Timeline of operating systems explained

This article presents a timeline of events in the history of computer operating systems from 1951 to the current day. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the History of operating systems.

1950s

• 1951
  • LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office'^[1] was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, supported by British firm J. Lyons and Co.
• 1953
  • DYSEAC - an early machine capable of distributing computing
• 1955
  • General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701^[2]
  • MIT's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103^{[3] [4]}
• 1956
  • GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System
• 1957
  • Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer project start)
  • BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 704, later IBM 7090 and IBM 7094
• 1958
  • University of Michigan Executive System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709, and 7090
• 1959
  • SHARE Operating System (SOS), based on GM-NAA I/O

1960s

• 1960
  • IBSYS (IBM for its 7090 and 7094)
• 1961
  • CTSS demonstration (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
  • MCP (Burroughs Master Control Program) for B5000

• 1962
  • Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer commissioned)
  • BBN Time-Sharing System
  • GCOS (GE's General Comprehensive Operating System, originally GECOS, General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor)
• 1963
  • ADMIRAL^[5]
  • AN/FSQ-32, another early time-sharing system begun
  • CTSS becomes operational (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
  • JOSS, an interactive time-shared system that did not distinguish between operating system and language
  • Titan Supervisor, early time-sharing system begun
• 1964
  • Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)
  • Chippewa Operating System (for CDC 6600 supercomputer)
  • Dartmouth Time Sharing System (Dartmouth College's DTSS for GE computers)
  • EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)
  • KDF9 Timesharing Director (English Electric) – an early, fully hardware secured, fully pre-emptive process switching, multi-programming operating system for KDF9 (originally announced in 1960)
  • OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) (announced)
  • PDP-6 Monitor (DEC) descendant renamed TOPS-10 in 1970
  • SCOPE (CDC 3000 series)
• 1965
  • BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating System)
  • DECsys
  • TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating System)
  • Livermore Time Sharing System (LTSS)
  • Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645) (announced)
  • Pick operating system
  • SIPROS 66 (Simultaneous Processing Operating System)^[6]
  • THE multiprogramming system (Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven) development
  • TSOS (later VMOS) (RCA)
• 1966
  • DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating System)
  • GEORGE 1 & 2 for ICT 1900 series
  • Mod 1^[7]
  • Mod 2^[8]
  • Mod 8^[9]
  • MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8 system)
  • MSOS (Mass Storage Operating System)^[10]
  • OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) PCP and MFT (shipped)
  • RAX
  • Remote Users of Shared Hardware (RUSH), a time-sharing system developed by Allen-Babcock for the IBM 360/50
  • SODA for Elwro's Odra 1204
  • Universal Time-Sharing System (XDS Sigma series)
• 1967
  • CP-40, predecessor to CP-67 on modified IBM System/360 Model 40
  • CP-67 (IBM, also known as CP/CMS)
  • Conversational Programming System (CPS), an IBM time-sharing system under OS/360
  • Michigan Terminal System (MTS)^[11] (time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67 and successors)
  • ITS (MIT's Incompatible Timesharing System for the DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10)
  • OS/360 MVT
  • ORVYL (Stanford University's time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67)
  • TSS/360 (IBM's Time-sharing System for the S/360-67, never officially released, canceled in 1969 and again in 1971)
  • WAITS (SAIL, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, time-sharing system for DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10, later TOPS-10)
• 1968
  • Airline Control Program (ACP) (IBM)
  • B1 (NCR Century series)^[12]
  • CALL/360, an IBM time-sharing system for System/360
  • Real-Time Executive (RTE) – Hewlett-Packard^[13]
  • THE multiprogramming system (Eindhoven University of Technology) publication
  • TSS/8 (DEC for the PDP-8)
  • VP/CSS
• 1969
  • B2 (NCR Century series)^[14]
  • B3 (NCR Century series)
  • GEORGE 3 For ICL 1900 series
  • Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645 and later the Honeywell 6180) (opened for paying customers in October^[15])
  • RC 4000 Multiprogramming System (RC)
  • TENEX (Bolt, Beranek and Newman for DEC systems, later TOPS-20)
  • Unics (later Unix) (AT&T, initially on DEC computers)
  • Xerox Operating System

1970s

• 1970
  • DOS-11 (PDP-11)
• 1971
  • EMAS
  • Kronos
  • RSTS-11 2A-19 (First released version; PDP-11)
  • RSX-15
  • OS/8
• 1972
  • B4 (NCR Century series)
  • COS-300
  • Data General RDOS
  • Edos
  • MUSIC/SP
  • OS/4
  • OS 1100
  • Operating System/Virtual Storage 1 (OS/VS1)
  • Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R1 (OS/VS2 SVS)
  • PRIMOS (written in FORTRAN IV, that didn't have pointers, while later versions, around version 18, written in a version of PL/I, called PL/P)
  • Virtual Machine/Basic System Extensions Program Product (BSEPP or VM/SE)
  • Virtual Machine/System Extensions Program Product (SEPP or VM/BSE)
  • Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370), sometimes known as VM/CMS
• 1973
  • Эльбрус-1 (Elbrus-1) – Soviet computer – created using high-level language uЭль-76 (AL-76/ALGOL 68)
  • Alto OS
  • CP-V (Control Program V)
  • RSX-11D
  • RT-11
  • VME – implementation language S3 (ALGOL 68)
• 1974
  • ACOS-2 (NEC)
  • ACOS-4
  • ACOS-6
  • CP/M^[16]
  • DOS-11 V09-20C (Last stable release, June 1974)
  • Hydra^[17] – capability-based, multiprocessing OS kernel
  • MONECS
  • Multi-Programming Executive (MPE) – Hewlett-Packard
  • Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 R2 (MVS)
  • OS/7
  • OS/16
  • OS/32
  • Sintran III
• 1975
  • BS2000 V2.0 (First released version)
  • COS-350^[18]
  • ISIS
  • NOS (Control Data Corporation)
  • OS/3 (Univac)
  • VS/9 (formerly RCA's TSOS, later named VMOS)
  • Version 6 Unix
  • XVM/DOS
  • XVM/RSX
• 1976
  • Cambridge CAP computer^[19] – all operating system procedures written in ALGOL 68C, with some closely associated protected procedures in BCPL
  • Cray Operating System
  • DX10
  • FLEX^[20]
  • TOPS-20
  • TX990/TXDS
  • Tandem Nonstop OS v1
  • Thoth
• 1977
  • 1BSD
  • AMOS
  • KERNAL
  • OASIS operating system
  • OS68
  • OS4000
  • RMX-80
  • System Support Program (IBM System/34 and System/36)
  • TRSDOS
  • Virtual Memory System (VMS) V1.0 (Initial commercial release, October 25)
  • VRX (Virtual Resource eXecutive)
  • VS Virtual Memory Operating System^[21]
• 1978
  • 2BSD
  • Apple DOS
  • Control Program Facility (IBM System/38)
  • Cray Time Sharing System (CTSS)
  • DPCX (IBM)
  • DPPX (IBM)
  • HDOS
  • KSOS^[22] – secure OS design from Ford Aerospace
  • KVM/370^[23] – security retro-fit of IBM VM/370
  • Lisp machine (CADR)
  • MVS/System Extensions (MVS/SE)
  • OS4 (Naked Mini 4)
  • PTDOS^[24]
  • TRIPOS
  • UCSD p-System (First released version)
• 1979
  • Atari DOS
  • 3BSD
  • CP-6
  • Idris
  • MP/M
  • MVS/System Extensions R2 (MVS/SE2)
  • NLTSS
  • POS
  • Sinclair BASIC
  • Transaction Processing Facility (TPF) (IBM)
  • UCLA Secure UNIX^[25] – an early secure UNIX OS based on security kernel
  • UNIX/32V
  • DOS/VSE
  • Version 7 Unix

