Tornado outbreak and derecho of April 1–3, 2024 explained

Duration:April 1–3, 2024
Tornadoes:86
Fujita-Scale:EF2
Outages:700,000[1]
Fatalities:5 non-tornadic
Injuries:25
Economic-Year:2024
Currency:USD
Damages:$1.8 billion (2024 USD)[2]
Affected:Midwestern, Southern, Northeastern United States
Season:Tornadoes of 2024

From April 1 to 3, 2024, a significant tornado outbreak,[3] which also included a derecho, affected much of the Midwestern and Southeastern United States.[4] [5] The National Weather Service issued dozens of severe thunderstorm and tornado warnings across West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Oklahoma, Kansas, Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri during the event. A total of 32 million people were estimated to be under watches or warnings, and over 150,000 people were estimated to be without power.[6] and 15 people were injured. The event was given an outbreak intensity score of 28 points, ranking it as a significant tornado outbreak, and five people were killed by non-tornadic events as well.[7] [8]

Meteorological synopsis

On March 28, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) first delineated a risk of organized severe weather across the Central and Southern Plains, as well as the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys for the beginning of April.[9] By the morning of April 1, a broad category 3/Enhanced risk existed from north-central Texas northeastward toward the Illinois–Indiana border, where widespread supercell thunderstorms were anticipated. The impetus for the severe weather setup came as a large, positively tilted upper-level trough progressed eastward from the Southwestern United States into the Central Plains region.[10] Morning surface observations revealed an area of low pressure over central Kansas, supporting a north-moving warm front to the east into Ohio and a trailing cold front southwestward into Oklahoma and the Texas Panhandle. Meanwhile, an eastward-shifting dry line resided from the Texas Panhandle southward into northern Mexico.[11] Within the warm sector of this low, an unstable environment was expected to develop, with averaged instability values of 2,000–3,000 J/kg, dewpoints in the mid- to upper-60s °F, very strong wind shear throughout the atmosphere, and rapidly cooling temperatures with height. Given these conditions, the SPC upgraded much of the eastern half of Oklahoma and a small section of northern Texas to a category 4/Moderate risk. In this area, the capping inversion aloft was expected to erode throughout the afternoon, giving way to multiple supercells capable of producing large hail in excess of 3inches. A conditional threat of strong/EF2+ tornadoes existed too as wind shear close to the surface strengthened with time.[12]

Derecho

Through the afternoon hours, semi-discrete supercells developed across north and central Texas, contributing to widespread reports of large hail the size of baseballs, in addition to hurricane-force wind gusts upwards of 90mph.[13] Farther to the northeast, isolated severe weather occurred in Oklahoma, though it was curtailed by persistent cloud cover and a broad rain shield across the risk area.[14] Even farther to the northeast, training supercell thunderstorms tracked across the St. Louis metropolitan area, contributing to large hail.[15] By the evening hours, a quasi-linear convective system developed across eastern Oklahoma and progressed toward Missouri and Illinois. As it did so, the squall line interacted with boundaries produced by earlier storms; this resulted in several tornadic circulations along the line.[16] In spite of modest instability, strong vertical wind shear maintained organized convective activity as it spread eastward from southern Illinois and eventually into West Virginia during the pre-dawn and early morning hours.[17] [18] Numerous reports of damaging winds were received, including gusts in excess of 90mph near Huntington, West Virginia.[19] [20] The squall line posthumously met the criteria of a derecho, and post-storm surveys revealed dozens of tornadoes along its track. In particular, 10 tornadoes were confirmed across West Virginia on April 2, the most observed in a single calendar day on record. Convective activity finally lost vigor as it moved toward the West Virginia–Virginia border into a more stable environment.[21]

