Tōyoko Line Explained

Tōyoko Line
Native Name:東横線
Type:Commuter rail
Status:Operational
Locale:Kantō Region
Stations:21
Daily Ridership:1,239,968 (FY2018)[1]
Owner:Tokyu Corporation
Depot:Motosumiyoshi
Trainprotection:CS-ATC
Signalling:Cab Signalling
Electrification:1,500 V DC overhead catenary
Map Name:Route Map
Mapcolor: Red (#)
Map State:collapsed

The is a major railway line connecting Tokyo (Shibuya) to Yokohama. The line is owned and operated by the private railway operator Tokyu Corporation. The name of the line, Tōyoko (東横), is a combination of the first characters of Tōkyō (東京) and Yokohama (横浜), and is the mainline of the Tokyu network. The section between Den-en-chofu and Hiyoshi Station is a quadruple track corridor with the Tōkyū Meguro Line.

Services

Upon opening of the Tōkyū Shin-yokohama Line in March 2023, the typical weekday off-peak services are as follows:[2]

S-Train

See main article: S-Train (Seibu).

Limited Express (Tōyoko Express)

See also: F Liner. is the fastest service provided on the line at no extra charge. These type of trains can complete the journey between Shibuya and Motomachi-Chukagai in 35 minutes. Most Limited Express trains are through service to Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line and some to the Tobu Tojo Line or Seibu Ikebukuro Line via Fukutoshin Line. All Limited Express trains are through service to the Minatomirai Line. Trains that continuously and completely operate as express services through Tobu/Seibu, Tokyo Metro, Tokyu, and Yokohama Minatomirai railways are dubbed as "F-Liner" services. In daytime, connects to a local train at Jiyūgaoka, Musashi-Kosugi (Only inbound train passing a local train at Motosumiyoshi), and Kikuna.

Commuter Express

trains stop at all stations that Limited Express trains stop at, with the sole addition of on the Toyoko Line. They operate in the AM and PM rush hours during the weekday when Limited Express trains are not operating. It is also guided as ”Commuter Limited Express” in some cases. Most Commuter Limited Express trains will through operate into Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line as Commuter Express trains and beyond into the Tobu Tojo and Seibu Ikebukuro lines as Rapid services.

Express

trains operate all day. Upbound-wise some Express Trains will through operate into Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line as local services. In daytime, connects to a local train at Jiyūgaoka and Kikuna. Downbound-wise, some Express Trains will through operate into after instead of continue onward to /.

Local

trains stop at all stations.

Most Limited Express and Express trains are 10 cars long, and all local trains are 8 cars long.

Through operation

Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line

On 16 March 2013, the section of the Tōyoko line between Shibuya and Daikanyama Station was put underground, and connected to the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line platforms at Shibuya. Through an engineering project culminating in a dramatic single overnight maneuver, the existing surface rail line was disconnected, sunken, and reconnected with the new underground line in time for the normal morning train schedule to run.[3]

The re-routing allowed for through operation between the Tōyoko and Fukutoshin lines. Since opening of the Fukutoshin Line in 2008, trains would through operate between the Seibu Ikebukuro line (via Seibu Yurakucho line) and the Tobu Tojo line at the northern end of the Fukutoshin Line. The new connection allows trains from Tobu Railway, Seibu Railway, Tokyo Metro, Tokyu Corporation and Yokohama Minatomirai Railway to operate trains in a common corridor. As a result of the new connection, the original elevated Shibuya terminal for Tokyu trains was abandoned and demolished.[4]

Minatomirai Line

On 1 February 2004, Tōyoko line was realigned underground between Tammachi and Yokohama stations to enable through services with the Minatomirai Line.[5] The original alignment to Yokohama Station was demolished and turned into a rail trail.[6]

Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line (discontinued)

Through operation with the Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line started on 29 August 1964, with trains starting at Hiyoshi station will travel into Kita-Senju Station via a connection to the Hibiya Line at Naka-Meguro Station. In 1988, this service was extended to Kikuna Station temporarily during the realignment of Hiyoshi station to an underground corridor, but was retained as official service due to its popularity.

On 15 March 2013, with the start of through service with Fukutoshin Line, services to and from the Hibiya Line were discontinued.[7] Passengers must transfer between lines at Naka-Meguro Station.