1980s

• 1980
  • 86-DOS
  • AOS/VS (Data General)
  • Business Operating System
  • CTOS^[26]
  • MVS/System Product (MVS/SP) V1
  • NewDos/80
  • OS-9
  • RMX-86
  • RS-DOS
  • SOS
  • Virtual Machine/System Product (VM/SP)
  • Xenix
• 1981
  • Acorn MOS
  • Aegis SR1 (First Apollo/DOMAIN systems shipped on March 27^[27])
  • CP/M-86
  • iMAX – OS for Intel's iAPX 432 capability machine
  • MCS (Multi-user Control System)
  • MS-DOS
  • PC DOS
  • Pilot (Xerox Star operating system)
  • UNOS
  • UTS
  • V
  • VERSAdos^[28]
  • VRTX
  • VSOS (Virtual Storage Operating System)^[29]
  • Xinu first release
• 1982
  • Commodore DOS
  • LDOS (By Logical Systems, Inc. – for the Radio Shack TRS-80 Models I, II & III)
  • pSOS
  • QNX
  • Stratus VOS^[30]
  • Sun UNIX (later SunOS) 0.7
  • Ultrix
  • Unix System III
  • VAXELN
• 1983
  • Coherent
  • DNIX
  • EOS
  • GNU (project start)
  • Lisa Office System 7/7
  • LOCUS^[31] – UNIX compatible, high reliability, distributed OS
  • MVS/System Product V2 (MVS/Extended Architecture, MVS/XA)
  • Novell NetWare (S-Net)
  • PERPOS
  • ProDOS
  • RTU (Real-Time Unix)
  • STOP^[32] – TCSEC A1-class, secure OS for SCOMP hardware
  • SunOS 1.0
  • VSE/System Package (VSE/SP) Version 1^[33]
• 1984
  • AMSDOS
  • CTIX (Unix variant)
  • DYNIX
  • Mac OS (System 1.0)
  • MSX-DOS
  • NOS/VE^{[34] [35]}
  • PANOS
  • PC/IX
  • ROS
  • Sinclair QDOS
  • QNX
  • SINIX
  • UNICOS
  • Venix 2.0
  • Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture Migration Assistance (VM/XA MA)
• 1985
  • AmigaOS
  • Atari TOS
  • DG/UX
  • DOS Plus
  • Graphics Environment Manager
  • Harmony
  • MIPS RISC/os
  • Oberon – written in Oberon
  • SunOS 2.0
  • Version 8 Unix
  • Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Facility (VM/XA SF)
  • Windows 1.0
  • Windows 1.01
  • Xenix 2.0
• 1986
  • AIX 1.0
  • Cronus distributed OS^[36]
  • FlexOS
  • GEMSOS^[37] – TCSEC A1-class, secure kernel for BLACKER VPN & GTNP
  • GEOS
  • Genera 7.0
  • HP-UX
  • SunOS 3.0
  • TR-DOS
  • TRIX
  • Version 9 Unix
• 1987
  • Arthur (much improved version came in 1989 under the name RISC OS)
  • BS2000 V9.0
  • IRIX (3.0 is first SGI version)
  • MDOS
  • MINIX 1.0
  • OS/2 (1.0)
  • PC-MOS/386
  • Topaz^[38] – semi-distributed OS for DEC Firefly workstation written in Modula-2+ and garbage collected
    • Windows 2.0 1988
  • A/UX (Apple Computer)
  • AOS/VS II (Data General)
  • CP/M rebranded as DR-DOS
  • Flex machine – tagged, capability machine with OS and other software written in ALGOL 68RS
  • GS/OS
  • HeliOS 1.0
  • KeyKOS – capability-based microkernel for IBM mainframes with automated persistence of app data
  • LynxOS
  • Mac OS (System 6)
  • MVS/System Product V3 (MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture, MVS/ESA)
  • OS/2 (1.1)
  • OS/400
  • RISC iX
  • SpartaDOS X
  • SunOS 4.0
  • TOPS-10 7.04 (Last stable release, July 1988)
  • Virtual Machine/Extended Architecture System Product (VM/XA SP)
  • VAX VMM^[39] – TCSEC A1-class, VMM for VAX computers (limited use before cancellation)
• 1989
  • Army Secure Operating System (ASOS)^[40] – TCSEC A1-class secure, real-time OS for Ada applications
  • EPOC (EPOC16)
  • NeXTSTEP (1.0)
  • OS/2 (1.2)
  • RISC OS (First release was to be called Arthur 2, but was renamed to RISC OS 2, and was first sold as RISC OS 2.00 in April 1989)
  • SCO UNIX (Release 3)
  • TSX-32
  • Version 10 Unix
  • Xenix 2.3.4 (Last stable release)

