Timeline of Vienna explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Vienna, Austria.

Prior to 19th century

• 1st-millennium BCE – Vindobona settled.
• 180 – Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius dies in Vindobona.
• 740 - Church of St Ruprecht, the oldest church in Vienna, first built.
• 881 – The Bavarians had their first clash at Wenia with the Hungarians (first mention of Vienna).
• 1030 – The Hungarians besiege Vienna.
• 1155
  • Henry II, Duke of Austria appoints Vienna as capital city.
  • Schottenstift founded.
• 1160 – St. Stephen's Cathedral built.
• 1221 – Vienna receives rights as staple port.
• 1237 – Vienna received a charter of freedom from Frederick II., confirmed in 1247.
• 1251 – Ottokar II of Bohemia in power.
• 1276 – Foundation stone for the Minorites Church laid by King Ottokar II of Bohemia.^[1]
• 1278 – City charter granted.
• 1280 – Jans der Enikel writes the Fürstenbuch, a first history of the city.
• 1349 – Augustinian Church consecrated.
• 1365 – University of Vienna founded.
• 1421 – Jews expelled.
• 1482 – Johann Winterburger sets up printing press (approximate date).^[2]
• 1485
  • Siege of Vienna by Kingdom of Hungary, city passed to Hungary.
  • Royal Court of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary relocated to Vienna (known as Bécs in Hungarian).
• 1515 – First Congress of Vienna.
• 1529 – Siege of Vienna by Turks.
• 1556 – Vienna becomes seat of Holy Roman Empire under Ferdinand I.
• 1598 – Donaukanal regulated.
• 1600 – Melchior Khlesl becomes Bishop of Vienna.
• 1643 – Schönbrunn Palace built.
• 1668 – July: premiere of Cesti's opera Il pomo d'oro.^[3]
• 1678 – Palais Modena completed.
• 1679 – Great Plague of Vienna.

• 1683 – Battle of Vienna.^[4]
• 1684 – Kollschitzky coffeehouse in business.
• 1692 – Academy of Fine Arts Vienna founded.
• 1702 – Palais Strozzi completed.
• 1703 – Palais Liechtenstein built.
• 1704 – Linienwall fortification built.
• 1709 – Theater am Kärntnertor built.
• 1712 – Palais Trautson completed.
• 1713 – Plague epidemic.
• 1716 – Palais Kinsky completed.^[5]
• 1718 – Vienna Porcelain Manufactory founded.^[6]
• 1724 – Population: 150,000.
• 1735 – Winter Riding School built.
• 1741 – Burgtheater opens.^[7]

• 1762 – Premiere of Gluck's opera Orfeo ed Euridice.
• 1765
  • Tiergarten Schönbrunn (zoo) opens.^[8]
  • Artaria publishing firm founded.
• 1766 – Prater opens.
• 1770 – Chess-playing Mechanical Turk introduced at Schönbrunn Palace.
• 1772 – Freyung Christmas market begins.
• 1781 – Mozart arrives to Vienna from Salzburg.
• 1786 – Premiere of Mozart’s Marriage of Figaro.
  • Demel confectionery and Gesellschaft der Associierten founded.
  • 1 May: premiere of Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro.
• 1790 – Population: 200,000.
• 1791 – 30 September: premiere of Mozart's The Magic Flute. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies.
• 1792 – Schweighofer piano manufactury established. Beethoven arrives to Vienna from Bonn.
• 1797 - 31 January Franz Peter Schubert is born in Alsergrund
• 1800 – 2 April: premiere of Beethoven's Symphony No. 1.