Sōtetsu–Tōkyū Link Line

See main article: article and Eastern Kanagawa Rail Link. Through operation of the Tōkyū Shin-Yokohama Line and the Sōtetsu Shin-Yokohama Line started on 18 March 2023,[8] [9] with trains starting at Wakoshi station on the Fukutoshin Line travelling into Shin-yokohama and Shonandai via a connection to the Tōkyū Shin-yokohama Line at Hiyoshi Station.

In May 2006, both the Tokyu and Sagami Railway (Sōtetsu) announced a plan to build a 12.7km (07.9miles) long connection to allow through services between the Sōtetsu Main Line and Tōyoko Line. The connection starts at Hiyoshi Station and head to Sōtetsu Main Line's Nishiya Station. New stations are set up at Tsunashima Station, Shin-Yokohama Station and Hazawa Yokohama Kokudai Station.[10] However, when a concrete plan was specified in November 2008 for Tsunashima station, the plan was changed to the establishment of a " Station" to be constructed near Tsunashima station.

Stations

Key:

No.NameJapaneseDistance (km)LExCLELESTTransfersLocation
↑ Through-service to/from Shinrinkōen and Hannō via the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line, Tobu Tojo Line, and Seibu Ikebukuro Line ↑
渋谷0.0OOOOOShibuya, Tokyo
代官山1.5O|| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|||  |-| | | 中目黒| style="text-align:right;"| 2.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|※| Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line| rowspan="5" colspan="2"|Meguro, Tokyo|- | | | 祐天寺| style="text-align:right;"| 3.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"||||  |- | | | 学芸大学| style="text-align:right;"| 4.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|||  |- | | | 都立大学| style="text-align:right;"| 5.6| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"||||  |- | | | 自由が丘| style="text-align:right;"| 7.0| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|O| Tokyu Oimachi Line|- | | | 田園調布| style="text-align:right;"| 8.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"||| Tokyu Meguro Line| rowspan="2" colspan="2"|Ōta, Tokyo|- | | | 多摩川| style="text-align:right;"| 9.0| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"| || style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"||| |- | | | 新丸子| style="text-align:right;"| 10.3| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"||| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"||| Tokyu Meguro Line| rowspan="3"|Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki| rowspan="12"|Kanagawa Prefecture|- | | | 武蔵小杉| style="text-align:right;"| 10.8| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|※| |- | | | 元住吉| style="text-align:right;"| 12.1| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|||| Tokyu Meguro Line|- | | | 日吉| style="text-align:right;"| 13.6| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|||| | rowspan="5"|Kōhoku-ku, Yokohama|-|colspan=10 style="text-align:center"|↓ Through-running of some express trains to/from or via Tōkyū Shin-yokohama Line, Sōtetsu Shin-yokohama Line, Sōtetsu Main Line and Sōtetsu Izumino Line ↓|- | | | 綱島| style="text-align:right;"| 15.8| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"||| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"||||  |- | | | 大倉山| style="text-align:right;"| 17.5| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"||| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|||  |- | | | 菊名| style="text-align:right;"| 18.8| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|※| Yokohama Line|- | | | 妙蓮寺| style="text-align:right;"| 20.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"||| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|||  |- | | | 白楽| style="text-align:right;"| 21.4| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"| || style="text-align:center; background:lime;"||| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"||||  | rowspan="3"|Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama|- | | | 東白楽| style="text-align:right;"| 22.1| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"||| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|||  |- | | | 反町| style="text-align:right;"| 23.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|||| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"||||  |- | | | 横浜| style="text-align:right;"| 24.2| style="text-align:center; background:RoyalBlue;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Red;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:lime;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"|O| style="text-align:center; background:White;"|O| |Nishi-ku, Yokohama|-| colspan="12" align="center"|↓ Through-running to/from Motomachi-Chūkagai via the Minatomirai Line ↓|}[11]

Rolling stock

Eight-car Tokyo Metro 10000 series sets entered revenue service on the Tokyu Tōyoko Line and Minatomirai Line from 7 September 2012. These 8-car sets were subsequently reformed back into 10-car sets.[13]

Former rolling stock

History

The first section of the line from Tamagawa to Kanagawa (separate from the present Kanagawa of Keikyu) opened on 14 February 1926. The line was extended incrementally until the entire length from Shibuya to in Yokohama was opened on 31 March 1932. On 29 August 1964, through service to the Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line via Naka-Meguro Station was started.

