Timeline of the Bronx explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the borough of the Bronx in New York City, New York, United States.

Prior to the 19th century

• Prior to European settlement: The Indian Siwanoy tribe of the Wappinger Confederacy roamed the eastern portion of the area that became the Bronx.
• 1639 - Jonas Jonasson Bronck settles and establishes a farm (which he named Emmaus) on 500 acres in what will become known as the Bronx.
• 1642 - Summer: Anne Hutchinson and family move to a location near Split Rock.
• 1643 - August: Anne Hutchinson and others are massacred in an Indian raid during Kieft's War. Anne's daughter Susanna was the only survivor.
• 1646
  • Adriaen van der Donck gets a land grant from the Director of New Netherland Willem Kieft. van der Donck names the estate Colen Donck.
  • Thomas Cornell granted a four square mile patent which encompasses what is now Clason Point.
• 1654
  • Thomas Pell bought a large tract of land from Chief Wampage and other Siwanoy Indian tribal members under Treaty Oak.
  • Westchester Village was founded by English settlers who left New Haven Colony for Dutch New Netherland, on land purchased by Thomas Pell in 1654.^[1] The settlement was called Oostdorp, or East Towne, and called Westchester by the English settlers.
• 1655 - September 15: Farms in what is now the Bronx were attacked during the Peach War between the Munsee and New Netherlands.
• 1664 - The Province of New York, a British colony, is created by the acquisition of the Dutch colony of New Netherland as part of the treaty ending the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
• 1683 - Westchester County, is created. It contains all of the lands that would eventually become the Bronx.^[2]
• 1748 - Van Cortlandt House is built.
• 1758 - Valentine–Varian House is built.
• 1761 - Benjamin Palmer buys an island and renames it City Island.^[3]
• 1776
  • Battle of Pell's Point (Battle of Pelham) takes place in what is now Pelham Bay Park.
  • Two rival Loyalist military units, New Jersey Volunteers, and De Lancey's Brigade began operating in the area between Morrisania and the Croton Rivers. De Lancey's Brigade had three battalions stationed in Kingsbridge.
• 1777 - March: The Loyal American Regiment was raised and joins two other Loyalist military units that operate out of Morrisania and Kingsbridge.
• 1781 - January 22: Lieutenant Colonel William Hull led a part of the 2nd Canadian Regiment in raiding De Lancey's Brigade in Morrisania. The 2nd Canadian Regiment burned the enemy's barracks, captured 52 prisoners, and took large supplies of ammunition and forage.^[4]

19th century

1800s-1880s

• 1833 - Fort Schuyler is constructed.
• 1840 - St. Ann's Episcopal Church (Bronx), is constructed.
• 1841 - Fordham University established as St. John's College.
• 1844 - Grace Church, an Episcopal church in West Farms, Bronx was incorporated. The founding rector of the church was Washington Rodman.^{[5] [6]}
• 1846 - Town of West Farms was created from the town of Westchester, New York^[7]
• 1848 - Gouverneur Morris Jr. sells 200 acres to create Morrisania Village.^[2]
• 1852 - July 28: The steamboat Henry Clay, travelling from Albany, catches fire on the Hudson river. The crew beached the steamboat in Riverdale where it continued to burn down. Forty-seven bodies were recovered.^[8]
• 1855
  • Gouverneur Morris Jr. sells additional land to be combined with Morrisania Village to form the Town of Morrisania.^[2]
  • Fonthill Castle purchased to become the campus of the College of Mount St. Vincent.
  • The Union of Morrisania baseball team was founded in Morrisania.
• 1856 - The Haffen Brewing Company is founded by Matthias Haffen in the area of Melrose that is today known as "The Hub".
• 1857 - The foundry of Janes, Fowler, Kirtland & Company, owned by Adrian Janes moves to facilities in the Bronx in order to cast the second United States Capitol dome.
• 1860
  • The Robert Colgate House is constructed.
  • The Sunnyslope building is built.
• 1865 - The St. James' Episcopal Church and Parish House is consecrated.
• 1866 - St Barnabas Hospital founded.^[9]
• 1873 - The state legislature annexes three towns from Westchester County to New York City as of 1874. The three annexed towns of this "Annexed District" (later known as the West Bronx) were the Town of West Farms, the Town of Morrisania, and the Town of Kingsbridge.^[2]
• 1884
  • Montefiore Medical Center founded in Manhattan. In 1913 it moved to the Bronx.
  • Pelham Park and City Island Railway are both incorporated on August 30.
• 1888 - The Washington Bridge connects the Bronx and Manhattan island.
• 1889 - The Keeper's House at Williamsbridge Reservoir is built.

1890s

• 1890
  • The Lebanon Hospital, a precursor to the Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, is founded.^[10]
  • Construction of the Webb's Academy and Home for Shipbuilders building began in 1890 14acres of land on a bluff overlooking the Harlem and Hudson rivers.^[11]
• 1891 - New York Botanical Garden established.
• 1892
  • Union Railway Company of New York City, a streetcar franchise is chartered.
  • Fordham Hospital became the first public (municipal) hospital to be located in the Bronx.
• 1893 - The building for the Webb's Academy and Home for Shipbuilders was completed on the former Fordham estate of William Henry Webb. The building was "a romantic version of a medieval castle", with turrets, fanciful carving, and other flourishes.
• 1894
  • Bronx Chamber of Commerce founded.^[12]
  • Hall of Fame for Great Americans is built on what was then New York University's campus, which is now the Bronx Community College campus.
• 1895
  • The East Bronx, (including City Island) is transferred to New York City from Westchester County.
  • Van Cortlandt Park public golf course opens, the oldest public course in the United States.^[13]
• 1896 - The first United States marathon (40 km), ran from Stamford, Connecticut, to Columbia University's Columbia Oval athletic field in Norwood.^{[14] [15]}
• 1897
  • Morris High School opens.
  • Jahn's ice cream parlor in business.
  • Bronx Borough Hall is constructed.
• 1898
  • January 1: The Bronx established as a borough in the City of Greater New York.
  • Louis F. Haffen becomes the first borough president.^[16]
  • Lincoln School for Nurses founded.^[17]
• 1899
  • April 29: The Colored Home and Hospital dedicated its new home at the corner of 141st Street and Southern Boulevard.^[18]
  • Bronx Zoo opens.
  • Calvary Hospital opens.

