Titanium oxide explained

Titanium oxide may refer to:^[1]

• Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide), TiO₂
• Titanium(II) oxide (titanium monoxide), TiO, a non-stoichiometric oxide
• Titanium(III) oxide (dititanium trioxide), Ti₂O₃
• Ti₃O
• Ti₂O
• δ-TiO_x (x= 0.68–0.75)
• Ti_nO_2n−1 where n ranges from 3–9 inclusive, e.g. Ti₃O₅, Ti₄O₇, etc.

Reduced titanium oxides

A common reduced titanium oxide is TiO, also known as titanium monoxide. It can be prepared from titanium dioxide and titanium metal at 1500 °C.

Ti₃O₅, Ti₄O₇, and Ti₅O₉ are non-stoichiometric oxides. These compounds are typically formed at high temperatures in the presence of excess oxygen.^{[2] [3]} As a result, they exhibit unique structural and electronic properties, and have been studied for their potential use in various applications, including in gas sensors, lithium-ion batteries, and photocatalysis.

Notes and References

1. Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications
2. Kumar . Ashish . Barbhuiya . Najmul H. . Singh . Swatantra P. . 2022-11-01 . Magnéli phase titanium sub-oxides synthesis, fabrication and its application for environmental remediation: Current status and prospect . Chemosphere . en . 307 . 135878 . 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135878 . 35932919 . 2022Chmsp.307m5878K . 251339628 . 0045-6535.
3. Soleimani . Meisam . Ghasemi . Jahan B. . Badiei . Alireza . 2022-01-01 . Black titania; novel researches in synthesis and applications . Inorganic Chemistry Communications . en . 135 . 109092 . 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109092 . 244769343 . 1387-7003.