Tornado outbreak of April 21–23, 2020 explained

Duration:April 21–23, 2020
Tornadoes:53
Fujitascale:EF3
Winds:140mph in Onalaska, Texas
Largest-Hail:2.75inches in Nida, Oklahoma, on April 22[1]
Fatalities:6 (+1 non-tornadic)
Injuries:64 injuries[2]
Year:2020
Damages:$1.1 billion (2020 USD)[3]
Affected:Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia
Season:tornado outbreaks of 2020

On April 22, 2020, an outbreak of discrete supercell thunderstorms across portions of Oklahoma, Texas, and Louisiana led to widespread severe weather, including multiple strong tornadoes. Two people were killed by a high-end EF2 that struck the town of Madill, Oklahoma, and three more were killed by an EF3 wedge tornado that moved through Onalaska, Texas. Dozens of others were injured as well. The event came to fruition as a trough progressed eastward across the United States, interacting with a moist and unstable environment. Tornado activity continued into Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia overnight into the day on April 23. Isolated tornado activity also occurred during the overnight hours on April 21.

Meteorological synopsis

On April 19, the Storm Prediction Center outlined portions of the U.S. Southern Plains with a 15% area of severe weather within 25 miles of any point.[4] A Slight risk was maintained across much of the same areas in the subsequent day 3 outlook,[5] but parts of southeastern Oklahoma, much of northeastern Texas, southwestern Arkansas, and northwestern Louisiana were upgraded to an Enhanced risk on April 21.[6] This risk area was maintained in the lead-up to the event on April 22.[7] Confidence in organized severe weather came as a southwest-to-northeast oriented trough moved eastward across the United States, interacting with a corridor of low-level moisture and instability ahead of this feature.[8] Throughout the early morning hours of April 22, discrete thunderstorms posing a risk for damaging winds and hail developed across Oklahoma, north of an approaching warm front.[9] Farther south across central Texas and into western Louisiana, elevated convection began to increase in the presence of strong wind shear, with the expectation that those storms would become surface based with time as they progressed into a region of modest daytime heating.[10]

Isolated tornadic activity was observed in Oklahoma during the overnight hours of April 21. By mid-afternoon the next day, a low-pressure area progressed into southwestern Oklahoma, supporting a quasi-stationary front across southern Oklahoma and a sharpening dry line southward into central Texas. The combination of partially sunny skies and dew points in the upper 60s Fahrenheit led to a very unstable environment across northwestern Texas and into southwestern Oklahoma. Thunderstorm activity soon developed in the vicinity of the area of low pressure, but the highest risk of tornadic activity was expected to materialize farther east where the direction of surface winds would be more conducive to rotating storms.[11] As the storms tracked eastward, multiple damaging tornadoes were reported. Farther south across eastern Texas and western Louisiana, a subtle warm front and an additional surface boundary proved to be the impetus for convection to develop supercell characteristics.[12] [13] One such supercell in Walker and Houston counties further organized as it curved right into an undisturbed environment of high wind shear and moisture.[14] Within the hour, it spawned an intense, long-tracked tornado with winds of 130– as estimated by the SPC based on historical analogs.[15] This long-tracked cell maintained prominence and spawned additional tornadoes for several hours as it continued through Louisiana and into Western Mississippi.[16] On its trail, additional storms in a moderately unstable, highly sheared environment continued to pose a threat for all hazards.[17] Severe weather from this group of storms continued throughout the overnight hours along the Gulf Coast, with large swath of wind damage and tornadoes continuing into April 23. More storms fired up just offshore of the Florida panhandle as the first band moved off the coast around mid-day. These storms produced more tornadoes and wind damage before weakening that night.[18]

Confirmed tornadoes

April 21 event

EF#! scope="col" style="width:7%; text-align:center;" class="unsortable"
LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax widthSummary
EF1SE of SterlingComanche, GradyOK04:28–04:300.29abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onA mobile home was heavily damaged.[19] [20]
EF1Northern MarlowStephensOK04:43–04:461.6abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onA tornado impacted northern sections of Marlow, severely damaging several buildings on a farm, including a home and an outbuilding that had most of their roofs ripped off. Large trees were broken or damaged, and utility poles were snapped as well.[21]