As the derecho tracked from Missouri to West Virginia early on April 2, another widespread outbreak of severe weather and tornadoes was expected to occur across the broader Ohio River Valley region. On April 1, the SPC issued a category 4/Moderate risk across much of Ohio and adjacent portions of surrounding states. Despite questions about the influence of widespread morning thunderstorms, forecasters felt there was sufficient confidence that the atmosphere would recover over subsequent hours, contributing to discrete or clusters of storms capable of producing damaging winds, large hail, and multiple significant tornadoes.[22] By the afternoon hours of April 2, forecasters expressed concern that morning convection would stunt the degree of destabilization across portions of the risk area, particularly in Ohio. Farther to the west, an environment characterized by surface temperatures of in the low- to mid-70s °F, dewpoints between 65-, and strong vertical wind shear was still expected to promote a substantiative risk for strong tornadoes.[23] Storms across southern Indiana and western Kentucky initially struggled to intensify during the afternoon,[24] but they eventually matured into tornado-producing supercells as they continued eastward into western Ohio.[25] As convective activity to the north continued eastward into a drier and more stable environment,[26] a cluster of storms developed farther south across Alabama and Georgia, contributing to additional tornadoes.[27] [28] Into April 3, additional severe weather occurred along frontal boundaries from Florida to Virginia before activity pushed offshore.[29] [30]

Confirmed tornadoes

April 1 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Monday, April 1, 2024
EF#LocationCounty / parishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0ChesterfieldSt. LouisMO23:32–23:352.01abbr=onNaNabbr=on332abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF0 tornado caused minor roof and siding damage to homes, blew down part of a fence, and damaged trees, including some that were snapped or uprooted.[31]
EF1N of Hominy to SE of WynonaOsageOK00:17–00:277abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This high-end EF1 tornado snapped or uprooted numerous trees and blew down numerous power poles.[32]
EF1ESE of Wynona to W of BarnsdallOsageOK00:28–00:365.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on1000abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large, high-end EF1 tornado formed almost immediately after the previous tornado dissipated. It blew the roof off of a garage, uprooted or snapped trees, and blew down numerous power poles.[33]
EF1Southeastern BarnsdallOsageOK00:38–00:412.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on550abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Homes were damaged, outbuildings were destroyed, and trees and power poles were blown down.[34] An even stronger EF4 tornado would strike this area a month later.
EF1N of OchelataOsage, WashingtonOK00:49–00:564.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on550abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado damaged outbuildings, uprooted trees, and blew down power poles.[35]
EF1N of DelawareNowataOK01:13–01:194.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees were uprooted, large tree limbs were snapped, outbuildings were damaged, and power poles were blown down.[36]
EF1WNW of Fair GroveGreeneMO03:37–03:442.08abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several trees were uprooted or snapped, an outbuilding was heavily damaged, and a residence suffered minor damage.[37]
EF0NE of Long LaneDallas, LacledeMO04:06–04:142.03abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado uprooted and/or snapped over 200 trees, rolled an unanchored mobile home, damaged the roof of a residence, and damaged multiple outbuildings.[38]
EF0MorganLacledeMO04:20–04:272.16abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An intermittent tornado damaged outbuildings and trees, including some trees that were snapped or uprooted.[39]
EF0NNE of EvergreenLacledeMO04:24–04:302.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Some outbuildings and trees were damaged by an intermittent tornado.[40]