20th century

1900s

• 1900 - The first class of the Lincoln School for Nurses graduated.^[19]
• 1901 - The first City Island Bridge opens.
• 1904 - IRT subway begins operating.
• 1905
  • New York Public Library Mott Haven branch opens.
  • Bronx Society of Arts and Sciences founded.https://books.google.com/books?id=6GxFAAAAYAAJ
  • 145th Street Bridge opens.
• 1906
  • Jerome Park Reservoir built.^[20]
  • The 52nd Police Precinct Station House and Stable is completed.
  • Randall Comfort writes History of Bronx Borough, City of New York, which was published by the North Side News Press, of the Bronx.^[21]
  • Ota Benga is exhibited in the Bronx Zoo's Monkey House.^[22] The Howard Colored Orphan Asylum in Brooklyn later provided housing for him.^[23]
• 1907
  • The Bronx Home News begins publication.^[24]
  • Thomas Edison's Edison Studios moves to the Bronx.
• 1908 - Pelham Bridge opens.
• 1909
  • Grand Concourse begins operating.
  • John F. Murray, the Commissioner of Public Works, becomes the second borough president. after governor Charles Evans Hughes removes Louis F. Haffen from office.^[25]
  • 1909 South Brother island became uninhabited when the summer home of Jacob Ruppert, a brewery magnate and early owner of the New York Yankees, burned down.^[26]

1910s

• 1910
  • Cyrus C. Miller becomes the third borough president.
  • The first motion picture adaptation of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is filmed in the Bronx by Edison Studios.
• 1911 - Bronx Hospital established.
• 1912
  • Bronx County created (effected in 1914).^[27]
  • Design of the Bronx flag adopted.
  • The New York Knickerbockers of the United States Baseball League played in the Bronx Oval.^[28]
  • December 3: Borough President Miller proposed the creation of terminal markets in New York City, including the seeds of the original Bronx Terminal Market.^[29]
  • December 16: The first suffrage hike in America, organized by Rosalie Gardiner Jones, goes from the Bronx to Albany.^{[30] [31]}
• 1913
  • Montefiore Medical Center moves to its current location in the Norwood neighborhood of the Bronx.
  • Bronx Opera House opens.^[32]
• 1914
  • January 1: The parts of New York County which had been annexed from Westchester County were newly constituted as the County of the Bronx, the 62nd and last county to be created by the state, effective in 1914.^{[33] [34]}
  • Bronx Board of Trade established.
  • October 28: Birth of Jonas Salk.
  • Kingsbridge Armory built.
  • Douglas Mathewson becomes the fourth borough president.
  • Francis W. Martin takes office as the first Bronx County District Attorney.
• 1916 - Radio 2XG begins broadcasting.
• 1917
  • March 3: New York City transit stations for the IRT White Plains Road Line, including Allerton Avenue, Bronx Park East, Burke Avenue, East 180th Street, Gun Hill Road, Nereid Avenue, Pelham Parkway, 219th Street, 225th Street, and 233rd Street were opened for service.^{[35] [36]}
  • The Bronx Terminal Market built.
  • Portions of the IRT Jerome Avenue Line opened.
  • The Pelham Bay Naval Training Station was constructed.^[37]
  • Columbia University turns over the Columbia War Hospital, to the United States Army. It is renamed U.S. Army General Hospital No. 1.^[38]
  • The Haffen Brewing Company is purchased, and closed down by Jacob Ruppert, Sr.
• 1918
  • Bronx Rotary Club formed.^[39]
  • Henry Bruckner becomes the fifth borough president.
  • IRT Jerome Avenue Line fully opened.
  • Portions of the IRT Pelham Line are opened.
  • The Bronx International Exposition of Science, Arts and Industries takes place in Exposition Park (Starlight Park)

1920s

• 1920
  • Population: 732,016.^{[40] [41]}
  • Final part of the IRT Pelham Line is opened.
• 1921 - May: The Bronx Board of Trade honors James L. Wells as the "Father of the Bronx".
• 1922 - Manhattan College moves to the Riverdale section of the Bronx.
• 1923 - Yankee Stadium opens.
• 1924 - The Andrew Freedman Home opens.
• 1925 - Bronx River Parkway built.
• 1927 - Amalgamated Dwellings housing project built.
• 1928 - Alexander's department store in business.
• 1929
  • Loew's Paradise Theatre in business.
  • June 26: Birth of Jules Feiffer.