19th century

• 1802 – Palais Erdődy commissioned.
• 1805
  • 23 May: premiere of Beethoven's opera Fidelio.^[9]
  • 13 November: Napoleon takes city.
• 1807 – Czartoryski Palace built.
• 1808 – 22 December: premiere of Beethoven's Fifth and Sixth Symphonies, Choral Fantasy, and Piano Concerto No. 4 at the Theater an der Wien.
• 1809 – Battle of Aspern-Essling. Joseph Haydn dies.
• 1814
  • Congress of Vienna.
  • C.F. Peters music publisher in business.^[10]
• 1824 – 7 May: premiere of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.
• 1827- 27 March: Ludwig van Beethoven dies.
• 1828 19 November: Franz Peter Schubert dies.
• 1829 – Leopoldine Society formed.
• 1832 – Sachertorte invented.
• 1840 – Population: 231,050.
• 1842
  • Austrian Southern Railway begins.
  • Philharmonische Academie formed.
• 1847 – Austrian Academy of Sciences established.

• 1848 – Vienna Uprising.^[11]
• 1850
  • City expanded beyond Innere Stadt.
  • Population: 551,300.
• 1858 – Ringstraße constructed.
• 1860/1864 – the fine and lofty tower of the Cathedral of St Stephen rebuilt.
• 1864
  • Palais Todesco completed.
  • Neue Freie Presse newspaper begins publication.
• 1867 – Palais Toskana built.
• 1869
  • Vienna State Opera house built.
  • Population: 842,951.
• 1870
  • Works started to regulate the Danube to make it safe for navigation.
  • Musikverein inaugurated.
• 1873
  • World exposition held.
  • Café Landtmann and Hotel Imperial in business.
• 1874
  • Palais Chotek completed.
  • Premiere of Strauss's opera Die Fledermaus.
• 1875 – Danube levees constructed.
• 1876
  • Academy of Fine Arts building erected.
  • Hotel Sacher established.
  • Café Central in business.
• 1878 – Palais Nathaniel Rothschild built.
• 1879 – Geological Office formed.
• 1880
  • Café Sperl in business.
  • Population: 1,090,119.
• 1881 – Palace of Justice (Vienna) built.
• 1882 – Palmenhaus Schönbrunn (greenhouse) opens.
• 1883 – Completion of the Vienna City Hall, an immense Gothic building.
• 1884 – Palais Albert Rothschild built.
• 1885 – Goldscheider Manufactory and Majolica Factory and Alpinen Gesellschaft Edelraute (hiking club)^[12] established.
• 1886 – Hermesvilla built.
• 1887 – Historical Museum of the City of Vienna established.
• 1889 – active.

• 1890 – City expanded; population: 1,364,548.
• 1891 – Kunsthistorisches Museum (art museum) opens.
• 1892 – City hosts the 1892 European Figure Skating Championships.
• 1894
  • January: city hosts the 1894 European Figure Skating Championships.
  • Palais Rothschild (Prinz-Eugen-Straße) built.
• 1895 – Palais Lanckoroński completed.
• 1897
  • Wiener Riesenrad erected.
  • Vienna Secession art group founded.
• 1898
  • Wiener Stadtbahn begins.
  • Secession Building constructed.
  • City hosts the 1898 ICA Track Cycling World Championships.
• 1899
  • Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams published.
  • magazine begins publication.^[13]
• 1900 – Population: 1,769,137.

20th century

1900s–1940s

• 1901 – Universal Edition in business.
• 1902
  • Freudenau harbor constructed.
  • Franciszek Trześniewski opens restaurant.
• 1903
  • Kuchelau harbor constructed.
  • Wiener Werkstätte art group founded.
• 1904
  • Floridsdorf district added.
  • in business.
• 1907 – City hosts the 1907 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1908 – Vienna Psychoanalytic Society active.
• 1910 – Population: 2,031,000.
• 1912 – Aspern Airfield opens.
• 1913^[14]
  • 23 February: premiere of Schoenberg's Gurre-Lieder.^[15]
  • becomes mayor.
• 1915 – April: Conference of Central European Socialist Parties held in Vienna.

