Tithorea harmonia explained
Tithorea harmonia, the Harmonia tiger-wing or Harmonia tiger,[1] is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae.
Description
Tithorea harmonia has a wingspan reaching about . This toxic "tiger" butterfly has the usual pattern of black wings with bright orange bands. The forewings have a black tip. Also the antennae are orange. Larvae feed on Prestonia species.[2]
Distribution
This widespread species can be found from Mexico to South America.
Subspecies
Listed alphabetically:[3]
- T. h. brunnea Haensch, 1905 (Peru)
- T. h. caissara (Zikán, 1941) (Brazil)
- T. h. cuparina Bates, 1862 (Brazil)
- T. h. dorada Brown, 1977 (Venezuela)
- T. h. egaensis Butler, 1873 (Brazil)
- T. h. flacilla Godman & Salvin, 1898 (Colombia)
- T. h. furia Staudinger, 1884 (Ecuador - Venezuela)
- T. h. furina Godman & Salvin, 1898 (Colombia)
- T. h. gilberti Brown, 1977 (Peru)
- T. h. harmonia (Surinam, Venezuela, French Guiana)
- T. h. helicaon Godman & Salvin, 1879 (Nicaragua - Panama, Costa Rica)
- T. h. hermias Godman & Salvin, 1898 (Ecuador, Amazon)
- T. h. hermina Haensch, 1903 (Ecuador)
- T. h. hippothous Godman & Salvin, 1879 (Guatemala)
- T. h. irene (Drury, 1782) (Panama)
- T. h. lateflava (Haensch, 1909) (Bolivia)
- T. h. manabiana Fox, 1956 (Ecuador)
- T. h. martina Fox, 1956 (Peru)
- T. h. megara (Godart, 1819) (Trinidad)
- T. h. melanina Haensch, 1905 (Peru)
- T. h. neitha Hopffer, 1874 (Peru)
- T. h. pseudethra Butler, 1873 (Brazil)
- T. h. pseudonyma Staudinger, 1894 (Bolivia)
- T. h. salvadoris Staudinger, 1885 (El Salvador)
- T. h. sulphurata (Zikán, 1941) (Brazil)
Notes and References
- http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/Amazon%20-%20Tithorea%20harmonia%20hermias.htm Harmonia Tiger
- http://www.cs.umb.edu/~whaber/Monte/Ithomid/Tith-harm.html Tithorea harmonia
- http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/danainae/tithorea/ "Tithorea Doubleday, [1847]"] at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