April 2 event

List of confirmed tornadoes – Tuesday, April 2, 2024
EF#LocationCounty / parishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0St. JamesPhelpsMO05:27–05:310.26abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief, weak tornado damaged small outbuildings at an elementary school as well as to a light pole at a football stadium. A school camera captured the tornado moving over a school building.[41]
EF1NW of GarfieldBentonAR05:33–05:372.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on550abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were uprooted.[42]
EF1GarfieldBentonAR05:35–05:382.4abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A twin tornado developed to the south of the previous tornado. The roofs of two homes were damaged, an outbuilding was destroyed, and trees were uprooted.[43]
EF0NE of GordonvilleCape GirardeauMO09:15–09:160.44abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado downed several large tree limbs. Sporadic damaging winds continued eastward after the tornado dissipated.[44]
EF2NNW of Goreville to W of Creal SpringsWilliamsonIL09:46–09:526.74abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This tornado began along IL 148 and crossed over I-57 heading east, causing roof damage to homes and outbuildings, and snapping or uprooting trees. The tornado reached its peak intensity of high-end EF2 along the north side of the Lake of Egypt, causing severe roof and structural damage to three businesses, and blowing out a window at the nearby fire protection building. The tornado continued to damage homes and outbuildings and snapped or uprooted numerous trees before dissipating.[45] [46]
EF1ENE Creal Springs to E of StonefortWilliamson, SalineIL09:56–10:037.57abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Along the beginning of this tornado path, many trees were snapped or uprooted. Moving eastward, the tornado reached its peak intensity of high-end EF1 as it moved directly through Stonefort. A couple of homes had portions of their roofs ripped off; however, the majority of houses were damaged by fallen trees. Outbuildings and a mobile home also had roof damage in the town. The tornado continued to snap and uproot trees east of the town before dissipating.
EF1ENE of KevilMcCrackenKY10:05–10:060.6abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A house had a portion of its roof removed, a couple of other homes suffered fascia and siding damage, and about a dozen trees had large limbs downed.[47]
EF2ESE of EldoradoSalineIL10:15–10:161.14abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado destroyed an outbuilding and removed portions of roofing from two homes. An industrial garage and two manufactured homes were severely damaged. One manufactured home was moved several feet off its foundation and had one of its walls torn open, resulting in injury to two occupants. Multiple trees were snapped or uprooted.[48]
EF1RidgwayGallatinIL10:21–10:220.98abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado caused roof damage to a house and an outbuilding. A grain bin was also damaged, and several trees were downed.
EF1S of New Haven, ILGallatin (IL), Posey (IN)IL, IN10:22–10:297.45abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several large trees were snapped or uprooted, one of which crushed a small brick building. A manufactured home was severely damaged and a nearby outbuilding had part of its roof ripped off.[49]
EF1E of RidgwayGallatinIL10:26–10:281.96abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado caused significant roof damage to a couple of a large farm outbuildings; debris was tossed hundreds of feet. A home sustained shingle damage and several trees were snapped or uprooted.[50]
EF2NNE of Maunie, IL to S of Wadesville, INWhite (IL), Posey (IN)IL, IN10:31–10:4314.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This EF2 tornado snapped or uprooted hundreds of trees. Several outbuildings and sheds were damaged or destroyed. Several homes sustained minor to moderate roof damage. This tornado eventually merged with the 10:37 UTC tornado.[51] [52]
EF2S of UniontownUnionKY10:34–10:406.84abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several homes sustained significant roof damage and/or were shifted off their foundations. Dozens of trees were snapped or uprooted.[53]
EF2SSE of New Harmony to WSW of DarmstadtPoseyIN10:37–10:4811.56abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado snapped or uprooted hundreds of trees and damaged or destroyed dozens of outbuildings. Several homes sustained minor to moderate damage. This tornado merged with the 10:31 UTC tornado.[54]
EF1NE of MorganfieldUnionKY10:41–10:421.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large, newly built farm outbuilding sustained severe roof and wall damage. A home sustained shingle and fascia damage, a shed was destroyed, and a carport was damaged. Several trees were damaged as well.[55]
EF1SE of SturgisUnionKY10:46–10:470.72abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large farm outbuilding was severely damaged, two homes sustained roof damage, and several large trees were snapped at their base. One tree fell on a manufactured home, resulting in injury to a resident.[56]
EF2E of Wadesville to Darmstadt to SSW of ElberfeldPosey, Vanderburgh, WarrickIN10:47–11:0014.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado completely ripped the roofs off several homes. Additional but more minor damage occurred to a few other homes as well. Numerous outbuildings or sheds were damaged or destroyed. Hundreds of trees were snapped or uprooted.[57]