On 31 January 2004, the section of to Sakuragichō was abandoned.[18] From 1 February, Tokyu Toyoko Line trains started through service from Yokohama to the Minatomirai Line.

On 16 March 2013, the 1.4km (00.9miles) section between Shibuya to Daikan-yama was replaced with an underground connection to the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line. The original ground-level terminal platforms were closed after the last service at 1 am that morning.[19] Just four hours later, at 5 am, trains began calling at a new set of underground platforms adjacent to those previously served only by the Fukutoshin Line.[20] During this time, 1,200 workers shifted the track alignment at Daikan-yama Station along a pre-built incline.[21] Since that day, Tokyu and Yokohama Minatomirai Railway trains commenced through running onto the Fukutoshin Line and beyond. Tokyo Metro, Tobu, and Seibu also started operating their trains through to the Tōyoko and Minatomirai Lines. At the same time, through service on Hibiya Line ended.

In 2022, Tokyu announced the commencement of "Q-Seat" service on the Tōyoko Line for fiscal 2023. The Tōyoko Line will be the second Tokyu line to feature reserved seating services, the first being the Oimachi Line.[22] Therefore, 5050 series 8-car set 5166 was reformed as 10-car set 4112 with two newly built “Q-Seat” cars. They feature the same livery used for the Oimachi Line, however were painted in red instead of orange. Set 4112 is currently undergoing testing and is being stored at Nagatsuta Depot.[23] The cars started service on 24 October 2022 with "Q-Seat" services originally scheduled for February 2023.[24] However as of August 2023, "Q-Seat" services are scheduled to begin service within the beginning of the month on 10 August.[25]

Platform screen doors were scheduled to be installed at all station on the line by 2020.[26] This work was finished on time before April 2020.[27]

Incidents and accidents

On 15 February 2014, two trains collided and derailed at Motosumiyoshi station resulting in nineteen injuries.[28] Operations continuing at normal speed during heavy snow were seen as likely cause.[29]

Future developments

  • On 13 May 2022, Tokyu Corporation announced its decision to implement driver-only operation on the Tōyoko Line by fiscal 2023, at the earliest. The Tōyoko Line fleet is due to be modified accordingly.[30]