1930s

• 1930
  • Loehmann's shop in business.
  • December 10, 1930: A bank run at the 1254 Southern Boulevard branch leads to the financial collapse of the Bank of United States.^{[42] [43] [44]}
  • Population: 1,265,258.
• 1931
  • Hunter College Bronx campus opens.
  • Stella D'oro bakery in business.
• 1933
  • IND Concourse Line opens.
  • Monroe College established in the West Farms section of the Bronx.
  • July 7: The Industrial Union Party DeLeonist political party is formed at 1032 Prospect Avenue.
• 1934
  • James J. Lyons becomes the sixth borough president (in office until 1962).
  • Bronx County Courthouse built.
• 1935 - Construction of the Mosholu Parkway begins.
• 1936
  • The Triboro Bridge and Henry Hudson Bridge open.
  • June 19, 1936: In Yankee Stadium, German ex-heavyweight champion boxer Max Schmeling defeats American and not-yet-champion Joe Louis, in an upset that was used as propaganda by the Nazi regime.^{[45] [46]}
• 1937
  • Bronx General Post Office built.
  • Bronx County Jail built.
  • Mosholu Parkway is completed.
  • Williamsbridge Oval Park is opened.
• 1938
  • Bronx High School of Science established.
  • SUNY Maritime College moves to its present Throggs Neck campus in Fort Schuyler.
  • June 22, 1938: Now-heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis defeats Max Schmeling, in a rematch of their 1936 Yankees Stadium bout, again played up by both countries for propaganda purposes.^{[47] [46]}
• 1939 - Bronx-Whitestone Bridge opens.

1940s

• 1940
  • Bronx Press-Review newspaper begins publication.
  • April 25: Birth of Al Pacino.
• 1941
  • IRT Dyre Avenue Line opens.
  • Casa Amadeo music store opens.
• 1944 Cyrus C. Miller was appointed as the first official Bronx Borough Historian in 1944, and continued that appointment until 1953.^[48]
• 1946 - April: The United Nations moved to Hunter College's Bronx campus (now Lehman College) for almost five months, until August 15, 1946.^[49]
• 1947 - Over six million New Yorkers are vaccinated in order to end the 1947 New York City smallpox outbreak.
• 1948 - The remaining streetcars of the Third Avenue Railway are replaced by buses.
• 1949 - Kingsbridge Historical Society formed.^[50]

1950s

• 1950
  • Patterson Houses built.
  • Riverdale Press newspaper is founded.
• 1951 - Bronx River Houses built.
• 1953
  • Liebman's deli in business.
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine established.
• 1955
  • Deegan Expressway and Cross Bronx Expressway begin operating.
  • Bronx County Historical Society established.^[51]
• 1956 - The Third Avenue Railway is purchased by New York City Omnibus Corporation.
• 1957
  • Bronx Community College established.
  • July 20, 1957: the Rev. Billy Graham holds a prayer service at Yankees Stadium attended by over 100,000 people, including vice-president Richard Nixon.^[46]
• 1959 - Original Products botánica active.^[52]

1960s

• 1960
  • Loeser's deli in business.
  • Freedomland U.S.A. opens.
  • Häagen-Dazs is created by Reuben and Rose Mattus.
  • First coronary artery bypass surgery performed at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Bronx Municipal Hospital Center.
• 1961
  • The last class of the Lincoln School for Nurses graduated.
  • Throgs Neck Bridge opens.
• 1962
  • Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center established.^[53]
  • Joseph F. Periconi becomes the seventh borough president.
  • Bus operator New York City Omnibus Corporation goes bankrupt and its operations are taken over by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority.
  • The Bronx Council on the Arts is established.
• 1963
  • The revised (1963) New York City Charter creates community boards within each borough.^[54]
  • Cross Bronx Expressway completed.
• 1965 - November 9: Northeast blackout of 1965.
• 1966 - Herman Badillo becomes the eighth borough president.
• 1967
  • City University of New York's Lehman College established.
  • Hunts Point Terminal Market opens.
• 1968
  • Museum of Bronx History opens.
  • Savage Seven street gang formed.^[55]
  • Hostos Community College established.
• 1969
  • Graffitist Taki 183 active.^[56]
  • Bronx Borough Hall is demolished.

1970s

• 1970
  • Co-op City housing complex built.
  • Robert Abrams becomes the ninth borough president.
  • July 14: Members of the Young Lords Party staged a protest which lasted 12 hours to address issues at Lincoln Hospital.
  • Population: 1,471,701.
• 1971
  • Bronx Museum of the Arts established.
  • December 8: The Hoe Avenue peace meeting between New York City gangs took place.
  • The Office of the Special Narcotics Prosecutor for the City of New York is created to handle drugs related crimes.
• 1972 - BronxWorks human service organization is founded as "Citizens Advice Bureau".
• 1973 - Hip hop disc jockey Kool Herc active; Universal Zulu Nation founded.^[57]
• 1974
  • Northwest Bronx Community and Clergy Coalition formed.
  • Hip hop disc jockeys Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, and Grandmaster Flash active.
• 1975
  • Bronx News newspaper is founded.
  • The newly completed 44 story tall River Park Towers become the tallest buildings in the borough.^[58]
• 1976
  • City Island Nautical Museum opens.
  • July 15: Fordham Hospital, which was the first public (municipal) hospital in the Bronx, is closed.
  • September 28: Muhammad Ali wins the last boxing match to be staged at Yankee Stadium. Police officers demonstrated outside the stadium as a part of a labor action,^[46]
  • October 25: The $100 million North Central Bronx Hospital is opened^{[59] [60]}
• 1977
  • July 13–14: New York City blackout of 1977.
  • October: United States President Jimmy Carter visits South Bronx.^[61]
  • Rock Steady Crew musical group formed.
  • Rosalyn Sussman Yalow receives the Nobel prize for the invention of Radioimmunoassay (RIA), which she developed with Solomon Berson while working in the Bronx Veterans Administration Hospital.
• 1978
  • Disco Fever dance club active.
  • Royal Caribbean Bakery in business.
  • Robert García becomes U.S. representative for New York's 21st congressional district.^[62]
  • Fashion Moda art space active.
• 1979
  • Stanley Simon becomes the tenth borough president.
  • Cold Crush Brothers musical group active.
  • October 2, 1979: Pope John Paul II celebrates "Mass at the Stadium for World Justice and Peace" at Yankee Stadium.^[46]