EF2WNW of Nisbet to NNW of MillersburgVanderburgh, WarrickIN10:47–11:0314.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A significant tornado damaged or destroyed dozens of outbuildings, damaged several homes, and snapped electrical power poles. Hundreds of trees were also snapped or uprooted.[58] [59]
EF1S of Haubstadt to SE of ElberfeldVanderburgh, WarrickIN10:54–11:039.55abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Dozens of trees were snapped or uprooted and several outbuildings were damaged or destroyed. A few homes sustained minor to moderate damage. This tornado merged with the 10:48 UTC EF2 tornado.[60]
EF1S of ElberfeldVanderburgh, WarrickIN10:57–11:013.05abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A home sustained minor roof damage, several outbuildings were damaged or destroyed, and dozens of trees were snapped or uprooted.[61]
EF1SSE of ChandlerWarrickIN11:04–11:061.64abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Three homes suffered substantial roof damage and hundreds of trees were either snapped or uprooted.[62]
EF1SSE of Stanley to SW of FolsomvilleWarrickIN11:05–11:138.45abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A large barn was destroyed, and one home sustained significant shingle damage. A few other houses sustained minor damage as well. Dozens of trees were snapped or uprooted.[63]
EF1E of ChaplinNelson, WashingtonKY12:50–12:565.02abbr=onNaNabbr=on125abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Over a dozen barns and outbuildings were heavily damaged or destroyed and extensive tree damage occurred.[64]
EF1SW of LawrenceburgAndersonKY12:56–12:592.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A home had extensive roof damage while two nearby barns had large portions of their roofs removed. Another home had minor roof and exterior damage and trees were snapped or twisted.[65]
EF1NW of NicholasvilleWoodford, JessamineKY13:11–13:151.78abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Multiple barns were significantly damaged or destroyed. A garage door was blown in, a home sustained broken windows, and multiple trees were downed.[66]
EF1NNE of NicholasvilleJessamineKY13:18–13:190.42abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A very brief tornado tossed two storage sheds onto a highway. It continued into an industrial park, ripping off large portions of roofing, blowing out doors, and pulling away wall panels from many buildings and warehouses. Boards and drywall were impaled into the surrounding structures and the ground. Three vehicles were flipped over and a heavy travel trailer was moved about 20yd.[67]
EF1SSE of Monterey to N of Mount ZionBourbon, ClarkKY13:20–13:3512.68abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Three funnels consolidated into a tornado that impacted two farms. On one farm, multiple structures sustained damage. On the other property, an open-area structure was collapsed save for one remaining wall. An adjacent stable sustained roof damage and multiple trailers were flipped. Six horses were injured, a barn was demolished, and multiple large trees were downed, which likely caused damage to a stone cabin.[68]
EF1WSW of BecknervilleClarkKY13:30–13:331.94abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
One home had a portion of its roof torn off while others were damaged and trees were snapped.[69]
EF0S of SharpsburgBathKY13:37–13:380.36abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A home sustained extensive roof damage and some structural damage. The southeast corner of a barn was blown out. Extensive tree damage occurred as well.[70]
EF0ENE of SharpsburgBathKY13:390.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The back half of the roofing structure of a manufactured home was lifted. Grass, mud, and insulation plastered the front of the home. This is the only damage caused by this very brief tornado.[71]
EF1Greenup to Northern IrontonGreenup (KY), Lawrence (OH)KY, OH14:12–14:207.88abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF1 tornado began in Greenup beginning at a cemetery in town. The tornado tracked southeast, damaging the roofs of building and downing trees, some onto buildings. The tornado crossed the Ohio River into the town of Hanging Rock, where it impacted a campground. Several RV were overturned and tossed throughout the campgrounds. A salt storage dome was destroyed, causing one employee to get seriously injured. The tornado continued southeastward, damaging a few homes and the Ironton Middle School before weakening and dissipating. This was originally classified as a microburst before reanalysis determined it was a tornado.[72]
EF1N of IronvilleBoydKY14:21–14:231.1abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A single-wide trailer home was flipped, and a home was damaged and shifted off its foundation with other homes also receiving damage. This tornado was embedded within a larger area of damaging straight-line winds from the storm.[73]
EF2SW of GarnerBoydKY14:24–14:261.14abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This brief but strong tornado caused severe tree damage, destroyed several barns and outbuildings, and removed the roof from a house completely. Additional homes sustained damage.[74]
EF1NW of Willow WoodLawrenceOH14:26–14:271.09abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The roofs were blown off three structures, including two homes. Tin panels were uplifted on a barn roof as well. A few trees were knocked down. A travel trailer was rolled.[75]
EF1SSW of HuntingtonWayne, CabellWV14:340.56abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Trees were snapped or uprooted by this high-end EF1 tornado. Buildings suffered minor damage as well.[76]
EF1NW of Crown CityLawrenceOH14:34–14:350.44abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF1 tornado snapped or uprooted a significant amount of trees in the Wayne National Forest. This tornado path may be extended in later surveys.[77]