See also

External links

]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Tokyu Corporation 2019-2020 . 14 November 2022 . 14 November 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221114075856/https://www.tokyu.co.jp/tokyu/ebtkk-2019-20/book.pdf . 83 . live.
  2. Web site: 東急電鉄 各駅時刻表 東横線. Tokyu Railway Timetables Tōyoko Line. 19 March 2023. 17 March 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230317043740/https://www.tokyu.co.jp/railway/timetable/ty.html. live.
  3. Web site: 1200 Station Workers in Tokyo Shift Tracks From Above to Underground in Just One Night. 3 November 2014. Spoon and Tamago. 6 March 2023. 18 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190218193455/https://www.spoon-tamago.com/2014/11/03/1200-station-workers-in-tokyo-shift-tracks-from-above-to-underground-in-just-one-night. bot: unknown.
  4. Web site: 16 March 2013 . 東急東横線渋谷駅地上ホームの営業終了 . Tokyu Tōyoko Line's elevated Shibuya station closes . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220725202241/https://railf.jp/news/2013/03/16/133600.html . 25 July 2022 . 25 July 2022 . Japan Railfan Magazine . Koyusha Co., Ltd. . Japan . ja.
  5. Web site: 27 November 2003 . みなとみらい線との相互直通運転開始に伴い2004年2月1日（日）、東横線のダイヤを改正します . On Sunday 1 February 2004, the timetable for the Tōyoko Line will be revised due to the start of through service with the Minatomirai Line. . https://web.archive.org/web/20150414235310/http://www.tokyu.co.jp/file/031127-1.pdf . 14 April 2015 . 6 August 2022 . tokyu.co.jp . ja.
  6. Web site: 東横線跡地遊歩道活用実験 . Former Tōyoko Line remnants promenade utilization experiment . https://web.archive.org/web/20220604114232/https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/kurashi/machizukuri-kankyo/toshiseibi/design/jitsurei/toshinbu/toyokokatsuyo.html . 4 June 2022 . 6 August 2022 . city.yokohama.lg.jp . ja.
  7. Web site: 16 March 2013 . 東急東横線・東京メトロ日比谷線の相互直通運転が終了 . Through operation between the Tokyu Tōyoko Line and Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line ends . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210512020419/https://railf.jp/news/2013/03/16/134800.html . 12 May 2021 . 25 July 2022 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . Koyusha Co., Ltd. . Japan . ja.
  8. Web site: 28 January 2022 . 「相鉄・東急直通線」2023年3月開業へ 連絡線と駅2つを新設 . "Sotetsu/Tokyu direct line to open in March 2023, New connecting line and two new stations . https://web.archive.org/web/20220131065516/https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASQ1W7G0QQ1WULOB012.html . 31 January 2022 . 6 August 2022 . Asahi Shimbun . ja.
  9. Web site: 相模鉄道，3月18日にダイヤ改正を実施 . Sagami Railway implements timetable revision on March 18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221217061934/https://railf.jp/news/2022/12/16/202000.html . 17 December 2022 . 17 December 2022 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . ja.
  10. Web site: 13 December 2018 . 相鉄新横浜線・東急新横浜線、神奈川東部方面線の路線名称が決定 . Line names for Sotetsu Shin-Yokohama Line, Tōkyū Shin-yokohama Line, and Eastern Kanagawa Line decided . https://web.archive.org/web/20220408090016/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20181213-sotetsutokyu/ . 8 April 2022 . 6 August 2022 . MyNavi Corporation . ja.
  11. https://www.tokyu.co.jp/railway/ (This reference represents all of "Stations" section.)
  12. Web site: Wakabayashi . Kenya . 25 September 2021 . 東京メトロ「兄弟車」有楽町線・副都心線17000系と半蔵門線18000系 . Tokyo Metro "brother car" - Yurakucho/Fukutoshin Line 17000 series and Hanzomon Line 18000 series . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220607200558/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20210925-1700018000/ . 7 June 2022 . 25 July 2022 . Mynavi News . ja.
  13. Web site: 8 September 2012 . 東京メトロ10000系が東横線・みなとみらい線で営業運転を開始 . Tokyo Metro 10000 series enters revenue service on Tokyu Tōyoko and Minato Mirai Line . https://web.archive.org/web/20210519023059/https://railf.jp/news/2012/09/08/210000.html . 19 May 2021 . 11 September 2012 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . Koyusha Co., Ltd. . Japan . ja.
  14. Book: ja: 私鉄車両年鑑2012 . Japan Private Railways Annual 2012. Ikaros Publications Ltd. . February 2012 . Tokyo, Japan . ja . 144. 978-4-86320-549-9.
  15. Web site: 16 March 2013 . 東横線から9000系が姿を消す . Tōyoko Line 9000 series operation ends . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114191316/https://railf.jp/news/2013/03/16/133000.html . 14 January 2022 . 25 July 2022 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . Koyusha Co., Ltd. . Japan . ja.
  16. Web site: 29 September 2012 . 東京メトロ7000系が東横線・みなとみらい線で営業運転を開始 . Tokyo Metro 7000 series begins revenue service on the Tōyoko Line and Minatomirai Line . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210519023103/https://railf.jp/news/2012/09/29/180000.html . 19 May 2021 . 25 July 2022 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . Koyusha Co., Ltd. . Japan . ja.