1990s

• 1990
  • AIX 3.0
  • AmigaOS 2.0
  • BeOS (v1)
  • DOS/V
  • Genera 8.0
  • iS-DOS
  • LOCK^[41] – TCSEC A1-class secure system with kernel & hardware support for type enforcement
  • MVS/ESA SP Version 4
  • Novell NetWare 3
  • OS/2 1.3
  • OSF/1
  • RTEMS
  • PC/GEOS
    • • Windows 3.0 Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VM/XA ESA)
  • VSE/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VSE/ESA) Version 1^[42]
• 1991
  • Amoeba – microkernel-based, POSIX-compliant, distributed OS
  • GNO/ME
  • Linux 0.01-0.1
  • Mac OS (System 7)
  • MINIX 1.5
  • PenPoint OS
  • RISC OS 3
  • SUNMOS
  • Trusted Xenix^[43] – rewritten & security enhanced Xenix evaluated at TCSEC B2-class
• 1992
  • 386BSD 0.1
  • Amiga Unix 2.01 (Latest stable release)
  • AmigaOS 3.0
  • BSD/386, by BSDi and later known as BSD/OS.
  • LGX
  • OpenVMS V1.0 (First OpenVMS AXP (Alpha) specific version, November 1992)
  • OS/2 2.0 (First i386 32-bit based version)
  • Plan 9 First Edition (First public release was made available to universities)
  • RSTS/E 10.1 (Last stable release, September 1992)
  • SLS
  • Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; based on SVR4 instead of BSD)
    • Windows 3.1 1993
  • IBM 4690 Operating System
  • FreeBSD
  • NetBSD
  • Novell NetWare 4
  • Newton OS
  • Nucleus RTOS
  • Open Genera 1.0
  • OS 2200 (Unisys)
  • OS/2 2.1
  • PTS-DOS
  • Slackware 1.0
  • Spring
  • Windows NT 3.1 (First Windows NT kernel public release)
• 1994
  • AIX 4.0, 4.1
  • IBM MVS/ESA SP Version 5
  • NetBSD 1.0 (First multi-platform release, October 1994)
  • OS/2 Warp 3.0
  • Red Hat
  • RISC OS 3.5
  • SPIN – extensible OS written in Modula-3
• 1995
  • Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 UNIX)
  • OpenBSD
  • OS/390
  • Plan 9 Second Edition (Commercial second release version was made available to the general public.)
  • Ultrix 4.5 (Last major release)
  • Windows 95
• 1996
  • AIX 4.2
  • Debian 1.1
  • JN^[44] – microkernel OS for embedded, Java apps
  • Mac OS 7.6 (First officially-named Mac OS)
  • OS/2 Warp 4.0
  • Palm OS
  • RISC OS 3.6
  • Windows NT 4.0
  • Windows CE 1.0
• 1997
  • AIX 4.3
  • DR-WebSpyder 1.0
  • EPOC (EPOC32)
  • Inferno
  • Mac OS 8
  • MINIX 2.0
  • Nemesis^[45]
  • RISC OS 3.7
  • SkyOS
  • Windows CE 2.0
• 1998
  • DR-WebSpyder 2.0
  • Junos
  • Novell NetWare 5
  • RT-11 5.7 (Last stable release, October 1998)
  • Solaris 7 (first 64-bit Solaris release – names from this point drop "2.", otherwise would've been Solaris 2.7)
  • Windows 98
• 1999
  • AROS (Boot for the first time in Stand Alone version)
  • Inferno Second Edition (Last distribution (Release 2.3,) from Lucent's Inferno Business Unit)
  • Mac OS 9
  • OS/2 Warp 4.5
  • RISC OS 4
  • Windows 98 (2nd edition)