1980s

• 1981 - Bronx Times-Reporter newspaper is founded.
• 1982
  • Bathgate Industrial Park opened
  • Hostos Center for the Arts & Culture, a performing arts and visual arts center in Hostos Community College opens.
• 1983 - Baen Books, the science fiction and fantasy publishing house is formed.
• 1984 - Shooting of Eleanor Bumpurs by police.
• 1987 - Fernando Ferrer becomes the eleventh borough president.
• 1988
  • Norwood News begins publication.
  • Conviction of Wedtech scandal participants.
• 1989
  • The offices of the Riverdale Press are firebombed
  • The first Golden Krust Caribbean Bakery restaurant opens on East Gunhill Road.^[63]

1990s

• 1990
  • José E. Serrano becomes U.S. representative for New York's 18th congressional district.^[64]
  • 87 people die in Happy Land fire
  • June 21, 1990: Nelson Mandela is welcomed at Yankees Stadium by 80,000 people at the beginning of an 11-day tour of the United States, after being released from prison in South Africa.^[46]
• 1991 - Concourse Plaza Multiplex cinema in business.
• 1992 - Mothers on the Move group formed.http://mothersonthemove.org/mission.html
• 1993
  • Riverdale Review newspaper begins publication.
  • The POINT Community Development Corporation is founded in Hunts Point.^[65]
  • The movie A Bronx Tale is released.
• 1994
  • Death of Anthony Baez
  • First "Tour de Bronx" bike ride, organized by Bronx Borough President Fernando Ferrer and the Bronx Tourism Council, was held.^[66]
• 1995 - Per Scholas, the educational nonprofit organization is established.
• 1996
  • La Division 21 botánica active.
  • July 4: Death of Nathaniel Levi Gaines at the 167th Street station "D" line platform.^[67]
  • Lloyd Ultan is appointed as the fourth Bronx Borough Historian by Bronx Borough President Fernando Ferrer.^[68]
• 1999 - February 5: Shooting of Amadou Diallo.
• 2000
  • Bronx Preparatory Charter School established.
  • Ghetto Film School active.http://www.ghettofilm.org/category/gfs/
  • October 8: Molotov cocktails are thrown at the Conservative Synagogue Adath Israel of Riverdale^[69]

21st century

2000s

• September 23, 2001: A memorial service, titled "Prayer for America," is held at Yankee Stadium to remember the victims of the September 11 attacks.^{[70] [71]}
• 2002 - Adolfo Carrión, Jr. becomes the twelfth borough president.
• 2003
  • January 24: Four teenage boys drown in the Long Island Sound near City Island when their overloaded dinghy sinks. A communication misunderstanding between them and the 911 dispatcher contributed to their deaths^[72]
  • August 14: Northeast blackout of 2003.
  • Celia Cruz Bronx High School of Music established.
• 2005
  • November: Fulton Fish Market moves to Hunts Point.
  • East Bronx History Forum established.^[73]
  • Two FDNY firefighters are killed on Black Sunday.
  • The Bronx Children's Museum is created.^[74]
• 2006
  • Bronx County Hall of Justice built.^[75]
  • Hunts Point Express newspaper is founded.
  • José the Beaver spotted in the Bronx River.^{[76] [77]}
• 2008 - April 20, 2008: Pope Benedict XVI leads Mass at Yankee Stadium celebrating the bicentennial of the Archdiocese of New York.^{[78] [79]}
• 2009
  • A new Yankee Stadium is built next to the site of the prior Yankee stadium.
  • Hutchinson Metro Center office complex built.
  • Rubén Díaz, Jr. becomes the thirteenth borough president.
  • Bronx Terminal Market (shopping mall) in business.
  • Mott Haven Herald newspaper is founded.
  • May 2: Four men were arrested for the 2009 Bronx terrorism plot.^[80]

2010s

• 2010
  • Population: 1,385,108 in the Bronx.^[81]
  • A second beaver takes residence in the Bronx River. The beaver is named "Justin" after the Canadian singer Justin Bieber in a contest held by the Bronx Zoo.^[82]
  • July 25: A tornado touched down in Riverdale.^[83]
• 2011 - March 12: World Wide Tours bus crash
• 2012
  • February 2: Ramarley Graham was shot by a NYPD officer.^[84]
  • July 31: Homicide victim Ramona Moore was last seen near Crotona Park.^[85]
• 2013
  • Plan to redevelop the Kingsbridge Armory into the Kingsbridge National Ice Center is announced.
  • July 2013 Spuyten Duyvil derailment - freight train derailment.
  • December 1: December 2013 Spuyten Duyvil derailment 4 people are killed and scores injured after a Metro-North Railroad train derailed near the Spuyten Duyvil station in the Bronx.^[86]
• 2014 - Governor Andrew Cuomo expresses his support for the Penn Station Access project in his 2014 State of the State address. The project includes the creation of four new Metro-North stations, one in Hunts Point, and the rest in the East Bronx.
• 2015 - Two outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease take place.
• 2017
  • December 2: Golden Krust founder and CEO Lowell Hawthorne commits suicide in the company's Claremont factory.^{[63] [87]}
  • December 28: Prospect Avenue fire - On the night of December 28, 2017, a fire tore through an apartment building in the Belmont neighborhood of the Bronx. Thirteen people died and 14 were injured. It was the deadliest fire in New York City in 25 years.
• 2018
  • Voters of the 14th Congressional district elect Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez as their representative, replacing Joe Crowley.
    • June 20: Death of Lesandro Guzman-Feliz 2019 - August 18–21: The 2019 Bronx Open Women's Tennis Association international tournament was held in Crotona Park.^[88]

