| Tiruchirappalli District | |
| Other Name: | Trichy District |
| Settlement Type: | District of Tamil Nadu |
| Coordinates: | 10.7833°N 119°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Tamil Nadu |
| Subdivision Type2: | Metro |
| Subdivision Type3: | Municipal corporations |
| Subdivision Name3: | Tiruchirappalli |
| Subdivision Type4: | Municipalities |
| Subdivision Name4: | Thuraiyur, Manapparai, Thuvakudi, Lalgudi, Musiri |
| Subdivision Type5: | Town panchayats[1] |
| Subdivision Name5: | Balakrishnampatti, Kallakudi, Kattuputhur, Koothappar, Manachanallur, Mettupalayam, Ponnampatti, Poovalur, Pullambadi, South Kannanur, Sirugamani, Thathaiyangarpet, Thottiyam, Uppiliapuram |
| Subdivision Type6: | divisions |
| Subdivision Name6: | Tiruchirappalli division, Lalgudi division, Musiri division, Srirangam division |
| Parts Type: | Talukas |
| Parts: | Lalgudi taluk, Manachanallur taluk, Manapparai taluk, Marungapuri taluk, Musiri taluk, Srirangam taluk, Thiruverumbur taluk, Thottiyam taluk, Thuraiyur taluk, Tiruchirappalli West taluk, Tiruchirappalli East taluk |
| Seat Type: | Headquarters |
| Seat: | Tiruchirapalli |
| Leader Title1: | Collector |
| Leader Name1: | M. Pradeep Kumar, IAS[2] |
| Leader Title2: | Superintendent of Police |
| Leader Name2: | Varun Kumar, IPS[3] |
| Leader Title3: | Assistant Collector |
| Leader Name3: | J. E. Padmaja, IAS[4] |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Rank: | 10th |
| Area Total Km2: | 4403.83 |
| Elevation M: | 88 |
| Population Total: | 2,722,290 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Rank: | 6th |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Tamil |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Postal Code Type: | PIN |
| Postal Code: | 620 xxx and 621 xxx |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone code |
| Area Code: | 0431 |
| Iso Code: | |
| Registration Plate: | TN-45, TN-48, TN-81[5] |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | IUCN category |
| Blank2 Name Sec1: | Central location: |
| Blank2 Info Sec1: | 10.7833°N 119°W |
| Translit Lang1 Type: | திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி (தமிழ்-Tamil) |
Tiruchirappalli District is one of the 38 districts, located along the Kaveri River, in Tamil Nadu, India. The headquarters of the district is the city of Tiruchirappalli.
During the British Raj, the district was referred to as Trichinopoly, and was a district of the Madras Presidency; it was renamed upon India's declaration of independence in 1947. The district is spread over an area of and had a population of 2,722,290 in 2011.
Tiruchirappalli district lies almost at the exact centre of Tamil Nadu. The district has an area of 4,404 square kilometres. It is bounded in the north by Salem district, Northwest by Namakkal district, in the Northeast by Perambalur District, East by Ariyalur district and Thanjavur District, in the southeast by Pudukkottai district and Sivagangai district, in the south by Madurai district, in the southwest by Dindigul district and, in the west by Karur district. The district shares its borders with 10 other districts, the highest for any district in the state. The Kaveri river flows through the length of the district and is the principal source of irrigation and drinking water.
Kolli Hills form the boundary of Tiruchirapalli and Namakkal districts and Pachaimalai Hills form the Boundary of Salem and Perambalur district with Tiruchirapalli district in the North and North East.
The North most and South most parts of the district are hilly, central part of the district is Kaveri plains. Trichy district is diverse in landscape, mixture of Fertile, Delta, Valleys, Hilly areas, Semi Arid Zones. Central part of the district is fertile due to river Kaveri flowing through this district, by splitting the district into North and South. North Central and South Central part of the district is Semi arid and drought prone area, receives less rainfall. Evergreen Pachaimalai Hills and Kolli Hills form the Stunning and Enchanting Valley in between these two hills. Falls and Streams from these two hills fills up the lakes in valley areas and makes the land irrigated and Fertile. Pachaimalai Hills receives high rain fall than average during both Northeast Monsoon as well as Southwest Monsoon, which makes these hills Greener throughout the year and gives a cool climate.
According to 2011 census, Tiruchirappalli district had a population of 2,722,290 with a sex-ratio of 1,013 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 49.15% of the population lives in urban areas.[6] A total of 272,456 were under the age of six, constituting 139,946 males and 132,510 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 17.14% and 0.67% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 74.9%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[6] The district had a total of 698,404 households. There were a total of 1,213,979 workers, comprising 161,657 cultivators, 319,720 main agricultural labourers, 25,174 in house hold industries, 575,778 other workers, 131,650 marginal workers, 9,012 marginal cultivators, 59,062 marginal agricultural labourers, 5,212 marginal workers in household industries and 58,364 other marginal workers.[7]
At the time of the 2011 census, 95.67% of the population spoke Tamil, 2.08% Telugu and 1.10% Urdu as their first language.[8]
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In 2013, Tiruchirappalli district went from nine taluks to eleven taluks.[9]
Tiruchirappalli District consists of the following urban centres:
The major rivers are the River Kaveri and the River Kollidam.The important rivers across city is Koraiyar, Uyyakondan and Kudamuruti rivers.
The district has a large cattle and poultry population with agriculture workers in the smaller villages like Kalpalayathanpatti.
The rivers Kaveri and Kollidam start branching out to form the Kaveri delta irrigating vast tracts of land in the district. The major crops are rice (vast tracts); sugarcane (vast tracts); banana/plantain; coconut; cotton (small tracts); betel; maize; and groundnut.
Trichirapalli district is well known for all varieties of Banana Cultivation. Banana research centre is located in Tiruchirapalli Agricultural University. National Research Centre for Banana, ICAR NRB is also located in Trichy.
Tiruchirapalli district is well known for Sugarcane Plantation also, Agriculture Research Centre for Sugarcane is located in Sirugamani.
Coffee, Hill Jackfruit, Cassava, mountain crops are grown in the Pachaimalai Hills of Tiruchirapalli district.
The first five divya desam temples are located in tiruchirappalli district.