2000s

Year–month					Others
2000–01
2000–02					Solaris 8
2000–03			FreeBSD 4.0	Red Hat Linux 6.2E	AtheOS BeOS R5
2000–04
2000–05					MenuetOS
2000–06			OpenBSD 2.7		Plan 9 Third Edition
2000–07	Windows 2000 Service Pack 1				OS/400 V4R5
2000–08				Debian 2.2	MorphOS 0.1
2000–09				SUSE Linux 7.0
2000–10					z/OS z/VM MorphOS 0.2
2000–11
2000–12			NetBSD 1.5 OpenBSD 2.8		AmigaOS 3.9 HP-UX 11i
2001–01		Mac OS 9.1
2001–02					MorphOS 0.4
2001–03		Mac OS X Cheetah (v10.0)
2001–04
2001–05	Windows 2000 Service Pack 2				AIX 5L 5.1 OS/400 V5R1
2001–06			OpenBSD 2.9
2001–07		Mac OS 9.2			eComStation 1.0
2001–08					Haiku
2001–09		Mac OS X Puma (v10.1)
2001–10	Pocket PC 2002 Windows XP Windows XP 64-bit Edition 2002^[46]				Novell NetWare 6.0
2001–11
2001–12			OpenBSD 3.0		OS/2 4.52
2002–01					JX microkernel for Java Sanos microkernel^[47] for net appliances K42 microkernel for NUMA machines
2002–02
2002–03				Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 AS
2002–04				SUSE Linux 8.0	Plan 9 Fourth Edition
2002–05			OpenBSD 3.1		Solaris 9 (SPARC)
2002–06
2002–07				Debian 3.0	Syllable 0.4.0
2002–08	Windows 2000 Service Pack 3	Mac OS X Jaguar (v10.2)			OS/400 V5R2
2002–09			NetBSD 1.6		OS2000
2002–10					AIX 5.2
2002–11			OpenBSD 3.2		MorphOS 1.0
2002–12					MorphOS 1.1
2003–01			FreeBSD 5.0		Solaris 9 (x86) JNode^[48] – JavaOS successor
2003–02					MorphOS 1.2 ReactOS 0.1.0
2003–03					MorphOS 1.3
2003–04					eComStation 1.1
2003–05			OpenBSD 3.3	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 ES
2003–06					OpenVMS 8.0
2003–07
2003–08					Novell NetWare 6.5 MorphOS 1.4
2003–09					HP-UX 11i v2
2003–10		Mac OS X Panther (v10.3)		Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 SUSE Linux 9.0
2003–11			OpenBSD 3.4	Fedora Core 1
2003–12				Linux 2.6.0	XTS-400
2004–01				Linux 2.6.1	ReactOS 0.2.0
2004–02				Linux 2.6.2, 2.6.3
2004–03				Linux 2.6.4	ReactOS 0.2.1
2004–04				Linux 2.6.5	ReactOS 0.2.2
2004–05			OpenBSD 3.5	Linux 2.6.6 Fedora Core 2
2004–06					i5/OS V5R3 ReactOS 0.2.3
2004–07			DragonFly BSD 1.0
2004–08				Linux 2.6.8	AIX 5.3 eComStation 1.2
2004–09					ReactOS 0.2.4
2004–10
2004–11			OpenBSD 3.6	Fedora Core 3
2004–12			NetBSD 2.0	Linux 2.6.10
2005–01					Solaris 10 ReactOS 0.2.5
2005–02				Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4	OpenVMS 8.2 z/VSE
2005–03					MorphOS 1.4.4
2005–04		Mac OS X Tiger (v10.4)	DragonFly BSD 1.2		ReactOS 0.2.6 MorphOS 1.4.5
2005–05			OpenBSD 3.7
2005–06				Linux 2.6.12 Fedora Core 4 Debian 3.1
2005–07
2005–08				Linux 2.6.13	ReactOS 0.2.7 MorphOS 1.4.5 Classic
2005–09
2005–10				Linux 2.6.14 Ubuntu 5.10 SUSE Linux 10.0	ReactOS 0.2.8
2005–11			FreeBSD 6.0 OpenBSD 3.8
2005–12			NetBSD 3.0		ReactOS 0.2.9
2006–01			DragonFly BSD 1.4	Linux 2.6.15	i5/OS V5R4 Solaris 10 1/06
2006–02
2006–03				Linux 2.6.16 Fedora Core 5
2006–04
2006–05			OpenBSD 3.9		SymbOS MINIX 3.1.2
2006–06				Linux 2.6.17 Ubuntu 6.06 (LTS)	Solaris 10 6/06
2006–07			DragonFly BSD 1.6
2006–08					BS2000/OSD v7.0 ReactOS 0.3.0
2006–09				Linux 2.6.18	FreeDOS 1.0 OpenVMS 8.3
2006–10				Fedora Core 6 Ubuntu 6.10 Slackware 11.0
2006–11			OpenBSD 4.0	Linux 2.6.19	AmigaOS 4.0 Solaris 10 11/06
2006–12
2007–01			DragonFly BSD 1.8
2007–02				Linux 2.6.20	Inferno Fourth Edition
2007–03				Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5	ReactOS 0.3.1
2007–04				Linux 2.6.21 Ubuntu 7.04 Debian 4.0
2007–05		iPhone OS 1	OpenBSD 4.1	Fedora Linux 7
2007–06
2007–07				Linux 2.6.22 Slackware 12.0
2007–08			DragonFly BSD 1.10		Solaris 10 8/07
2007–09		iPhone OS 1.1			HP-UX 11i v3 ReactOS 0.3.3
2007–10		Mac OS X Leopard (v10.5)			OpenVMS 8.3-1H1
2007–11			OpenBSD 4.2		AIX 6.1,
2007–12			NetBSD 4.0
2008–01				Linux 2.6.24	ReactOS 0.3.4
2008–02			DragonFly BSD 1.12 FreeBSD 7.0
2008–03					IBM i 6.1 Singularity 1.1
2008–04				Linux 2.6.25 Ubuntu 8.04 (LTS)
2008–05			OpenBSD 4.3	Fedora Linux 9 Slackware 12.1	Solaris 10 5/08 OpenSolaris 2008.05 BS2000/OSD v8.0A
2008–06				SUSE Linux 11.0	MorphOS 2.0 ReactOS 0.3.5
2008–07			DragonFly BSD 2.0	Linux 2.6.26
2008–08					STOP 6.5 ReactOS 0.3.6
2008–09		iPhone OS 2.1			AmigaOS 4.1 z/OS V1R10 MorphOS 2.1
2008–10				Linux 2.6.27 Ubuntu 8.10 Android 1.0	Solaris 10 10/08 OKL4 3.0
2008–11		iPhone OS 2.2	OpenBSD 4.4	Fedora Linux 10	Singularity 2.0 ReactOS 0.3.7 Genode 8.11^[49]
2008–12				Linux 2.6.28 Slackware 12.2	MorphOS 2.2 OpenSolaris 2008.11
2009–01
2009–02			DragonFly BSD 2.2	Debian 5.0 Android 1.1	ReactOS 0.3.8
2009–03				Linux 2.6.29
2009–04			NetBSD 5.0	Ubuntu 9.04 Android 1.5	ReactOS 0.3.9
2009–05			OpenBSD 4.5		Solaris 10 5/09
2009–06		iPhone OS 3		Linux 2.6.30 Fedora Linux 11 Palm webOS 1	AmigaOS 4.1 OpenSolaris 2009.06
2009–07					ReactOS 0.3.10
2009–08		Mac OS X Snow Leopard (v10.6)		Slackware 13.0	MorphOS 2.3
2009–09		iPhone OS 3.1	DragonFly BSD 2.4	Linux 2.6.31 Android 1.6
2009–10			OpenBSD 4.6	Ubuntu 9.10 Android 2.0	Solaris 10 10/09 MorphOS 2.4
2009–11			FreeBSD 8.0	Fedora Linux 12 openSUSE 11.2
2009–12				Linux 2.6.32	ReactOS 0.3.11