2020s

• 2021 - February 5: SOMOS Community Care opened up Yankee Stadium as a COVID-19 vaccination "mega-site" operated by the SOMOS and the New York National Guard. Former Yankees Mariano Rivera participated in the opening of the site.^{[89] [90]}
• 2022
  • January 1: Vanessa Gibson became the fourteenth Bronx Borough President, as well as the first female and first African American elected to that office.^[91]
  • January 9: At least nineteen people were killed, and at least 60 others were injured, after a fire tore through an apartment building in the Fordham Heights neighborhood of the Bronx. Officials are expecting it to be one of the New York City's worst fires in modern times.^[92]

See also

• History of the Bronx
• History of the South Bronx
• List of New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx
• National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx
• List of streetcar lines in the Bronx
• List of New York City Subway stations in the Bronx
• List of Bronx neighborhoods
• List of events at Yankee Stadium (1923)

other NYC boroughs:

• Timeline of Brooklyn
• Timeline of Queens
• Timeline of Staten Island
• Timeline of New York City - a timeline inclusive of both Greater New York City and Manhattan history.

Bibliography

• Book: Trow's Business Directory of Manhattan and the Bronx . Trow (Formerly Wilson's) business directory of the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx, city of New York1903-1911 . 1898 . NY . Trow.

Published in 20th century

1900s-1940s

• Book: Trow's General Directory of Manhattan and the Bronx . 1909 . NY .
  • Book: James L. Wells . James L. Wells . etal . The Bronx and Its People; A History 1609-1927 . Lewis Historical Publishing Company . 1927 . 6456406 . . 3 volumes
• Book: Federal Writers' Project . New York City Guide . . New York . Random House . 1939 . The Bronx. HathiTrust . 2027/mdp.39015008975883 . Federal Writers' Project .

1950s-1990s

• . 1964–present
• Book: Lloyd Ultan. The Beautiful Bronx (1920-1950). 1979. Arlington House. 978-0-517-54800-4. Lloyd Ultan (historian).
  • Book: Images of America. Bill Twomey and John McNamara. Throggs Neck-Pelham Bay. 1998. Arcadia Publishing. 9780738500133.
• Book: Stephen M. Samtur. Martin A. Jackson. The Bronx: Lost, Found, and Remembered, 1935-1975. 1999. Back in the Bronx. 0965722112.
• Book: Images of America. Bill Twomey. East Bronx. 1999. Arcadia. 9780738503011.
• Book: Lloyd Ultan. Gary Hermalyn. Gary Hermalyn. The Birth of the Bronx: 1609-1900 . 2000. Bronx County Historical Society. 978-0-941980-38-8.
• Book: Lloyd Ultan. Barbara Unger. Bronx Accent: A Literary and Pictorial History of the Borough. 2000. Rutgers University Press. 978-0-8135-2863-2.

Published in 21st century

2000s

• Book: Alternative Art, New York, 1965-1985. Julie Ault. Julie Ault. 2002. University of Minnesota Press. 978-0-8166-3794-2. Chronology of selected alternative structures, spaces, artists' groups, and organizations in New York City, 1965-85. https://books.google.com/books?id=2ZzxqQqQk94C&pg=PA17. .
• Book: Jill Jonnes. South Bronx Rising: The Rise, Fall, and Resurrection of an American City. 2002. Fordham University Press. 978-0-8232-2199-8.
  • Book: Images of America. Bill Twomey. South Bronx. 2002. Arcadia. 9780738510200.
• Book: James Trager. New York Chronology. 2003. Harper Collins. 978-0-06-201860-1. .
• Book: Evelyn Diaz Gonzalez. The Bronx. 2004. Columbia University Press. 978-0-231-50835-3. .
• Book: Celina Su. Streetwise for Book Smarts: Grassroots Organizing and Education Reform in the Bronx. 2009. Cornell University Press. 978-0-8014-5809-5. .

2010s

• Book: Kenneth T. Jackson. Kenneth T. Jackson. Encyclopedia of New York City . 2nd . 2010. Yale University Press. 978-0-300-18257-6. Bronx. https://books.google.com/books?id=lI5ERUmHf3YC&pg=PT810. . (+ 1st ed., 1995, via Internet Archive)
• Book: Norval White . etal. AIA Guide to New York City. 2010. 5th. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-977291-9. .
• Book: Images of America. Bill Twomey. Thomas X. Casey. Northwest Bronx. 2011. Arcadia . 978-1-4396-3930-6.
• Book: Andrew F. Smith . Savoring Gotham: a Food Lovers Companion to New York City. 2015. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-026363-8. .
• Book: Lloyd Ultan. Shelley Olson. The Bronx: The Ultimate Guide to New York City's Beautiful Borough. 2015. Rutgers University Press. 978-0-8135-7320-5.