April 22 event

EF#! scope="col" style="width:7%; text-align:center;" class="unsortable"
LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax widthSummary
EF1SW of Pauls ValleyGarvinOK21:17–21:222.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=onTrees, power poles, a few outbuildings, and seven homes were damaged.[22]
EF0N of SpringerCarterOK21:230.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on20abbr=onNaNabbr=onA very brief tornado lofted some debris.[23]
EF2NE of SpringerCarter, MurrayOK21:24–21:374.73abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=onA large tornado moved through an unpopulated wooded area, causing significant tree damage.[24] [25]
EFUSW of MadillMarshallOK21:450.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onA brief tornado touched down, causing no damage.[26]
EF2SSW of Oakland to SE of MadillMarshallOK21:53–22:054.25abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=on2 deaths – This high-end EF2 tornado, which was videoed by numerous storm chasers and broadcast live on The Weather Channel, moved through the southern part of Madill. Three factories or warehouses–Oklahoma Steel & Wire, Mid American Steel & Wire, and M & R Wire Works–sustained significant damage, and a catholic church sustained considerable roof and window damage. Several site-built homes sustained roof damage, and one had its roof removed entirely. Multiple mobile homes, barns, and outbuildings were destroyed, several vehicles were damaged or thrown, and a satellite dish was ripped off a 310-foot guyed radio tower. Many wooden and steel power poles were snapped or knocked down, and many trees were downed along the path as well. At least 30 people were injured.[27] [28]
EF0SW of Little CityMarshallOK22:10–22:141.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onA power pole and some trees were damaged.[29]
EF1N of WapanuckaJohnstonOK22:26–22:385abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onTrees and roofs sustained damage, and an RV camper was overturned.[30]
EF1N of ArmstrongBryanOK22:32–22:455.21abbr=onNaNabbr=on500abbr=onNaNabbr=onA number of homes, barns, and trees were damaged by this multiple-vortex tornado. Power poles were downed as well.[31]
EF1E of ArmstrongBryanOK22:52–22:531.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on30abbr=onNaNabbr=onA number of tree branches were broken, and a building was damaged.[32]
EF3NW of Onalaska to WSW of ChesterTrinity, PolkTX22:35–23:1528.51abbr=onNaNabbr=on1100abbr=onNaNabbr=on3 deaths – See section on this tornado – 33 people were injured.[33]
EF0SW of LehighCoalOK22:590.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on30abbr=onNaNabbr=onTwo separate storm chasers videoed a tornado; it caused no damage.[34]
EF1N of TocoLamarTX23:35–23:424.45abbr=onNaNabbr=on510abbr=onNaNabbr=onA few outbuildings were damaged or destroyed near the community of Direct. Trees were also damaged.[35]
EF2ENE of PowderlyLamar, Red RiverTX23:51–00:0510.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on810abbr=onNaNabbr=onNumerous large trees were snapped or uprooted, and a handful of homes sustained relatively minor roof damage.[36] [37]
EF2E of Jasper, TX to N of Rosepine, LAJasper (TX), Newton (TX), Vernon (LA)TX, LA00:28–01:1936.42abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=onA long-tracked, strong tornado produced by the same supercell as the Onalaska EF3 tornado damaged roofs and trees. Severe tree damage occurred in some areas, including a few trees that sustained some debarking.[38] [39] [40]
EF2ElmerRapidesLA02:09–02:278.43abbr=onNaNabbr=on500abbr=onNaNabbr=onA few homes and power poles were damaged, and many trees were snapped in and around Elmer. Some trees sustained debarking.[41]
EF2S of AlexandriaRapidesLA02:26–02:388.98abbr=onNaNabbr=on550abbr=onNaNabbr=on1 death – Two mobile homes were demolished, resulting in one fatality. Numerous houses and trees were damaged, and numerous power poles were toppled. Substantial damage was inflicted to a livestock facility, and severe damage was also inflicted to farm and equipment buildings at the LSU-Alexandria Dean Lee Research Station.[42]
EF1LamourieRapidesLA02:27–02:343.85abbr=onNaNabbr=on500abbr=onNaNabbr=onOutbuildings and sheds were damaged, power lines were snapped, and shingles were ripped off a roof.[43]
EF1N of Ruby to NW of EffieRapides, AvoyellesLA02:42–02:535.36abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=onA tornado caused considerable tree damage, some of which damaged a few homes upon falling.[44] [45]
EF1NE of MarksvilleCatahoula, AvoyellesLA03:06–03:187.61abbr=onNaNabbr=on1200abbr=onNaNabbr=onTrees and mobile homes were damaged.[46] [47] [48] [49] [50]
EF1NW of AcmeCatahoula, ConcordiaLA03:17–03:254.01abbr=onNaNabbr=on880abbr=onNaNabbr=onNumerous trees were snapped, and a mobile home lost sections of its roof, siding, and metal awning.[51] [52]