2010s

Year–month					Others
2010–01				Android 2.1	AmigaOS 4.1 Upd. 1
2010–02				Linux 2.6.33
2010–03
2010–04		iPhone OS 3.2	DragonFly BSD 2.6	Ubuntu 10.04 (LTS)	AmigaOS 4.1 Upd. 2 IBM i 7.1
2010–05			OpenBSD 4.7	Linux 2.6.34 Fedora Linux 13 Android 2.2	eComStation 2.0
2010–06					MorphOS 2.5 OpenVMS 8.4
2010–07				openSUSE 11.3
2010–08				Linux 2.6.35
2010–09		iOS 4.1			Solaris 10 9/10 AIX 7.1
2010–10	Windows Phone 7		DragonFly BSD 2.8		MorphOS 2.6 ReactOS 0.3.12
2010–11		iOS 4.2	NetBSD 5.1 OpenBSD 4.8	Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
2010–12				Android 2.3	MorphOS 2.7
2011–01				Linux 2.6.37
2011–02				Debian 6.0 Android 3.0
2011–03		iOS 4.3		Linux 2.6.38 openSUSE 11.4	ReactOS 0.3.13
2011–04			DragonFly BSD 2.10	Ubuntu 11.04 Slackware 13.37
2011–05			OpenBSD 4.9	Linux 2.6.39 Fedora Linux 15 Android 3.1	AmigaOS 4.1 Upd. 1 (for Classic) eComStation 2.1
2011–06				ChromeOS (first shipped)	9front
2011–07		Mac OS X Lion (v10.7)		Linux 3.0 Android 3.2 HP webOS 3	AmigaOS 4.1 Upd. 3
2011–08
2011–09	Windows Phone 7.5
2011–10				Linux 3.1 Ubuntu 11.10 Android 4.0
2011–11			OpenBSD 5.0	Fedora Linux 16 openSUSE 12.1	Solaris 11 11/11
2011–12					AmigaOS 4.1 Upd. 4
2012–01			FreeBSD 9.0	Linux 3.2	FreeDOS 1.1
2012–02			DragonFly BSD 3.0		ReactOS 0.3.14 Minix 3.2
2012–03		iOS 5.1		Linux 3.3 Android 4.0.4
2012–04				Ubuntu 12.04 (LTS)
2012–05			OpenBSD 5.1	Linux 3.4 Fedora Linux 17	DexOS
2012–06					BS2000/OSD 9.0 MorphOS 3.0
2012–07		OS X Mountain Lion (v10.8)		Linux 3.5 Android 4.1 openSUSE 12.2	MorphOS 3.1 AmigaOS 4.1 Upd. 5
2012–08
2012–09				Linux 3.6 Slackware 14.0 Qubes OS
2012–10			NetBSD 6.0 OpenBSD 5.2		Solaris 11.1
2012–11			DragonFly BSD 3.2	Android 4.2	Haiku R1 Alpha 4
2012–12			FreeBSD 9.1
2013–01		iOS 6.1		Fedora Linux 18	BlackBerry 10 Solaris 10 1/13
2013–02
2013–03				openSUSE 12.3
2013–04			DragonFly BSD 3.4
2013–05			NetBSD 6.1 OpenBSD 5.3	Debian 7.0	ReactOS 0.3.15 MorphOS 3.2
2013–06				Linux 3.10
2013–07				Fedora Linux 19 Android 4.3
2013–08
2013–09			FreeBSD 9.2	Linux 3.11	MorphOS 3.3 z/OS Version 2.1
2013–10		OS X Mavericks (v10.9)
2013–11			DragonFly BSD 3.6 OpenBSD 5.4	Slackware 14.1 openSUSE 13.1 Android 4.4 Linux 3.12
2013–12				Fedora Linux 20	MorphOS 3.4 Muen^[50] separation kernel
2014–01			FreeBSD 10.0	Linux 3.13
2014–02					ReactOS 0.3.16 MorphOS 3.5
2014–03		iOS 7.1		Linux 3.14
2014–04	Windows Phone 8.1			Ubuntu 14.04 (LTS)	Solaris 11.2
2014–05			OpenBSD 5.5
2014–06			DragonFly BSD 3.8	Linux 3.15 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7	MorphOS 3.6
2014–07
2014–08				Linux 3.16	MorphOS 3.7
2014–09					Minix 3.3
2014–10		OS X Yosemite (v10.10) iOS 8.1		Ubuntu 14.10 Linux 3.17
2014–11			OpenBSD 5.6 FreeBSD 10.1 DragonFly BSD 4.0	openSUSE 13.2 Android 5.0	IBM i 7.2 ReactOS 0.3.17
2014–12				Linux 3.18 Fedora Linux 21
2015–01
2015–02				Linux 3.19
2015–03		iOS 8.2
2015–04					Redox OS
2015–05				Fedora Linux 22	BS2000/OSD 10.0
2015–06		iOS 8.4		Linux 4.1	MorphOS 3.9
2015–07	Windows 10 (1507)
2015–08				FreeBSD 10.2	Linux 4.2
2015–09			NetBSD 7.0		z/OS Version 2.2^[51]
2015–10		iOS 9.1 tvOS9			AIX 7.2^[52] Solaris 11.3^[53]