• 1916 – 30 November: funeral of Franz Joseph I of Austria.
• 1918 – Red Vienna begins.
• 1919
  • Lainzer Tiergarten opens.
  • Jakob Reumann becomes mayor.
• 1920
  • Austrian National Library established.
  • Hungarian Historical Institute in Vienna founded.^[16]
• 1921
  • The Geistkreis seminar begins.
  • (garden) established.^[17]
  • International Working Union of Socialist Parties founded in Vienna.^[18]
• 1923
  • Karl Seitz becomes mayor.^[19]
  • Phaidon Press founded.
• 1924 – Collegium Hungaricum Vienna founded.^[16]
• 1925 – (cinema) opens.^[20]
• 1929 – Austrian Bridge Federation founded.
• 1931 – Ernst-Happel-Stadion built.
• 1934 – Richard Schmitz becomes mayor.

• 1938
  • Anschluss.
  • Hermann Neubacher becomes mayor.
  • City expands.
• 1940 – Philipp Wilhelm Jung becomes mayor.
• 1941 – Kehal Adas Yereim Vien established.
• 1942 – Bombing begins.
• 1943
  • 30 August: Vienna-Schwechat (Heidfeld) subcamp of the Mauthausen concentration camp established. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Soviet, Italian and Spanish.^[21]
  • 30 December: Hanns Blaschke becomes mayor.
• 1944
  • Vienna-Schwechat ('Santa') subcamp of Mauthausen established.^[21]
  • 13 July: Vienna-Schwechat (Heidfeld) subcamp dissolved,^[21] Vienna-Floridsdorf subcamp of Mauthausen established. Prisoners moved from Schwechat (Heidfeld) to Floridsdorf.^[21]
  • 20 August: Vienna-Saurerwerke subcamp of Mauthausen established. Its prisoners were mostly Poles and Soviet citizens.^[21]
  • September: Vienna-Hinterbrühl subcamp of Mauthausen established. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Soviet and Italian.^[21]
  • 28 September: Vienna-Schönbrunn subcamp of Mauthausen established.^[21]
• 1945
  • Vienna Offensive.
  • 31 March: Vienna-Schwechat ('Santa') subcamp dissolved. Prisoners moved to the Hinterbrühl subcamp.^[21]
  • 1 April: Floridsdorf, Hinterbrühl and Schönbrunn subcamps dissolved. Prisoners are evacuated by the SS in death marches to the Steyr-Münichholz subcamp and main Mauthausen camp.^[21] Massacre of 52 Hinterbrühl prisoners, who were unable to walk.^[21]
  • 2 April: Vienna-Saurerwerke subcamp dissolved. Prisoners are evacuated by the SS in a death march to the Steyr-Münichholz subcamp, except for ill prisoners who are left behind.^[21]
  • Allied-occupied city.
  • Rudolf Prikryl becomes mayor, succeeded by Theodor Körner.
  • Soviet War Memorial installed.
• 1948 – Italian Cultural Institute in Vienna founded.^[22]

1950s–1990s

• 1951
  • March: city hosts the 1951 World Table Tennis Championships.
  • Franz Jonas becomes mayor.
• 1952 – City hosts the 1952 European Figure Skating Championships.
• 1954
  • Vienna International Airport opens.
  • Flood.
• 1955 – City hosts the 1955 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1957
  • February: city hosts the 1957 European Figure Skating Championships.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency headquartered in Vienna.
• 1958 – built.

• 1959
  • Vienna Museum opens.
  • City hosts World Festival of Youth and Students.
• 1960 – Österreichische Mediathek (sound archive) headquartered in city.^[23]
• 1961 – Vienna summit of USA and USSR.
• 1962 – Vienna S-Bahn begins.
• 1964 – Österreichisches Filmmuseum established.
• 1965 – becomes mayor.
• 1967
  • February–March: city hosts the 1967 World Figure Skating Championships.
  • March: city hosts the 1967 Ice Hockey World Championships.
• 1968 – Austrian Science Fund formed.
• 1969 – OPEC Headquarter moves from Geneva, Switzerland to Vienna.
• 1970 – becomes mayor.
• 1971 – City hosts the 1971 World Fencing Championships.
• 1973 – Leopold Gratz becomes mayor.
• 1974 – Polish Institute in Vienna founded.^[24]