  17. Web site: Shibata . Togo . 13 July 2022 . またも｢サイレント引退｣東京メトロ7000系の足跡 通勤電車 . Tokyo Metro 7000 series follows the footprints of "silent retirement" . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220717004903/https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/600925 . 17 July 2022 . 25 July 2022 . Toyo Keizai Online . ja.
  18. Book: Terada, Hirokazu . ja: データブック日本の私鉄 . Databook: Japan's Private Railways. Neko Publishing. 19 January 2013. Japan. 70–71. 978-4-7770-1336-4.
  19. News: 安井功 . 15 March 2013 . さよなら東横線渋谷駅…大改造計画が始動 . Goodbye Tōyoko Line Shibuya Station ... Major remodeling plan started . MSN Sankei News . 17 March 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220407050652/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFK1504O_V10C13A3000000/ . 7 April 2022.
  20. News: 14 March 2013 . さよなら「ヒビチョク」 副都心線乗り入れの陰で、菊名～北千住が３月１５日終幕 . ja . Goodbye "Hibichoku" Kikuna-Kitasenju ends on March 15th, behind the Fukutoshin Line . Kanaloco . dead . 17 March 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130425095522/http://news.kanaloco.jp/localnews/article/1303140008/ . 25 April 2013.
  21. News: 19 November 2014 . 1,200 Japanese workers convert above-ground train to subway line in a matter of hours . SoraNews24 . Socio Corporation . 17 May 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210826010835/https://soranews24.com/2014/11/19/1200-japanese-workers-convert-above-ground-train-to-subway-line-in-a-matter-of-hours/ . 26 August 2021.
  22. Web site: 29 July 2022 . Tokyu Toyoko Line "Q Seat" to be introduced, 2 out of 10 cars to use rotating transverse seating . 東急東横線「Q SEAT」導入、10両中2両をロング・クロス転換車両に . 30 July 2022 . Mynavi News . ja . 29 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220729132510/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20220729-2411615/ . live .
  23. Web site: 9 August 2022 . 東横線向け「Q SEAT」車両が登場 . "Q SEAT" train for the Tōyoko Line is presented for testing . https://web.archive.org/web/20220809120536/https://railf.jp/news/2022/08/09/140000.html . 9 August 2022 . 10 August 2022 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . ja.
  24. Web site: 21 October 2022 . 東急東横線の「Q SEAT」、23年のサービス開始に先立ち「一般車両」として運行へ . Tokyu Toyoko Line "Q SEAT" to operate as "general vehicle" prior to service start in 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221021063940/https://trafficnews.jp/post/122492 . 21 October 2022 . 21 October 2022 . Traffic News . ja.
  25. Web site: 26 July 2023 . 東急東横線で8月10日から有料座席指定サービス「Q SEAT」を開始 . 8 August 2023 . Japan Railfan Magazine Online . ja.
  26. Web site: 9 January 2015 . ja: ２０２０年を目標に東横線・田園都市線・大井町線の全６４駅にホームドアを設置します . Platform edge doors to be installed at all 64 stations on Tōyoko Line, Den-en-toshi Line, and Oimachi Line . http://www.tokyu.co.jp/information/list/?id=157 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150109142809/http://www.tokyu.co.jp/information/list/?id=157 . 2015-01-09 . 31 July 2015 . News release . Tokyu Corporation . ja . Japan.
  27. Web site: International . Railway Gazette . 2020-04-07 . Tokyu Corp completes platform edge door programme . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20200410094947/https://www.railwaygazette.com/infrastructure/tokyu-corp-completes-platform-edge-door-programme/56090.article . 2020-04-10 . 2024-02-25 . Railway Gazette International . en.
  28. Web site: http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASDG1501K_V10C14A2CC0000/. ja: 後続電車が追突し脱線 東横線、乗客19人けが一部区間で運転見合わせ. Later train collides and derails on the Tōyoko Line. 19 passengers injured, some services suspended. Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 15 February 2014. 29 August 2014. 25 July 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220725202242/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASDG1501K_V10C14A2CC0000/. live.
  29. Web site: 15 February 2014 . 雪でブレーキ力低下か、ATCは作動 東横線事故 . Tōyoko Line incident. Were the brakes compromised due to the snow? The Automatic Train Control was operational. . https://web.archive.org/web/20220106074233/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASDG1503W_V10C14A2CC1000/ . 6 January 2022 . 29 August 2014 . Nihon Keizai Shimbun.
  30. Web site: 19 May 2022 . 「東急東横線 ワンマン運転」対応の車両改修はじまる 副都心線に続き「早期実現」へ . Tokyu to begin refurbishing vehicles to allow for driver-only operation on the Tōyoko Line, following implementation on the Fukutoshin Line . https://web.archive.org/web/20220522151204/https://trafficnews.jp/post/118712 . 22 May 2022 . 20 May 2022 . Traffic News . ja.

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