EF1NW of Wilson to northern BarboursvilleCabellWV14:39–14:424.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An intermittent, high-end EF1 tornado touched down next to the Ohio River in West Virginia, tracking southeast and damaging numerous trees.[78]
EF1NE of Crown CityGalliaOH14:40–14:410.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several large hardwood trees were uprooted in a ravine. Some barns were damaged by fallen trees. The roof and exterior walls of a warehouse were blown off.[79]
EF1S of Fraziers Bottom to BancroftPutnamWV14:54–14:598.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An intermittent, low-end EF1 tornado did scattered tree damage, mainly downing large tree limbs with a few uprooted trees at first. Moving east, a narrow swath of uprooted and snapped trees resulted in the EF1 rating. The tornado continued east, crossing the Kanawha River before dissipating in Bancroft.[80]
EF0Southern BuffaloPutnamWV14:55–14:560.55abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A high-end EF0 tornado uprooted and snapped several large trees.[81]
EF1SE of St. Albans to Northern DunbarKanawhaWV15:02–15:065abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An EF1 tornado snapped or uprooted a significant number of trees, many of which fell on and damaged homes. Another house had its roof blown off.[82]
EF2Cross Lanes to S of WallaceKanawhaWV15:04–15:108abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This intermittent but strong low-end EF2 tornado traveled near the Putnam-Kanawha County line. Several large and healthy trees were snapped at their bases and uprooted. Minor damage to homes was noted in the area, too. The tornado traveled due east, continuing to snap and uproot trees. One of the trees fell onto a home, which significantly damaged the second story of the home. Before lifting, several additional large trees were either snapped and/or uprooted.[83]
EF1W of Hernshaw to Southern MarmetKanawhaWV15:11–15:155.14abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado began in the Kanawha State Forest and skipped along an intermittent path eastward. The top floor was blown off of one structure, an RV was rolled, and significant tree damage occurred. The tornado dissipated before reaching I-64.[84]
EF1Quick to NE of CoalridgeKanawhaWV15:15–15:172.25abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Two mobile homes were destroyed, a utility pole was snapped at its base, and significant tree damage occurred.[85]
EF1Dry BranchKanawhaWV15:21–15:220.78abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado snapped and uprooted trees and damaged the roofs of a few homes.[86]
EF1SW of GeorgetownHarrison, FloydIN17:09–17:153.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on30abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado touched down multiple times, primarily inflicting damage to trees. One home had a portion of its roof decking ripped off and thrown. Roofing material and outdoor accessories were blown away as well. Another home also sustained damage to its gutter covers.[87]
EF0S of Goodrich to WNW of LimestoneKankakeeIL19:02–19:084.6abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A grain silo was tossed into a field. Trees and barns were also damaged.[88]
EFUNNE of IrwinKankakeeIL19:10–19:110.65abbr=onNaNabbr=on10abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A narrow rope tornado was photographed by several people. No known damage occurred.[89]
EF0W of WhitakerKankakeeIL19:30–19:310.52abbr=onNaNabbr=on25abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This short-lived tornado caused damage to power poles as well as a small metal structure that was destroyed.[90]
EF2S of HicoFayetteWV20:31–20:365.31abbr=onNaNabbr=on325abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A strong tornado touched down and immediately started causing considerable and significant tree damage, snapping and uprooting hundreds of trees. Several homes were damaged by trees, including one home that had significant roof damage. The tornado made a slight jog to the northeast where the tornado reached its peak intensity with significant tree damage. The tornado damaged or destroyed several homes, shifting one home several feet off its foundation and tossing the metal roof approximately 350yd.[91]
EF1SunbrightMorganTN21:20–21:252.86abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado touched down in downtown Sunbright and dealt damage to numerous residential and commercial structures. As the tornado tracked northeast, exiting the town, some metal building structures, barns, and trees in this area were damaged. The tornado re-intensified and damaged several more homes and barns before it dissipated. This tornado occurred almost exactly one year after a tornado struck Sunbright during an outbreak the previous year.[92]
EF2Watson, IN to Prospect, KY to WNW of Brownsboro, KYClark (IN), Jefferson (KY), Oldham (KY)IN, KY21:31–21:4511.15abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
See section on this tornado – There were 22 injuries.[93]
EF2BucknerOldhamKY21:46–21:535.33abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
An EF2 tornado impacted multiple homes, ripping off large portions of roofing, blowing out windows, and inverting or blowing out garage doors. The roof HVAC system at a high school was blown to the ground, and a nearby streetlight was bent. An adjacent metal warehouse sustained some roof damage and had its garage doors inverted. A large, open-faced metal RV storage building likewise sustained damage to its roof and walls. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted as well.[94]