2015–11	Windows 10 November Update (1511) Windows 10 Mobile (1511)	tvOS9.1		Linux 4.3 Fedora Linux 23 openSUSE Leap 42.1
2015–12		iOS 9.2 watchOS 2.1 tvOS9.2
2016–01				Linux 4.4	Minix 3.4
2016–02					ReactOS 0.4
2016–03		iOS 9.3 watchOS 2.2 tvOS9.3	OpenBSD 5.9 FreeBSD 10.3	Linux 4.5
2016–04					IBM i 7.3 ReactOS 0.4.1
2016–05				Linux 4.6
2016–06				Slackware 14.2 Fedora Linux 24 Linux Mint 18
2016–07				Linux 4.7
2016–08	Windows 10 Anniversary Update (1607) Windows 10 Mobile Anniversary Update (1607)		DragonFly BSD 4.6	Android 7.0	ReactOS 0.4.2
2016–09	Windows Server 2016 (1607)	macOS Sierra (v10.12) iOS 10 watchOS 3 tvOS10	OpenBSD 6.0	Linux 4.8
2016–10			NetBSD 7.0.2 FreeBSD 11.0
2016–11				Oracle Linux 7.3 Fedora Linux 25 openSUSE Leap 42.2	ReactOS 0.4.3
2016–12		iOS 10.2 tvOS10.1		Linux 4.9 Linux Mint 18.1	FreeDOS 1.2
2017–01
2017–02				Linux 4.10	ReactOS 0.4.4
2017–03		iOS 10.3 watchOS 3.2 tvOS10.2	DragonFly BSD 4.8 NetBSD 7.1
2017–04	Windows 10 Creators Update (1703) Windows 10 Mobile Creators Update (1703)		OpenBSD 6.1
2017–05					ReactOS 0.4.5 ArcaOS 5.0.0
2017–06				Debian 9.0 Fedora Linux 26
2017–07				Linux 4.12 openSUSE Leap 42.3	BS2000/OSD 11.0 ArcaOS 5.0.1
2017–08				Android 8.0
2017–09		macOS High Sierra (v10.13) iOS 11 watchOS 4 tvOS11		Linux 4.13	ReactOS 0.4.6
2017–10	Windows 10 Fall Creators Update (1709) Windows 10 Mobile Fall Creators Update (1709) Windows Server 2016 Fall Creators Update (1709)	iOS 11.1 watchOS 4.1 tvOS11.1	OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly BSD 5.0
2017–11				Linux 4.14 Fedora Linux 27	BareMetal 1.0.0
2017–12		iOS 11.2 watchOS 4.2 tvOS11.2		Android 8.1	ReactOS 0.4.7
2018–01				Linux 4.15
2018–02					ArcaOS 5.0.2
2018–03		iOS 11.3 watchOS 4.3 tvOS11.3	NetBSD 7.1.2		Genode Sculpt EA
2018–04	Windows 10 April 2018 Update (1803)		OpenBSD 6.3 DragonFly BSD 5.2	Linux 4.16 Ubuntu 18.04 (LTS)	ReactOS 0.4.8
2018–05		iOS 11.4 tvOS11.4		Fedora Linux 28 openSUSE Leap 15.0
2018–06				Linux 4.17	Genode Sculpt TC
2018–07			NetBSD 8.0	SUSE Linux Enterprise 15	ReactOS 0.4.9
2018–08			NetBSD 7.2	Linux 4.18 Android 9.0	ArcaOS 5.0.3 Solaris 11.4
2018–09		macOS Mojave (v10.14) iOS 12 watchOS 5 tvOS12			Genode Sculpt VC^[54]
2018–10	Windows 10 October 2018 Update (1809) Windows Server 2019 (1809)	iOS 12.1 watchOS 5.1 tvOS12.1	OpenBSD 6.4	Linux 4.19 Ubuntu 18.10 Fedora Linux 29	SerenityOS
2018–11					ReactOS 0.4.10
2018–12			DragonFly BSD 5.4 FreeBSD 12.0	Linux 4.20
2019–01
2019–02
2019–03		iOS 12.2 watchOS 5.2 tvOS12.2		Linux 5.0	ReactOS 0.4.11
2019–04				Ubuntu 19.04 Fedora Linux 30
2019–05	Windows 10 May 2019 Update (1903)	iOS 12.3 tvOS12.3	OpenBSD 6.5NetBSD 8.1	Linux 5.1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 openSUSE Leap 15.1
2019–06			DragonFly BSD 5.6	SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP1	IBM i 7.4
2019–07		iOS 12.4 watchOS 5.3 tvOS12.4		Debian 10.0 Linux 5.2	ArcaOS 5.0.4
2019–08
2019–09		iOS 13 iOS 13.1 iPadOS 13.1 watchOS 6 tvOS13		Linux 5.3 Android 10.0	ReactOS 0.4.12
2019–10		iOS 13.2 iPadOS 13.2 watchOS 6.1 macOS Catalina (v10.15)	OpenBSD 6.6	Ubuntu 19.10 Fedora Linux 31
2019–11	Windows 10 November 2019 Update (1909)		FreeBSD 12.1	Linux 5.4
2019–12		iOS 13.3 iPadOS 13.3