External links

• Web site: Lehman College . Bronx Research . Library Research Guides .
• Items related to the Bronx, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
• Web site: New York Public Library . Best of the Web: New York City History: the Bronx .
• List of titles published by the Bronx County Historical Society

Notes and References

1. Robert Bolton. A History of the County of Westchester, from Its First Settlement, Volume II. New York: Alexander S. Gould, 1848
2. Web site: Phase IA Cultural Resource Assessment . 7 September 2023 . s-media.nyc.gov.
3. http://www.cityisland.com/history.html History of City Island
4. Book: Everest . Allan S. . Moses Hazen and the Canadian refugees in the American Revolution . 1976 . Syracuse, N.Y. . 978-0-8156-0129-6 . 90 . First.
5. Book: Bolton. Robert. History of the Protestant Episcopal Church, in the County of Westchester: From Its Foundation, A.D. 1693 to A.D. 1853. 1855. Stanford & Swords. 703 - 707. https://archive.org/details/historyofprotest00boltuoft. historic grace episcopal church west farms.. 22 January 2018. en. History of the Parish and Church of West Farms..
6. Book: Bolton. Robert. The History of the Several Towns, Manors, and Patents of the County of Westchester: From Its First Settlement to the Present Time. 1881. C. F. Roper. 440. 22 January 2018. en.
7. Robert Bolton, A history of the county of Westchester, from its first settlement to the present time vol. II (New York, 1848) pp 259ff is the source for this section.
8. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1852/07/30/87838967.pdf The Henry Clay Catastrophe. – Forty-seven Bodies Recovered Several Passengers Missing. Additional Particulars From the Wreck. Meeting of Survivors at Astor House.
9. Web site: About - SBH Health System. SBH Health System. 26 November 2017.
10. Web site: History Bronx-Lebanon Health System. www.bronxcare.org. 28 April 2018.
11. Book: Dunbaugh . Edwin L. . A Centennial History of Webb Institute of Naval Architecture . 1994 . Webb Institute of Naval Architecture . Glen Cove, N.Y. . 0-9622631-1-7.
12. Web site: Bronx Chamber of Commerce . January 30, 2016 .
13. Book: Patrick Robertson. Robertson's Book of Firsts . 2011. Bloomsbury . 978-1-60819-738-5.
14. Book: Levinson. David. Christensen. Karen. Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present. 1999. Oxford University Press. 9780195131956. 235. en.
15. Web site: Kennedy. Patrick L.. There Was a Marathon in New York in 1896. The New York Times. 6 January 2018. 5 November 2017.
16. Web site: Past Bronx Borough Presidents . Bronx Borough President . January 30, 2016 .
17. Web site: (Search: Bronx) . Archives and Manuscripts . New York Public Library . January 30, 2016 .
18. Web site: History . . April 15, 2017.
19. Web site: archives.nypl.org -- Lincoln School for Nurses collection . archives.nypl.org . February 22, 2022.
20. Web site: Bronx History Timeline . 24 May 2013 . Bronx County Historical Society . January 30, 2016 .
21. Book: Comfort . Randall . Steurer . Charles David . Meyerhoff . Charles A. D. . History of Bronx Borough, City of New York . 1906 . North side News Press . Bronx, New York . 9 July 2019.
22. News: Looking Back at the Strange Case of Ota Benga . NPR.org . National Public Radio . June 19, 2020 . en.
23. News: The Scandal at the Zoo . August 6, 2006 . The New York Times . Keller . Mitch . June 19, 2020.
24. Web site: US Newspaper Directory . Washington DC . . Library of Congress . January 30, 2016 .
25. News: UNLIKELY TO NAME HAFFEN'S SUCCESSOR; Bronx Aldermen Expected to Put Off Action Until After the Regular Election. JOHN F. MURRAY IN HIS PLACE Commissioner of Public Works Becomes Acting President of the Bronx -- Haffen's Order of Removal Filed. . 16 August 2020 . The New York Times . 1 September 1909.
26. News: Timothy . Williams . City Claims Final Private Island in East River . . November 20, 2007 . May 26, 2008 . limited.
27. Web site: New York: Individual County Chronologies . Atlas of Historical County Boundaries . Scholl Center for American History and Culture . . Chicago . January 30, 2016 .
28. News: NEW LEAGUE OPENS SEASON IN BRONX; New York and Reading Teams Play Ten-Inning Tie Game, Score 10 to 10. . 28 January 2019 . The New York Times . 2 May 1912.
29. News: MILLER WANTS TWO TERMINAL MARKETS: Head of Mayor's Commission Favors One South of 14th St. and One Near 52d St. MUCH FOOD NOW WASTED Other Speakers at Women's Reception Urge the Building of Centres For Economy . The New York Times . December 3, 1912 . 13.
30. News: Gen. Jones's Hike Starts. Her Suffragist Army Will Carry a Petition tO Albany. . 'Gen.' Rosalie Jones and her suffragist army started a 'hike' to Albany yesterday to take a petition to the legislature asking for women watchers at the polls when the question of votes for women is voted upon in 1915. The march began at Broadway and 242d Street at 9 o'clock in the morning. ... . . January 2, 1914 . 2009-08-14 .
31. Book: Ida Husted Harper . Susan B. Anthony . Matilda Joslyn Gage . Matilda Joslyn Gage . History of woman suffrage . Fowler & Wells . 1922 . The "hike" began Monday morning, Dec. 16, 1912, from the 242nd street subway station, where about 500 had gathered, and about 200, including the newspaper correspondents, started to walk. From New York City to Albany there was left a trail of propaganda among the many thousands of people who stopped at the cross roads and villages to listen to the first word which had ever reached them concerning woman suffrage, and many joined in and marched for a few miles. The newspapers far and wide were filled with pictures and stories. The march continued for thirteen days, through sun and rain and snow over a distance of 170 miles, including detours for special propaganda, and five pilgrims walked into Albany at 4 p. m., December 28. . 451 . Ida Husted Harper . Susan B. Anthony .