April 23 event

EF#! scope="col" style="width:7%; text-align:center;" class="unsortable"
LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax widthSummary
EF2WNW of BunkieAvoyellesLA06:08–06:143.62abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onSubstantial damage was inflicted to hangars and aircraft at the Bunkie Airport. Trees were damaged as well.[53]
EF1NE of EvergreenAvoyellesLA06:20–06:231.13abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onHomes and outbuildings were damaged.[54]
EF1S of EuniceAcadiaLA06:51–07:019.53abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=onTrees, power lines, and a large shed were damaged.[55]
EF0NNE of Florence to SE of BrandonRankinMS06:57–07:1711.43abbr=onNaNabbr=on1230abbr=onNaNabbr=onNumerous trees were snapped or uprooted.[56]
EF2NE of Liberty to N of McCombAmite, PikeMS08:07–08:2818.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on1760abbr=onNaNabbr=onA house had most of its roof torn off, and a large metal building was destroyed by this large, strong tornado. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted along the path.[57]
EF0NE of SalemMarionMS08:57–09:046.49abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=onSeveral trees were snapped or uprooted, including several that fell on a home.[58]
EF2ENE of Soso to W of EucuttaJonesMS09:14–09:3016.85abbr=onNaNabbr=on2640abbr=onNaNabbr=onA 1.5miles wide tornado developed just east of the path of an EF4 tornado 11 days prior. Moving north of Laurel, the tornado completely destroyed half of a chicken house and mowed down hundreds of trees, many of which fell on homes and caused severe damage. Numerous power lines were downed as well.[59]
EF1NW of WaynesboroWayneMS09:33–09:351.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on350abbr=onNaNabbr=onDamage was confined to trees that were snapped or uprooted.[60]
EF1N of LucedaleGeorgeMS11:17–11:192.26abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=onA few homes sustained minor roof damage. Otherwise, additional homes were damaged by some trees that were snapped or uprooted.[61]
EF1ENE of LucedaleGeorgeMS11:23–11:240.38abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onThe roof of a mobile home was ripped off, causing its walls to collapse. Several trees were snapped or uprooted.[62]
EF1E of LucedaleGeorgeMS11:24–11:251.45abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=onNumerous trees were snapped or uprooted, some of which were downed onto homes. A few houses and a church sustained roof and shingle damage. A travel trailer was flipped, injuring one person.[63]
EF1NW of ChunchulaMobileAL11:37–11:380.55abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=onA tornado primarily damaged trees, but one fallen tree caused significant damage to a home. Another house had its garage door blown in, and a shed was heavily damaged.[64]
EF0NE of FalcoCovingtonAL13:42–13:430.37abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onSeveral trees were snapped or uprooted.[65]
EF0NE of FloralaCovingtonAL13:530.01abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=onA grain bin was damaged by this brief tornado.[66]
EF1E of PelhamMitchellGA16:05–16:102.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on176abbr=onNaNabbr=onA large portion of the metal roof was ripped off an auto service building, and a nearby van was flipped. The metal awning at a warehouse, an outbuilding, and the roof of a home were damaged. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted.[67]
EF1S of Moultrie to E of AdelColquitt, CookGA16:34–17:1037.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on650abbr=onNaNabbr=onA long-tracked, large, high-end EF1 tornado caused significant damage to a warehouse and caused minor roof damage to a home. Several billboards and tall signs were damaged as it crossed I-75. In Adel, large sections of two warehouses were torn away. A large shed was severely damaged, and numerous trees were snapped or uprooted, some of which were snapped near their bases.[68]
EF0NNW of DupontLanier, ClinchGA17:28–17:342.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onMany trees were snapped and a home sustained roof damage.[69]
EF0Northern Waycross to BonneymanWare, PierceGA18:05–18:298.97abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onA large tree was snapped, causing severe damage to the roof and walls of a mobile home upon falling.[70]
EF0S of Waycross to WSW of SchlattervilleWareGA18:15–?7.49abbr=onNaNabbr=onunknownA tornado snapped a large tree and it fell onto a mobile home causing severe damage to the roof and walls.[71] [72]
EF0SE of BladenGlynnGA18:59–19:000.47abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onA brief tornado caused no known damage.[73]
EF0E of White OakCamdenGA19:37–19:380.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onA brief tornado touched down over remote marshland, causing no known damage.[74]
EF1Northern Fort Walton BeachOkaloosaFL19:51–19:542.7abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onNumerous trees were snapped or uprooted in the northern part of Fort Walton Beach. Homes sustained minor damage to their siding and roofs.[75]
EF1Defuniak Springs to WSW of Ponce De LeonWalton, HolmesFL20:13–20:209.07abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onFour windows of a series of businesses at a strip mall were blown in. A large retail business had a portion of its roof peeled back and a few HVAC units tossed off. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted, and business signs were downed.[76]
EF0SW of BonifayWashingtonFL20:33–20:362.68abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onMultiple trees were uprooted.[77]
EF2SW of Chipley to SW of MariannaWashington, JacksonFL20:48–21:0517.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=onHundreds of trees were snapped or uprooted. A two-story outbuilding was completely destroyed at a farm, with debris tossed several hundred yards away. Several mobile homes sustained significant damage, including one that was demolished and had its frame wrapped around a tree.[78]
EF0Panama City BeachBayFL21:00–21:1313.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=onA waterspout moved ashore in Panama City Beach, causing only minor damage there. Farther inland, several unsecured construction trailers and one camper trailer were destroyed.[79]
EF0N of Lynn HavenBayFL21:09–21:120.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onTree limbs and power lines were damaged.[80]
EF1SW of Lake Jackson to BradfordvilleLeonFL22:22–22:3810.58abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=onThis tornado moved through the north side of Tallahassee, snapping and uprooting numerous trees. One uprooted tree landed on a home.[81]
EF1NE of Wakulla SpringsWakullaFL22:54–23:003.85abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onTrees were snapped or uprooted, at least one of which fell onto a home.[82]
EF1Keaton BeachTaylorFL23:56–00:000.46abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=onA tornadic waterspout moved ashore in Keaton Beach, ripping the concrete pilings out of the ground at a boat rental facility.[83]
EF0NW of WillifordGilchristFL01:11–01:120.6abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=onA brief tornado touched down over an unpopulated area, causing no damage.[84]