2020s

Year–month					Others
2020–01				Linux 5.5
2020–02			NetBSD 9.0
2020–03		iOS 13.4 iPadOS 13.4 watchOS 6.2 tvOS13.4	DragonFly BSD 5.8	Linux 5.6
2020–04				Ubuntu 20.04 Fedora Linux 32	ReactOS 0.4.13
2020–05	Windows 10 May 2020 Update (2004)	iOS 13.5 iPadOS 13.5	OpenBSD 6.7		OpenVMS 9.0
2020–06				Linux 5.7	ArcaOS 5.0.5 Haiku R1/beta2
2020–07		iOS 13.6 iPadOS 13.6
2020–08				Linux 5.8	ArcaOS 5.0.6
2020–09		iOS 13.7 iPadOS 13.7 iOS 14 iPadOS 14.0 watchOS 7.0 tvOS14.0		Android 11
2020–10	Windows 10 October 2020 Update (20H2)	iOS 14.1 iPadOS 14.1	NetBSD 9.1 OpenBSD 6.8 FreeBSD 12.2	Linux 5.9 Fedora Linux 33 Ubuntu 20.10
2020–11		macOS Big Sur (v11.0) iOS 14.2 iPadOS 14.2 watchOS 7.1 tvOS14.2
2020–12		macOS Big Sur (v11.1) iOS 12.5 iOS 14.3 iPadOS 14.3 watchOS 6.3 watchOS 7.2 tvOS14.3		Linux 5.10
2021–01		iOS 14.4 iPadOS 14.4 watchOS 7.3 tvOS14.4
2021–02		macOS Big Sur (v11.2)
2021–03
2021–04		macOS Big Sur (v11.3) iOS 14.5 iPadOS 14.5 watchOS 7.4 tvOS14.5	FreeBSD 13.0	Fedora Linux 34
2021-05	Windows 10 May 2021 Update (21H1)	macOS Big Sur (v11.4) iOS 14.6 iPadOS 14.6 watchOS 7.5 tvOS14.6	OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly BSD 6.0 NetBSD 9.2	Linux 5.12 Ubuntu 21.04
2021-06				Rocky Linux 8 Linux 5.13
2021-07		macOS Big Sur (v11.5) iOS 14.7 iPadOS 14.7 watchOS 7.6 tvOS14.7			Haiku R1/beta3
2021-08	Windows Server 2022			Linux 5.14 Debian 11.0
2021-09		macOS Big Sur (v11.6) iOS 14.8 iPadOS 14.8 iOS 15 iPadOS 15.0 watchOS 8.0 tvOS15.0
2021-10	Windows 11	macOS Monterey (v12.0) iOS 15.1 iPadOS 15.1 watchOS 8.1 tvOS15.1	OpenBSD 7.0	Android 12 Ubuntu 21.10
2021-11	Windows 10 November 2021 Update (21H2)
2021-12		macOS Monterey (v12.2) iOS 15.2 iPadOS 15.2 watchOS 8.3 tvOS15.2			ArcaOS 5.0.7 ReactOS 0.4.14
2022-01		iOS 15.3 iPadOS 15.3 watchOS 8.4 tvOS15.3
2022-02				Slackware 15.0
2022-03		macOS Monterey (v12.3) iOS 15.4 iPadOS 15.4 watchOS 8.5 tvOS15.4		Android 12L
2022-04			OpenBSD 7.1	Ubuntu 22.04
2022-05		macOS Monterey (v12.4) iOS 15.5 iPadOS 15.5 watchOS 8.6 tvOS15.5			IBM i 7.5
2022-06
2022-07		macOS Monterey (v12.5) iOS 15.6 iPadOS 15.6 watchOS 8.7 tvOS15.6
2022-08				Android 13
2022-09	Windows 11 2022 Update (22H2)	macOS Big Sur (v11.7) macOS Monterey (v12.6) iOS 15.7 iPadOS 15.7 iOS 16 watchOS 9.0 tvOS16.0
2022-10		macOS Ventura (13.0) iOS 16.1 iPadOS 16.0	OpenBSD 7.2	Ubuntu 22.10
2022-11		macOS Ventura (13.0.1) iOS 16.1.1
2022-12		iOS 16.2
2023-01
2023-02
2023-03
2023-04
2023-05
2023-06
2023-07
2023-08				Linux 6.5	ArcaOS 5.1.0
2023-09		macOS Sonoma (14.0) iOS 17.0 iPadOS 17.0
2023-10				Android 14
2023-11
2023-12

See also

• Comparison of operating systems
• List of operating systems
• Comparison of real-time operating systems
• Timeline of DOS operating systems
• Timeline of Linux distributions (Diagram 1992–2010)

External links

• UNIX History – a timeline of UNIX 1969 and its descendants at present
• Concise Microsoft O.S. Timeline – a color-coded concise timeline for various Microsoft operating systems (1981–present)
• Bitsavers – an effort to capture, salvage, and archive historical computer software and manuals from minicomputers and mainframes of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s
• A brief history of operating systems
• Microsoft operating system time-line