• 1976
  • 8 May: Vienna U-Bahn opens.
  • 1 August: Reichsbrücke collapse.
• 1977 – City hosts the 1977 Ice Hockey World Championships.
• 1979
  • March: city hosts the 1979 World Figure Skating Championships.
  • Vienna Islamic Centre and UNO City built.
• 1983
  • July: city hosts the 1983 World Fencing Championships.
  • Donauinselfest begins.
• 1984 – Helmut Zilk becomes mayor.
• 1985
  • Airport attack.
  • Institute of Technology Assessment founded.
• 1988
  • New Danube channel constructed.
  • ImPulsTanz Vienna International Dance Festival begins.
• 1990 – Museum in Progress created.
• 1991 – City hosts the 1991 World Rowing Championships.
• 1992 – The biggest AIDS charity event in Europe, the Life Ball begins.
• 1993 – World Conference on Human Rights held.
• 1994
  • Czech Centre in Vienna founded.^[25]
  • Michael Häupl becomes mayor.^[26]
• 1995 – Secretariat for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe established.
• 1996 – City hosts the 1996 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships.
• 1998 – built.
• 1999 – Millennium Tower built.
• 2000
  • City website online (approximate date).^[27]
  • built.

21st century

• 2001 – and Ares Tower built.
• 2003 – Lighthouse Wien founded.
• 2004 – built.
• 2005 – City co-hosts the 2005 IIHF World Championship.
• 2007 – EU Fundamental Rights Agency established.
• 2008
  • World Institute for Nuclear Security headquartered in city.
  • UEFA European Football Championship held.
• 2010 – Wiener Staatsballet formed.
• 2011
  • Smart City Wien begins.^[28]
  • Funeral of Otto von Habsburg.
• 2014 – Population: 1,797,337.
• 2020 – The Vienna attack occurs.

See also

• History of Vienna
• History of the Jews in Vienna
• List of mayors of Vienna
• Years in Austria
• Timelines of other cities in Austria: Graz, Linz, Salzburg

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

published in the 18th-19th century

• • • • • Book: Edinburgh Encyclopædia . David Brewster . Philadelphia . Joseph and Edward Parker . 1832 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3dz0hq2k?urlappend=%3Bseq=222 . Vienna . Edinburgh Encyclopædia . 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3dz0hq2k?urlappend=%3Bseq=222 .
• + v.2
  • • Book: Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic . A.A. Paton . Leipzig . Brockhaus . 1861 . Vienna . 2027/hvd.32044017982406?urlappend=%3Bseq=232 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044017982406?urlappend=%3Bseq=232 .
  • Book: Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany . 1867 . London . W.J. Adams & Sons . Vienna . https://books.google.com/books?id=x2ADAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA238 . . Bradshaw's Guide .

published in the 20th century

• • • • Vienna . 28 . 50 - 53 . 1910 . . 1.
• Book: 9780300042122 . Donald Olsen . The City as a Work of Art: London, Paris, Vienna . registration . Yale University Press . 1986 .
• Book: Peter Csendes. Historical Dictionary of Vienna. 1999. . 978-0-8108-3562-7 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=bxx-0fWXftQC&pg=PR17 . .

published in the 21st century

• The Industry Palace of the 1873 World's Fair: Karl von Hasenauer, John Scott Russell, and New Technology in Nineteenth-Century Vienna . John W. Stamper . Architectural History . 47 . 227–250 . 2004 . 1568823 . . 10.1017/S0066622X00001763 .
• Book: Jörg Knieling . Frank Othengrafen . Planning Cultures in Europe: Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning. 2009. Ashgate. 978-0-7546-7565-5. Planning culture in Austria: the case of Vienna, the unlike city . Jens S. Dangschat . Alexander Hamedinger . amp .

in German

External links

• Links to fulltext city directories for Vienna via Wikisource
• Items related to Vienna, various dates (via Europeana)