32. Web site: Movie Theaters in the Bronx, New York . CinemaTreasures.org . Cinema Treasures LLC . Los Angeles . January 30, 2016 .
33. Book: Thorne, Kathryn Ford. Long, John H.. New York Atlas of Historical County Boundaries . Simon & Schuster . 1993 . 33, 118–133 . 0-13-051962-6.
34. New York. Laws of New York. 1912, 135th Session, Chapter 548, Section 1. p. 1352.
35. News: New Subway Line Opened: White Plains Extension is Now Running to 238th Street. New York Times. 17 August 2015.
36. News: WHITE PLAINS ROAD EXTENSION OF SUBWAY OPENED TO THE PUBLIC; New Branch, Which Runs from 177th to 219th Street, Gives the Williamsbridge and Wakefield Sections of the East Bronx Rapid Transit for the First Time. March 4, 1917. The New York Times.
37. Book: Twomey. Bill. The Bronx, in Bits and Pieces. 2007. 103. AuthorHouse. 9781600080623. 11 February 2018. en.
38. Web site: Office of Medical History SECTION V OTHER GENERAL HOSPITALS CHAPTER XXV ARMY AND NAVY GENERAL HOSPITAL; GENERAL HOSPITAL, FORT BAYARD; LETTERMAN GENERAL HOSPITAL; GENERAL HOSPITALS, NOS. 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, AND 8.. history.amedd.army.mil. 6 January 2018.
39. Web site: Rotary Club of the Bronx . January 30, 2016 .
40. Book: Richard L. Forstall . Populations of States & Counties of the U. S. (1790-1990). 1996. US Census Bureau. 978-0-7881-3330-5.
41. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. United States: New York State . 2027/njp.32101072368440 . Statesman's Year-Book .
42. News: FALSE RUMOR LEADS TO TROUBLE AT BANK; Branches of Bank of United States in the Bronx Meet All Withdrawal Demands. LARGE CROWD AT ONE PLACE Long Line of Depositors Paid in Full--Officers Allay the Fears of Others. Other Branches Meet Demands. Conference of Bankers. . November 4, 2021 . The New York Times . December 11, 1930.
43. News: Roberts . Sam . 5 New York Buildings That Changed American History . November 4, 2021 . The New York Times . October 31, 2019.
44. News: Gray . Christopher . Streetscapes: The Bank of the United States in the Bronx; The First Domino In the Depression . November 4, 2021 . The New York Times . August 18, 1991.
45. Book: Durso, Joseph . Yankee Stadium: Fifty Years of Drama . registration . Houghton Mifflin . 1972. 9780395140079 . p. 90-91
46. News: Gallo. William. The Stadium, Part 6: Blood & Glory. retrospective. New York Daily News. 2007. 19 May 2011.
47. Book: Durso, Joseph . Yankee Stadium: Fifty Years of Drama . registration . Houghton Mifflin . 1972. 9780395140079 . p. 91-93
48. News: C.C. MILLER DIES; BRONX EX-LEADER; Borough President From 1910 to 1913 Dies--Honored for Service to Transit Returned to Law Practice Star Lacrosse Player . 22 August 2020 . The New York Times . 23 January 1956 . 25.
49. http://www1.cuny.edu/events/cunymatters/cm2.pdf "Lehman: Center of the Diplomatic Universe"
50. Web site: Kingsbridge Historical Society . January 30, 2016 .
51. Book: Directory of Historical Organizations in the United States and Canada . 2002 . 15th . 0759100020 . American Association for State and Local History . New York . Rowman Altamira . https://books.google.com/books?id=LY0Q5Rv4O3YC&pg=PA560 . American Association for State and Local History .
52. Web site: Bronx, New York . Directory of Religious Centers . Pluralism Project . Harvard University . January 30, 2016 .
53. Web site: Bronx, New York . . New York . Nonprofit Explorer . 9 May 2013 . Mike Tigas and Sisi Wei . January 30, 2016 .
54. News: Forman . Seth . Gotham Gazette -- Community Boards . 16 June 2020 . www.gothamgazette.com . Gotham Gazette.
55. Book: Emmett G. Price. Hip Hop Culture . 2006. ABC-CLIO. 978-1-85109-867-5 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=Q84TiHcqDqcC&pg=PA105 .
56. Book: James Braxton Peterson. Hip-Hop Underground and African American Culture . 2014. Palgrave Macmillan. 978-1-137-30526-8 . Hip-Hop Timeline . https://books.google.com/books?id=71uoBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT149 .
57. Web site: Timeline . Independent Lens . . Hip-Hop: Beyond Beats & Rhymes . Independent Television Service . 2007 . Independent Television Service .
58. Web site: 40-year anniversary for River Park Towers. Goodstein. Steven. Bronx Times. 16 May 2015 . en. 2018-12-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124937/https://www.bxtimes.com/stories/2015/20/20-towers-2015-05-15-bx.html. 2018-12-09. live.
59. News: Williams . Lena . Board of Doctors Demands Opening Of Bronx Hospital . 17 March 2019 . The New York Times . 15 September 1976.
60. News: Bird . David . New North Central Bronx Hospital Finally Gets to Admit First Patient . 17 March 2019 . The New York Times . 26 October 1976.
61. Book: 1998 . Carter Administration: Urban Policy. Encyclopedia of Urban America: The Cities and Suburbs . Neil L. Shumsky . ABC-CLIO . 1849723362 .
62. Book: Official Congressional Directory . Washington DC . Government Printing Office . 1979 . New York . 2027/mdp.39015012846567 . Official Congressional Directory .