Onalaska–Seven Oaks, Texas

Onalaska–Seven Oaks, Texas
Duration:40 minutes
Formed:April 22, 2020, 5:35 p.m. CDT
Dissipated:April 22, 2020, 6:15 p.m. CDT
Basin:atl
Fujita-Scale:EF3
Winds:140mph
Deaths:3
Injuries:33
Currency:Dollard
Damage:$5 million

This large, intense wedge tornado first touched down at 5:35 p.m. CDT (22:35 UTC) in Trinity County along the north shore of Lake Livingston northwest of Onalaska south of FM 356. It then quickly crossed into Polk County and moved along the north shore of the lake, blowing down several trees while throwing several others into the lake. The tornado then rapidly strengthened as it briefly moved over the north part of the lake before causing major damage in Onalaska. Reaching low-end EF3 intensity, it first struck the Paradise Acres community on a small peninsula in the northwestern part of town. Numerous homes and manufactured homes were heavily damaged or destroyed in this area, and many trees were snapped or denuded as well. A few well-built frame homes sustained loss of their roofs and exterior walls along this segment of the path. It then moved back over Lake Livingston before moving ashore on the north side of Onalaska. The tornado was slightly weaker here, but still produced widespread high-end EF2 damage as many manufactured and site-built homes in neighborhoods south of FM 356 were damaged or destroyed, with debris strewn throughout the area. Dozens of trees were snapped or uprooted as the tornado crossed FM 356 before it entered another neighborhood on the northeast side of town. Several frame homes had their roofs torn off and exterior walls collapsed along and east of FM 3459 while other manufactured homes were completely destroyed. All three deaths and 33 injuries from the tornado occurred in Onalaska. The tornado weakened as it moved east-northeast out of Onalaska and crossed over the extreme northeastern part of Lake Livingston. Trees and homes along the shore were damaged at EF1 strength before the tornado moved into rural areas of Polk County and crossed FM 3152, mostly snapping or uprooting countless hardwood and softwood trees, although one house along FM 350 suffered roof damage. The tornado then reached its peak width of over NaNadj=onNaNadj=on wide as it tore through the north side of Seven Oaks while restrengthening to EF2 intensity. Two mobile homes were completely destroyed as the tornado crossed US 59 and hardwood trees in the area were snapped, denuded, and partially debarked. The tornado then weakened back to EF1 strength as it continued to the east-northeast, damaging more trees, including one large tree that fell on a mobile home, destroying it while barely missing a man sitting at his computer. The tornado then dissipated near FM 942 southwest of Barnes at 6:15 p.m. CDT (23:15 UTC).[85] [86]