EF1SW of Bear BranchOhioIN21:52–21:573.34abbr=onNaNabbr=on100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado touched down in the southwesternmost corner of Ohio County before destroying a garage and a well-constructed barn. The tornado continued east through inaccessible areas, uprooting trees before lifting.[95]
EF0N of RichmondWayneIN21:53–21:583.42abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado developed north of Richmond where trees were broken off and uprooted at the start of the damage path. From there, the tornado traveled northeast across I-70 causing mainly tree damage along its path. After the tornado crossed the interstate, it widened briefly, damaging several barns, outbuildings, and residential structures. Several of the barns lost major portions of their roofs, trailers were tipped over, and a porch was damaged on a home. The tornado then continued over open fields before dissipating as it approached the Ohio-Indiana state line.[96]
EF1NW of Jericho to ESE of New CastleHenryKY21:58–22:097.78abbr=onNaNabbr=on200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
This high-end EF1 tornado destroyed a poorly-anchored double-wide mobile home, and damaged homes, businesses, outbuildings, and trees.[97]
EF1NW of LeightonColbertAL21:55–22:066.96abbr=onNaNabbr=on750abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were damaged and a boat resting on a trailer was flipped and thrown 20yd.[98]
EF0S of BrooksvilleBrackenKY23:15–23:193.2abbr=onNaNabbr=on250abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Several barns, outbuildings, and trees were damaged.[99]
EF1Minerva to SW of RipleyMasonKY23:27–23:313.5abbr=onNaNabbr=on300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were uprooted and snapped and a structure suffered considerable roof loss and partial collapse of a second story brick wall.[100]
EF1NNW of Manchester to NNE of West UnionAdamsOH23:46–23:577.87abbr=onNaNabbr=on500abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado touched down and immediately destroyed a poorly-anchored mobile home. Tree and outbuilding damage also occurred in the area before the tornado tracked northeast. The tornado removed the roof of a covered bridge. Several well-constructed outbuildings were damaged and multiple large trees were snapped nearby as the tornado reached its peak intensity. More trees were snapped and uprooted as the tornado continued northeast. The tornado then briefly entered Adams Lake State Park, where considerable tree damage occurred before the tornado lifted.[101]
EF0NE of AthensLimestoneAL23:01–23:041.11abbr=onNaNabbr=on123abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Multiple small and large tree branches were snapped, a garage and a shed lost a significant amount of their metal roofing, and several large trees were uprooted.[102]
EF0E of Linnville to N of GratiotLickingOH00:08–00:155.29abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado developed and moved northeast causing mainly tree and minor structural damage along its path.[103]
EF1N of Zanesville to SSE of AdamsvilleMuskingumOH00:32–00:448.16abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
The tornado began at the Parr Airport, where it collapsed a hangar and shifted tied-down aircraft. The roof was lifted off a single-wide manufactured home; two barns and a frame home sustained roof damage as well. A small shed was destroyed. Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted.[104]
EF2SSW of LeoJacksonOH00:47–00:501.87abbr=onNaNabbr=on325abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief but strong tornado leveled an extensive portion of a thick forest. One home was damaged by a fallen tree.[105]
EF0WSW of BloomfieldMuskingumOH00:49–00:511.21abbr=onNaNabbr=on50abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado snapped a few trees and caused roof damage to a few outbuildings.[106]
EF1NE of BloomfieldGuernseyOH00:57–00:581.29abbr=onNaNabbr=on75abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted. A barn sustained minor structural damage and a manufactured home sustained partial roof damage.[107]
EF1SW of ChandlersvilleMuskingumOH01:20–01:210.54abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees were snapped or uprooted and a barn lost some of its metal roofing panels.[108]
EF1W of PlantersvilleDallas, ChiltonAL03:28–03:378.28abbr=onNaNabbr=on600abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Hundreds of trees were uprooted or snapped by this tornado, some of which blocked roads and fell near homes.[109]
EF1NE of Pletcher to SE of ClantonChiltonAL03:49–04:0615.07abbr=onNaNabbr=on450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Numerous trees sustained damage and multiple homes and outbuildings were damaged. A car trailer was blown 100yd and destroyed, as well as a barn. An additional home sustained roof damage before the tornado dissipated.[110]
EF2Northern ConyersRockdaleGA03:49–04:069.47abbr=onNaNabbr=on800abbr=onNaNabbr=on
To the west of Conyers, this tornado snapped or uprooted numerous trees and damaged homes in multiple neighborhoods. A small area of low-end EF2 damage occurred in an area where a home had a large portion of its roof removed and a nearby power pole was snapped. After crossing I-20/US 278, the tornado moved through the northern part of Conyers, causing weaker but still significant damage to homes, vehicles, and businesses. The tornado then dissipated northeast of the town along SR 138. Two people were injured.[111]
EF1N of RockfordCoosaAL04:28–04:312.65abbr=onNaNabbr=on400abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A brief tornado caused minor damage to trees and vegetation.[112]
EF0KellytonCoosaAL04:40–04:442.28abbr=onNaNabbr=on175abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Minor tree damage occurred.[113]