63. News: Reuven Blau . Stephen Rex Brown . Golden Krust CEO plagued by tax debt, lawsuit over stiffing workers out of thousands before his suicide . 18 July 2020 . nydailynews.com . New York Daily News . December 4, 2017.
64. Web site: Members of Congress . . Civic Impulse, LLC . Washington, DC . January 30, 2016 .
65. Web site: History. THE POINT CDC. 19 December 2017. 21 June 2016.
66. Web site: Carter . Vivian . Tour de Bronx Puts Pedal to the Metal Oct. 25 - Norwood News . Norwood News . 1 November 2018 . 18 October 2015.
67. News: Krauss . Clifford . Lone Officer Kills Man in Subway Station . 7 October 2019 . The New York Times . 6 July 1996.
68. Web site: Bronx Borough Historian Lloyd Ultan Marks 15 Years in Office . The Office of The Bronx Borough President Ruben Diaz Jr. . 22 August 2020.
69. News: Two Rabbis Find They're Separated Only by Doctrine . Samuel G. Freedman . The New York Times . May 29, 2009 . December 13, 2009 .
70. News: Anderson. Porter. Prayer service: 'We shall not be moved'. CNN.com. 23 September 2001. 14 May 2011. One of several emotional high points in Sunday's "Prayer for America" service at New York's Yankee Stadium followed Bette Midler's singing of "Wind Beneath My Wings.".
71. News: Hopkins. Nick. At Yankee Stadium, a tearful farewell to victims: Relatives among thousands attending service.. Guardian.com.uk. 24 September 2001. 14 May 2011. A famous stadium that normally reverberates to the shouting and cheering of baseball fans became an unlikely cathedral last night in which the relatives and friends of America's terrorist victims paid their tearful respects.. London.
72. News: Body Is Likely That of 4th Missing Boy, Police Say . The New York Times . Andrea . Elliott . May 20, 2003.
73. Web site: East Bronx History Forum . January 30, 2016 .
74. Web site: Wirsing . Robert . Bronx Children's Museum construction begins . Bronx Times . 13 July 2018 . en . July 24, 2017.
75. Web site: USA: New York: New York City: the Bronx . https://web.archive.org/web/20150511170553/http://www.emporis.com/borough/100002/the-bronx-new-york-city/1 . usurped . May 11, 2015 . . Emporis GmbH . Hamburg . January 30, 2016 .
76. Web site: An Evening with Jose the Bronx River Beaver. bronxriver.org. 29 April 2018.
77. Web site: Cox. Linda R.. José the Bronx River Beaver Seen at Garden - Plant Talk. Plant Talk. 29 April 2018. 29 September 2010.
78. Web site: Graff. Monika. Pope Benedict XVI holds mass at Yankee Stadium in New York. photo and caption. UPI. 20 April 2008. 14 May 2011. Pope Benedict XVI holds the papel staff as he waves good-bye to clergymen after delivering mass at Yankee Stadium on April 20, 2008 in New York..
79. Web site: Associated Press. Mass at Yankee Stadium caps pope's U.S. visit: Pontiff earlier prayed at World Trade Center site, greeted 9/11 survivors. NBC News. 21 April 2008. 14 May 2011. Pope Benedict XVI celebrated Mass and American Catholicism in storied Yankee Stadium on Sunday, telling his massive U.S. flock to use its freedoms wisely as he closed out his first papal trip to the United States..
80. News: Hernandez . Javier C. . Sewell Chan . N.Y. Bomb Plot Suspects Acted Alone, Police Say . . May 21, 2009 . May 21, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20140724081544/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/22/nyregion/22terror.html. July 24, 2014. live.
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82. Web site: Roberts. Daniel. Bronx River resident is a Bieber beaver. Bronx Times. 19 October 2010 . 29 April 2018. en.
83. Web site: National Climatic Data Center . 2010 . October 26, 2010 . New York Event Report: EF1 Tornado . dead . https://archive.today/20240522194456/https://www.webcitation.org/5tm7FXAec?url=http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll%3Fwwevent~ShowEvent~823089 . May 22, 2024 .
84. News: Lysiak. Matthew. Beekman. Daniel. McShane. Larry. Cops cheer NYPD Officer Richard Haste, charged in death of teen Ramarley Graham. New York Daily News. June 13, 2012. March 15, 2020.
85. News: Kochman. Ben. Bronx superintendent suspected of murder gets 4 years in prison for beating wife. New York Daily News. April 23, 2015. March 14, 2020.
86. News: Focus Turns to Investigation in Fatal Bronx Train Crash . The New York Times . James . Barron . J. David . Goodman . December 1, 2013.
87. News: Nancy Dillon . Chelsia Rose Marcius . Golden Krust CEO remembered as a 'compassionate visionary' at packed Brooklyn funeral . 18 July 2020 . nydailynews.com . New York Daily News . December 19, 2017.
88. Web site: Yensi . Amy . The Bronx Open: Pro Women's Tennis Comes to the Borough . www.ny1.com . Spectrum NY1 News . 15 March 2020 . en . August 23, 2019.
89. News: Narizhnaya . Khristina . Hogan . Bernadette . Hicks . Nolan . Musumeci . Natalie . Mariano Rivera cheers opening of COVID-19 vaccine site at Yankee Stadium . 10 February 2021 . New York Post . 5 February 2021.
90. News: Governor Cuomo Announces Mass Vaccination Site at Yankee Stadium is in Development . February 10, 2021 . Governor Andrew M. Cuomo . January 29, 2021 . en.
91. Web site: Balk. Tim. Vanessa Gibson is elected first female Bronx borough president. 2021-11-11. nydailynews.com. 3 November 2021 .
92. Web site: 2022-01-09. 32 sustain 'life threatening' injuries in massive fire at NYC apartment building; 60+ hurt in total. 2022-01-09. ABC7 New York. en.