48.2083°N 16.3731°W

Notes and References

1. Web site: La storia della Minoritenkirche. 31 July 2022. it.
2. Book: Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum . Robert Proctor . London . Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company . 1898 . Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Wien . 2027/uc1.c3450632?urlappend=%3Bseq=166 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c3450632?urlappend=%3Bseq=166 . HathiTrust . Robert Proctor (bibliographer) .
3. Book: . Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music . 2005. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-79273-8 . Chronology . Stephen Rose . https://books.google.com/books?id=mHJvKVq0vXoC&pg=PA533 .
4. Book: Europa Publications. Political Chronology of Europe . 2003. 978-1-135-35687-3 . Austria . https://books.google.com/books?id=hVNvCz0c_gsC&pg=PA11 . 11–15 .
5. Web site: Palais Daun-Kinsky. Palais Events. https://web.archive.org/web/20160525022148/http://www.palaisevents.at/en/palaisdaunkinsky.html. 30 July 2022. 25 May 2016.
6. Book: Daniela Tarabra . European Art of the Eighteenth Century. 2008. Getty Publications. 978-0-89236-921-8 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=ZQp4tkAX_UQC&pg=PA374 .
7. Book: William Grange . Historical Dictionary of German Theater . 2006. Scarecrow Press. 978-0-8108-6489-4 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=WetnNgbRXDoC&pg=PR13 . William Grange .
8. Book: Famous First Facts . 2000 . H.W. Wilson Co. . Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell . 0824209583 . Famous First Facts .
9. Web site: BBC . Radio 3 . Opera Timeline . 30 March 2015 . BBC Radio 3 .
10. Book: . Cambridge Companion to Choral Music . 2012 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-11173-7 . Choral Music in the Culture of the 19th Century . Chester L. Alwes . Music publishers of the 18th to the early 20th c. (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=b79Dc9sHDtMC&pg=PA39 . registration .
11. Book: Eric Roman. Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: A Reference Guide . 2003. Facts on File . 978-0-8160-7469-3 . Chronologies: Austro-Hungarian Empire 1522-1918 . https://books.google.com/books?id=EvCfTIsTOskC&pg=PA585 .
12. Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907 . A.J. Mackintosh . . UK . 1907 . 177 . 2027/njp.32101076197365?urlappend=%3Bseq=694 .
13. Web site: Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937 . Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937 . Online Exhibitions . 2007 . Chris Michaelides . British Library .
14. Charles Emerson, 1913: In Search of the World Before the Great War (2013) compares Vienna to 20 major world cities on the eve of World War I; pp 87–109.
15. Book: Florian Illies . 1913: The Year Before the Storm. registration . 2013. Melville House. 978-1-61219-352-6. Florian Illies.
16. Web site: A CHW története. Collegium Hungaricum Bécs. 30 July 2022. hu.
17. Web site: Garden Search: Austria . . London . 30 September 2015 .
18. Book: James C. Docherty . Peter Lamb . Historical Dictionary of Socialism . 2006 . 2nd . . 978-0-8108-6477-1 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=JRYjU-L4F7wC&pg=PR21 .
19. Book: Paula Sutter Fichtner. Historical Dictionary of Austria. 2009. . USA . 978-0-8108-6310-1 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=ilyK1_1f0zYC&pg=PR25 .
20. Web site: Movie Theaters in Vienna, Austria . CinemaTreasures.org . Cinema Treasures LLC . Los Angeles . 7 August 2013 .
21. Web site: The Subcamps. KZ-Gedenkstätte Mauthausen. 8 August 2022.
22. Web site: Istituto italiano di Cultura di Vienna: La storia. 31 July 2022. it.
23. Book: Film and Television Collections in Europe: the MAP-TV Guide. 1995 . Routledge. 978-1-135-37262-0.
24. Web site: O nas. Instytut Polski w Wiedniu. 30 July 2022. pl.
25. Web site: O nás. České centrum Vídeň. 30 July 2022. cs.
26. Web site: Mayor and Governor of Vienna . City of Vienna . https://web.archive.org/web/20091115093328/http://www.wien.gv.at/english/politics/citygovernment/mayor.html . dead . November 15, 2009 .
27. Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/20000302122230/http://www.wien.gv.at/ . Wien Online . 2000-03-02 . de . .
28. Web site: Smart City Wien . City of Vienna . 11 December 2019 .