April 3 event

List of confirmed tornadoes –Wednesday, April 3, 2024
EF#LocationCounty / parishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax width
EF0CentervilleHoustonGA07:44–07:461.24abbr=onNaNabbr=on 150abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A very brief tornado touched down in a small forested area in town, snapping a few trees and damaging power lines and poles. A few retail signs were damaged as well.[114]
EF1SW of CordeleCrispGA08:49–08:565.55abbr=onNaNabbr=on 300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A waterspout began over Lake Blackshear and moved ashore, damaging numerous trees on the lake. Several homes sustained significant damage due to falling trees and others were dealt roof damage. Two farm pivot-irrigation systems were flipped and a few more trees were snapped before the tornado lifted.[115]
EF0SW Ponte VedraSt. JohnsFL16:08–16:090.25abbr=onNaNabbr=on 125abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A weak tornado damaged a lanai screen, removed shingles off a home, and blew a fence out.[116]
EF1NNE of Farnham to ESE of LodgeRichmond, NorthumberlandVA20:04–20:105.78abbr=onNaNabbr=on 100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
A tornado demolished a storage shed and uprooted numerous trees as it touched down. The tornado quickly moved northeast through a golf course where additional trees and sheds were damaged. After exiting the golf course, two houses saw portions of their roofs peeled off. More roof damage on houses occurred and more trees were uprooted before the tornado lifted.[117]

Watson, Indiana/Prospect–Brownsboro, Kentucky

Watson, Indiana/Prospect–Brownsboro, Kentucky
Formed:April 2, 2024, 5:31 p.m. EDT
Duration:14 minutes
Dissipated:April 2, 2024, 5:45 p.m. EDT
Fujitascale:EF2
Winds:120 mph (250 km/h)
Fatalities:0
Injuries:22

This strong tornado began along the north side of SR 265/SR 62 west of Watson, Indiana in Clark County. It moved eastward, uprooting trees and damaging an outbuilding at EF0 strength. The tornado then quickly intensified to EF1 strength as it crossed SR 62 and moved through Watson. It knocked over three tractor trailers on SR 62 and uprooted some trees. After uprooting additional trees and damaging two homes and an outbuilding, the tornado moved through the neighborhood of Brookhollow in the far northern part of Jeffersonville. In Brookhollow, many garage doors were blown out, windows were broken, brick facade crumbled, trees were uprooted, and large sections of roofs were blown off structures. Many boards were impaled and driven more than a foot into the ground with others being impaled into homes. A large metal building also had portions of its walls removed. The tornado then crossed SR 265 and struck an industrial business at the International Drive/Old Salem Road interchange. The building had parts of its roof section pulled and twisted and a 5000lb salt pod was lifted up over a 4feet concrete barrier and thrown down a hill approximately 40yd. The tornado then crossed SR 265 again and broke windows and peeled metal roofing off of more homes in the northern part of Utica before beginning an erratic eastward movement crossing the Ohio River into Kentucky.[48] [93]

