See also: Index of Falkland Islands-related articles and List of Falkland Islands-related topics.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Falkland Islands:
The Falkland Islands (Spanish; Castilian: Islas Malvinas) are an archipelago located in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf. The principal islands are about 500km (300miles) east of the Patagonian coast at a latitude of about 52°S. The archipelago which has an area of 12173sqkm comprises East Falkland, West Falkland and 776 smaller islands. The islands, a British Overseas Territory, enjoy a large degree of internal self-government with the United Kingdom guaranteeing good government and taking responsibility for their defence and foreign affairs.The capital is Stanley on East Falkland.
Controversy exists over the Falklands' original discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. At various times there have been French, British, Spanish, and Argentine settlements. Britain re-established its rule in 1833, though the islands continue to be claimed by Argentina. In 1982, following Argentina's invasion of the islands, the two-month-long undeclared Falklands War between both countries resulted in the surrender of all Argentine forces and the return of the islands to British administration.
The population, estimated at 2,841, primarily consists of native Falkland Islanders, the vast majority being of British descent. Other ethnicities include French, Gibraltarian, and Scandinavian. Immigration from the United Kingdom, Saint Helena, and Chile has reversed a former population decline. The predominant and official language is English. Under the British Nationality Act of 1983, Falkland Islanders are legally British citizens.
The islands lie on the boundary of the Subarctic maritime climate and Temperate maritime climate zones with both major islands having mountain ranges reaching to 700m (2,300feet). The islands are home to large bird populations, although many no longer breed on the main islands because of the effects of introduced species. Major economic activities include fishing, tourism, sheep farming with an emphasis on high-quality wool exports, and oil exploration. Oil exploration, licensed by the Falkland Islands Government, remains controversial as a result of maritime disputes with Argentina.
Geography of the Falkland Islands
Regions of the Falkland Islands
List of ecoregions in the Falkland Islands
Demographics of the Falkland Islands
Politics of the Falkland Islands
Government of the Falkland Islands
Court system of the Falkland Islands
Foreign relations of the Falkland Islands
The government of the Falkland Islands is a member of:[2]
Law of the Falkland Islands
Military of the Falkland Islands
Local government in the Falkland Islands
History of the Falkland Islands
Culture of the Falkland Islands
Sports in the Falkland Islands
Economy of the Falkland Islands
FKP
Education in the Falkland Islands