The tornado was on the ground for 40 minutes and tracked 29.78miles, with a peak width of 1100yd. A total of 291 homes were affected by the tornado in Onalaska alone, 46 of which were destroyed. All three fatalities and 33 injures were also in Onalaska. This was the first of multiple strong tornadoes from this long–tracked supercell.[85] [86] This was also the second time Onalaska had been struck by a strong tornado with the first time being May 1, 1967, when an F2 tornado moved through town, injuring two people.[87]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: SPC Storm Reports for 04/22/20. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  2. Web site: At least 7 dead from severe weather, tornadoes from Oklahoma to Mississippi as threat moves east. Matthew. Cappucci. Apr 23, 2020. Apr 24, 2020. www.washingtonpost.com.
  3. Web site: Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Events National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) . www.ncdc.noaa.gov . 7 August 2020 . en.
  4. Web site: Ryan Jewell. Day 4–8 Severe Weather Outlook Issued on Apr 19, 2020. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  5. Web site: Ryan Jewell. Apr 20, 2020 0730 UTC Day 3 Severe Thunderstorm Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  6. Web site: Brynn Kerr. Apr 21, 2020 1730 UTC Day 2 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  7. Web site: John Hart. Ashton Cook. Apr 22, 2020 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  8. Web site: Chris Broyles. Andrew Lyons. Apr 22, 2020 0600 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  9. Web site: Greg Dial. John Hart. Mesoscale Discussion 435. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  10. Web site: Ashton Cook. John Hart. Mesoscale Discussion 436. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  11. Web site: Greg Dial. John Hart. Mesoscale Discussion 439. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  12. Web site: Ashton Cook. Mesoscale Discussion 440. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  13. Web site: Matt Mosier. Jeremy Grams. Mesoscale Discussion 441. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  14. Web site: Matt Mosier. Mesoscale Discussion 443. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  15. Web site: Brian Squitieri. Jeremy Grams. Mesoscale Discussion 445. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  16. Web site: Matt Mosier. Jeremy Grams. Mesoscale Discussion 452. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  17. Web site: Matt Mosier. Mesoscale Discussion 454. Storm Prediction Center. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  18. Web site: SPC Storm Reports for 04/23/20. Storm Prediction Center. April 23, 2020. April 29, 2020.
  19. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  20. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  21. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  22. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  23. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  24. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  25. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  26. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EFU Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  27. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  28. Web site: Mark Osborne. At least 3 dead as tornadoes touch down in Oklahoma, Texas. ABC News. April 22, 2020. April 23, 2020.
  29. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  30. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  31. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  32. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  33. Web site: Texas Event Report: EF3 Tornado . National Weather Service . National Centers for Environmental Information . 9 August 2020.
  34. Web site: National Weather Service in Norman, Oklahoma. Oklahoma Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  35. Web site: National Weather Service in Fort Worth, Texas. Texas Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  36. Web site: National Weather Service in Fort Worth, Texas. Texas Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  37. Web site: National Weather Service in Shreveport, Louisiana. Texas Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  38. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Texas Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  39. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Texas Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  40. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  41. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  42. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  43. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  44. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  45. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  46. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  47. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  48. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  49. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  50. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  51. Web site: National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  52. Web site: National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  53. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  54. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  55. Web site: National Weather Service in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Louisiana Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  56. Web site: National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. Mississippi Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  57. Web site: National Weather Service in New Orleans, Louisiana. Mississippi Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023. Web site: National Weather Service in New Orleans, Louisiana. Mississippi Event Report: EF1 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  58. Web site: National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. Mississippi Event Report: EF0 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
  59. Web site: National Weather Service in Jackson, Mississippi. Mississippi Event Report: EF2 Tornado. National Centers for Environmental Information. 2020. January 9, 2023.
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