern Tennessee was "widespread and extensive".[100]

On August 8, additional flash flooding resulted in the Maine Turnpike reducing their speed limit to below 45mph south of Falmouth.[101] In Syracuse, New York, record rain of 2.45inches poured down, which resulted in lengthy closures on I-81 and I-690 throughout the day on August 8.[102] More than nine airports issued ground stops, including LaGuardia Airport, Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, and Baltimore/Washington International Airport.[103] More than 1,700 flights were cancelled and nearly 9,000 were delayed across eastern United States airports impacted by severe weather.[104] [105] At least one million power outages occurred across the eastern United States, and two people were killed.[106] [107]

On August 8, the storms in Colorado produced a 5.25inches hailstone in Kirk that became the largest hailstone in state history in terms of diameter.[108]

The American Red Cross were prepared to respond if conditions were necessary.[109]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: . . U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters 1980-2023 . NOAA NCEI Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters . . September 11, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230911184100/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/events.pdf . September 11, 2023 . 1 . September 11, 2023 . live.
  2. https://tulsaworld.com/news/nation-world/weather/2-dead-thousands-of-flight-cancellations-1-1-million-lose-power-in-eastern-us-storms/article_f4d9c2f0-14de-5c82-870d-966982d376ea.html 2 dead, thousands of flight cancellations, 1.1 million lose power in eastern US storms
  3. National Weather Service in Goodland, Kansas. KansasEvent Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  4. Web site: DAT . apps.dat.noaa.gov . July 13, 2023.
  5. Web site: SPC Storm Reports for 08/08/23 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230808042214/https://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/230808_rpts.html . August 8, 2023 . August 9, 2023 . www.spc.noaa.gov . Storm Prediction Center.
  6. Web site: August 10, 2023 . 2 tornadoes tear through Yuma County, destroying property - CBS Colorado . August 10, 2023 . www.cbsnews.com .
  7. Web site: Anderson 15-year-old dies while visiting grandparent during Monday's severe storms . August 9, 2023 . Independent Mail.
  8. Web site: Thornton . William . August 8, 2023 . Man killed by lightning strike in Alabama industrial park 'forever a king' . August 9, 2023 . al.
  9. Web site: Storm Prediction Center Aug 7, 2023 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook . August 9, 2023 . www.spc.noaa.gov.
  10. News: August 8, 2023 . Two killed as severe storms rip through eastern US . BBC News . August 9, 2023.
  11. Web site: Service . NOAA's National Weather . Weather Prediction Center . August 9, 2023 . www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov.
  12. National Weather Service in Pleasant Hill, Missouri. Missouri Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  13. National Weather Service in Pleasant Hill, Missouri. Missouri Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  14. Web site: NWS St. Louis Twitter . twitter.com . August 5, 2023.
  15. National Weather Service in St. Louis, Missouri. Illinois Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. July 21, 2024.
  16. National Weather Service in Pueblo, Colorado. Colorado Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  17. National Weather Service in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Iowa Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  18. National Weather Service in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Iowa Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  19. National Weather Service in Paducah, Kentucky. Illinois Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  20. National Weather Service in Lincoln, Illinois. Illinois Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. July 21, 2024.
  21. National Weather Service in Valley, Nebraska. Nebraska Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  22. National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa. Iowa Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  23. National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa. Iowa Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  24. National Weather Service in Des Moines, Iowa. Iowa Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  25. National Weather Service in Great Falls, Montana. Montana Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  26. National Weather Service in Great Falls, Montana. Montana Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  27. National Weather Service in Davenport, Iowa. Illinois Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  28. National Weather Service in Lincoln, Illinois. Illinois Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  29. National Weather Service in Lincoln, Illinois. Illinois Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  30. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  31. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  32. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  33. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  34. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  35. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 20, 2023.
  36. National Weather Service in Louisville, Kentucky. Indiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  37. National Weather Service in Morristown, Tennessee. Tennessee Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  38. National Weather Service in Greenville, South Carolina. North Carolina Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  39. National Weather Service in Charleston, West Virginia. Kentucky Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  40. National Weather Service in Charleston, West Virginia. West Virginia Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  41. National Weather Service in Greenville, South Carolina. North Carolina Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  42. National Weather Service in Greenville, South Carolina. North Carolina Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  43. National Weather Service in Greenville, South Carolina. North Carolina Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  44. National Weather Service in State College, Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  45. National Weather Service in Greenville, South Carolina. North Carolina Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  46. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  47. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  48. National Weather Service in State College, Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  49. National Weather Service in Goodland, Kansas. Kansas Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  50. National Weather Service in State College, Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  51. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. Pennsylvania Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  52. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  53. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  54. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  55. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  56. National Weather Service in Mount Holly, New Jersey. Pennsylvania Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  57. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  58. National Weather Service in Mount Holly, New Jersey. New Jersey Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  59. National Weather Service in Binghamton, New York. New York Event Report: EF3 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 21, 2023.
  60. National Weather Service in Norton, Massachusetts. Massachusetts Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  61. National Weather Service in Norton, Massachusetts. Massachusetts Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  62. National Weather Service in Flagstaff, Arizona. Arizona Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  63. National Weather Service in Boulder, Colorado. Colorado Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
  64. National Weather Service in Goodland, Kansas. Colorado Event Report: EF3 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
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  72. National Weather Service in Goodland, Kansas. Colorado Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2023. November 22, 2023.
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  76. Web site: Excessive Heat and Weather Disruptions May Cause Northeast Corridor Delays: . Twitter . August 20, 2023.
  77. Web site: Dougherty . Jessie . August 7, 2023 . Postponement leaves Nats, Phillies with straight doubleheader Tuesday . The Washington Post.
  78. https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/mets-cubs-pete-alonso/ Alonso drives in 6 as Mets rout Cubs after rain delay
  79. Web site: Carly Rae Jepsen Tells Crowd 'No One's Getting Electrocuted Tonight' After NYC Show Canceled Due to Lightning . August 9, 2023 . Peoplemag.
  80. https://www.newyorkredbulls.com/news/leagues-cup-philadelphia-union-vs-new-york-red-bulls-match-rescheduled-for-tuesd New York Red Bulls Round 16 Matchup in 2023 Leagues Cup Against Philadelphia Union Postponed
  81. Web site: Chowdhury . Aditi Sangal,Elise Hammond,Maureen . August 7, 2023 . August 7, 2023 Millions in Eastern US face risk of severe weather . August 9, 2023 . CNN.
  82. Web site: Governor issues State of Preparedness ahead of severe storms . August 9, 2023 . governor.wv.gov.
  83. Web site: Jordan . Avery . August 8, 2023 . East Tennessee schools closed due to severe weather . August 9, 2023 . WVLT.
  84. Web site: Staff . Local 3 News . August 7, 2023 . Local school systems announce early dismissals on Monday due to severe weather threat . August 9, 2023 . Local3News.com.
  85. Web site: Hood . Brittany . Severe Weather Update - August 7, 2023 . August 9, 2023 . DeKalb County School District.
  86. Web site: August 8, 2023 . Severe weather in East kills at least 2, hits airlines schedules hard and causes widespread power outages - CBS News . August 9, 2023 . www.cbsnews.com.
  87. News: Shepardson . David . August 8, 2023 . Washington shuts US government offices due to threatening weather . Reuters . August 9, 2023.
  88. Web site: Curtis . Sean . August 7, 2023 . Flood Emergency in Cambridge . August 9, 2023 . WBOC TV.
  89. Web site: August 8, 2023 . Cambridge recovering from Monday's flood . August 9, 2023 . 47abc.
  90. Web site: August 8, 2023 . Cleanup underway after storm knocks down utility poles along busy Westminster road - CBS Baltimore . August 9, 2023 . www.cbsnews.com.
  91. Web site: Yan . Nouran Salahieh,Holly . August 8, 2023 . Tens of thousands still without power after deadly storms as a new wave of severe weather and flooding hits . August 9, 2023 . CNN.
  92. Web site: August 7, 2023 . Some severe storms sweep through D.C. area, but not as bad as feared . August 9, 2023 . Washington Post.
  93. Web site: Metro is running lots of service getting everyone where they need to go before the severe weather hits. . August 9, 2023 . Twitter.
  94. Web site: August 8, 2023 . Beyoncé's tour paid D.C. Metro $100,000 to keep trains running after bad weather delayed concert . August 9, 2023 . NBC News.
  95. Web site: Beyoncé's Team Covers $100K Cost to Keep Maryland Trains Running After Rain Delayed Renaissance Tour Stop . August 9, 2023 . Peoplemag.
  96. Web site: https://twitter.com/FedExField/status/1688319086747340800 . August 9, 2023 . Twitter.
  97. Web site: August 8, 2023 . Severe weather traps hikers, campers at Fall Creek Falls State Park . August 9, 2023 . WKRN News 2.
  98. Web site: Severe weather in WNC causes thousands to lose power. NWS surveying for possible tornadoes . August 9, 2023 . The Asheville Citizen Times.
  99. Web site: Yablonski . Steven . August 8, 2023 . Severe storms roll through Plains, Southeast on Tuesday . August 9, 2023 . FOX Weather.
  100. Web site: Thousands without power after severe weather kills 2, disrupts thousands of flights . August 9, 2023 . USA TODAY.
  101. https://www.wmtw.com/article/maine-turnpike-rain-reduced-speed/44762367 Travel with caution: Speed on Maine Turnpike reduced due to heavy rain
  102. https://www.syracuse.com/traffic/2023/08/parts-of-i-81-route-690-other-roads-remain-closed-from-heavy-rains-that-slammed-central-ny.html
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  104. Web site: Revell . Eric . August 8, 2023 . Thousands of flights delayed or canceled as severe weather hits US . August 9, 2023 . FOXBusiness.
  105. Web site: Knutson . Jacob . Falconer . Rebecca . August 8, 2023 . Severe storms batter eastern and southern U.S., killing two people . Axios.
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  107. Web site: August 8, 2023 . News Wrap: Storm system blasts eastern U.S. with severe weather . August 9, 2023 . PBS NewsHour.
  108. News: Erdman . Johnathon . Colorado Hailstone Confirmed As New State Record . October 21, 2023 . . September 27, 2023.
  109. Web site: Severe Weather Still a Threat ─ Follow these Safety Steps . August 9, 2023 . www.redcross.org.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Tornado outbreak sequence of August 4–8, 2023".

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