As it entered Jefferson County, the tornado widened and reached its peak intensity of EF2 as it moved into Prospect and struck the Beechland Beach neighborhood. Three well-built two-story homes suffered significant roof damage, had broken windows, and had air conditioner units twisted and torn from the sides of them. Another home suffered a collapsed exterior wall, and three large pin oak trees were snapped. Continuing to move erratically eastward, the tornado weakened but reached its maximum width as it moved through Hays Kennedy Park and entered the neighborhood of The Sutherlands at high-end EF1 intensity. Numerous homes suffered roof damage, power lines were downed, power poles were snapped, and trees were uprooted. One homeowner was trapped in the basement of his home when a tree fell on his home; he had to be freed by his neighbors. Nearby, a 7abbr=onNaNabbr=on section of a locust tree was torn off, thrown 20yd, and impaled about 4feet into the ground. A personal weather station on the fence at a home on the edge of the tornado's path recorded a wind gust of 79mph. The tornado then crossed US 42 and entered the Hunting Creek neighborhood, where more trees were uprooted and more roof damage was dealt to homes, including two homes that suffered total roofing loss; this damage was rated low-end EF2 while the rest of the peak damage received an EF1 rating. The tornado then exited Hunting Creek and crossed into Oldham County as it entered Hidden Creek at a weaker low-end EF1 intensity. Trees were uprooted, barns took damage to their overhead doors and sheet metal, and some homes incurred roof damage. The tornado finally exited Prospect, weakened to EF0 strength as it crossed KY 1694, and turned northeast, striking the southern portion of a golf course, uprooting trees and damaging barns. The tornado then lifted northeast of the golf course as it crossed KY 329/KY 1694 near Brownsboro as the EF2 Buckner tornado was forming to the north.[48] [93]

The tornado was on the ground for 14 minutes, traveled 11.59miles, and reached a peak width of 450yd. There were 22 injuries in Jefferson County.[48] [93]

Non-tornadic effects

Heavy flooding in the Midwest was observed in the days leading up to the outbreak, mainly March 31. Many areas of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and West Virginia were put on flood watches and flash flood warnings.[118] Ground-to-cloud lightning was observed throughout the entire outbreak. In Carthage, Missouri, which is northeast of Joplin, straight-line wind damage was reported. Winds gusted up to 100mph during that event. Power poles were broken, and trees were snapped as a direct result of these storms. Ground scouring was also observed in parts of Central Oklahoma. In West Virginia, there were dozens of reports of straight-line wind damage along with the tornadoes. A wind gust of 92mph was recorded at Tri-State Airport in Huntington, West Virginia.[119] Heavy snowfall also affected the Midwest, with up to 17inches of snow in Wisconsin.[120]

The University of Kentucky campus in Lexington suffered minor damage from high winds, and afternoon classes and on-campus activities were canceled. The Scioto Audubon Metro Park was completely flooded.[121]

Severe storms across the Northeastern United States on April 3 produced a daily rainfall record of 1.75inches of precipitation at LaGuardia Airport in New York City, with even more rain in Newark, New Jersey.[122] Winds in Central Park reached 59mph.[123] Lightning also struck the Statue of Liberty during the storms, resulting in viral social media attention. [124] Two Major League Baseball games at Citi Field were postponed during the storm.[125] On April 2, two people were fatally crushed by fallen trees in Pennsylvania. Another fatality occurred in New York on April 3 due to downed trees.[122] Further north, up to 21.5inches of snow fell in Northern New England, with over 600,000 customers losing power.[126]

Aftermath

Over 250,000 people were left without power in the wake of the storm; with many of those outages in West Virginia.[127] At around 4:10pm on April 2, the state of Kentucky issued a state of emergency.[128] [129] West Virginia also declared a state of emergency for 21 counties.[130]

The tornado outbreak was historic in West Virginia according to the National Weather Service. Their Charleston office stated that "The 17 confirmed tornadoes are the most tornadoes for any calendar day and event on record for the NWS Charleston County Warning Area. The previous record was 6 tornadoes on April 4, 1974. To further put this number into perspective, the previous record number of tornadoes for an entire calendar year over the NWS Charleston County Warning Area was 11 set in 1980, and it took 7 different days with tornadoes to reach that number."

Ten tornadoes occurred in West Virginia; which also set a state record for the most tornadoes confirmed in a single day. The previous record was seven; set on both April 4, 1974 and June 2, 1998.[131]

See also

Notes

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  130. https://westvirginiawatch.com/2024/04/12/april-2-had-record-number-of-tornadoes-for-west-virginia-nws-warning-area/ April 2 had record number of tornadoes for West Virginia, NWS warning area
  131. https://westvirginiawatch.com/2024/04/12/april-2-had-record-number-of-tornadoes-for-west-virginia-nws-warning-area/ April 2 had record number of tornadoes for West Virginia, NWS warning area

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