Notes and References

1. Web site: h2g2 - Early Electronic Computers - Edited Entry. Not Panicking Ltd. January 7, 2012. March 15, 2015.
2. Web site: Early Operating Systems. March 15, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150410053229/http://www.csee.wvu.edu/~jdm/classes/cs258/OScat/early.html. April 10, 2015. mdy-all.
3. Web site: LCS/AI Lab Timeline. March 15, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211552/http://www.csail.mit.edu/timeline/timeline.php/timeline.php?query=event&id=3. September 23, 2015. dead. mdy-all.
4. Douglas Ross. 1986. A personal view of the personal work station: some firsts in the Fifties. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on The history of personal workstations (HPW '86), John R White and Kathi Anderson (Eds.). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 19–48. DOI=10.1145/12178.12180 http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/12178.12180
5. Web site: Honeywell 1800-II: A Large-Scale Scientific Processor . Honeywell . 2024-03-27.
6. Web site: CONTROL DATA® 6600 Computer System  - Operating System/Reference Manual  - SIPROS 66 . Control Data Corp. . 2024-03-28.
7. Web site: Honeywell Series 200 - Summary Description . Honeywell . 2024-03-27.
8. Web site: Introduction to Series 200/0perating System - Mod 2 . Honeywell . 2024-03-27.
9. Web site: Operating System Orientation for Management - Series 200 Operating System In Review . Honeywell . 2024-03-27.
10. Web site: 3100 3200 3300 3500 Computer Systems  - Mass Storage Sort/MSOS (Reference Manual) . Control Data Corp. . 2024-03-28.
11. Web site: Michigan Terminal System: Time Line . Clock.org . 2012-10-19.
12. Web site: 25 Years of Real-Time Computing by Todd Poynor. bitsavers.org. August 1991. June 24, 2024.
13. Web site: 25 Years of Real-Time Computing by Todd Poynor. bitsavers.org. August 1, 1972. July 16, 2024.
14. Web site: Datapro  - NCR Century Series (70C-656-01a Computers). bitsavers.org. June 24, 2024.
15. Web site: Multics History. March 15, 2015.
16. Web site: Digital Research home page . September 27, 2021 .
17. . HYDRA:The Kernel of a Multiprocessor Operating System . June 1974 . 17 . 6 . W. . Wulf . E. . Cohen . W. . Corwin . A. . Jones . R. . Levin . C. . Pierson . F. . Pollack . 10.1145/355616.364017 . 8011765 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140503035517/https://www.cs.virginia.edu/people/faculty/pdfs/p337-wulf.pdf . May 3, 2014 . dead . mdy-all . March 26, 2023.
18. 30 July 1975. Time-Sharing Uses Emphasized For DEC Datasystem 350 Series. Computerworld. Computerworld, Inc.. 7 March 2023.
19. Book: The Cambridge CAP Computer and Its Operating System . M. V. . Wilkes . R. M. . Needham . Peter J. . Denning . January 1, 1979 . Operating and Programming Systems Series . . www.microsoft.com . March 26, 2023 .
20. Web site: FLEX User Group - History. Ian P. Blythe. March 15, 2015.
21. Web site: Wang  - Operating System Services. bitsavers.org. June 24, 2024.
22. Web site: SECURE MINICOMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM (KSOS) . csrc.nist.gov . 2020-09-14.
23. Web site: KVM/370 IN RETROSPECT . B. D. . Gold . R. R . Linde . P. F. . Cudney . May 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140503014429/http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/projects/poirot3/Oakland/sp/PAPERS/00044538.PDF . May 3, 2014 . dead . mdy-all .
24. Web site: SOLUS NEWS. Stan Sokolow. January 30, 2020.
25. Web site: CSDL | IEEE Computer Society. www.computer.org.
26. http://www.byte.com/art/9412/sec13/art2.htm
27. Web site: Apollo/DOMAIN Computers. March 15, 2015.
28. Web site: Byte (magazine) . 1981-06-01 . 2024-03-29.
29. Web site: Implemeting a scalar C compiler on the Cyber 205 . Li . Kuo-Cheng . Schwetman . Herb . Purdue University . 1983-10-06 . 2024-03-28.
30. Web site: Stratus Machine History . Green . Paul . 20 May 2002 . ftp.stratus.com:80 . 13 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20030612194052/http://ftp.stratus.com:80/vos/doc/reference/machine_history.txt . 12 June 2003 . dead.
31. Walker . Bruce . Popek . Gerald . English . Robert . Kline . Charles . Thiel . Greg . The LOCUS Distributed Operating System . University of California at Los Angeles .
32. Web site: FINAL EVALUATION REPORTM OFN SCOMP . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924072244/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a229523.pdf . live . September 24, 2015 . 1965 . www.dtic.mil . 2020-09-14.
33. Web site: NEW VSE SYSTEM IPO/E 1.4.0 AND VSE/SYSTEM PACKAGE 1.1.0 . LTR 283-217 . July 19, 1983 . Announcement Letters . . March 26, 2023 .
34. Web site: University of Wyoming  - Information Technology: About IT: History  - The Cyber Era . 2024-03-28.
35. Web site: Westinghouse & Control Data Corporation - NOS/VE (1984) . Westinghouse . 2024-03-28.
36. Vinter, S. T. and Schantz, R. E. 1986. The Cronus distributed operating system. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Making Distributed Systems Work (Amsterdam, Netherlands, September 8–10, 1986). EW 2. ACM, New York, NY, 1-3.
37. Web site: Final evaluation report . June 28, 1995 . www.aesec.com. 2020-09-14.
38. Thacker . Charles P. . Stewart . Lawrence C. . 1987 . Firefly: A Multiprocessor Workstation . Digital Equipment Corporation — Systems Research Center .
39. IEEE Journal of Software Engineering . A Retrospective on the VAX VMM Security Kernel . 17 . 11 . 1147–1165 . November 1991 . Paul A. Karger . Mary Ellen Zurko . Douglass W. Bonin . Andrew H. Mason . Clifford E. Kahn . 10.1109/32.106971 . May 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151112124406/http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~ccpalmer/classes/cs55/Content/Resources/vax_vmm.pdf . November 12, 2015 . dead . mdy-all .
40. Quarterly Status Report - Report #1 . AD-A206 308 . 15 March 1989 . Advance Computing Systems: An Advanced Reasoning-Based Paradigm for Ada Trusted Systems and its Application to MACH . https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213045/https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a206308.pdf . live . June 2, 2021 . Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) . TRW - Federal Systems Group - Systems Division .
41. Web site: LOCK-An Historical Perspective . Cyberdefenseagency.com . 2019-01-28.
42. Web site: IBM VSE/ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE VERSION 1 RELEASE 1 . LTR 290-785 . December 18, 1990 . Announcement Letters . . March 26, 2023 .
43. Web site: EPL Entry CSC-EPL-92/001. March 15, 2015.
44. Web site: JN: An Operating System for an Embedded Java Network Computer UCSC-CRL-96-29 . 2014-04-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120824010637/http://embedded.soe.ucsc.edu/pubs/tr96-29/html/tr96-29.html . August 24, 2012 . mdy-all .
45. various 1997 publications listed on the Nemesis website, retrieved 2013-08-13
46. Web site: Microsoft Unveils Plans for 64-Bit Windows Platform. Microsoft.
47. Web site: Sanos . Jbox.dk . 2019-01-28.
48. Web site: Node, an operating system based on Java . 2010 . 2010.rmll.info . 2020-09-14 . September 15, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120915061826/http://2010.rmll.info/IMG/pdf/LSM2010-OS-JNode-2.pdf . dead .
49. Web site: Genode - Release notes for the Genode OS Framework 8.11. genode.org.
50. Web site: Muen SK . Muen | SK for x86/64 . Muen.codelabs.ch . 2019-01-28.
51. Web site: IBM z/OS Version 2 Release 2 Announcement Letter . 28 July 2015 . 2015-08-23.
52. Web site: IBM AIX 7.2 delivers the reliability, availability, performance, and security needed to be successful in the new global economy . October 5, 2015 . 01.ibm.com . 2019-01-28.
53. Web site: What's New in Oracle® Solaris 11.3 . Docs.oracle.com . 2017-10-03 . 2019-01-28.
54. Web site: Genode - Genode News. genode.org.