Timeline of Stuttgart explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Stuttgart, Germany.

Prior to 14th century

• 1st C. CE - Roman fort established (Bad Cannstatt).
• 950 CE - Old Castle built.
• 1240 - Stiftskirche built.
• 1300 - Counts of Württemberg establish residence (approximate date).

14th-18th century

• 1321 - City status granted.
• 1392 - Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg (1315–1392) dies in Stuttgart.
• 1486 - Printing press in operation.^[1]
• 1493 - Spitalkirche built.
• 1495 - Stuttgart becomes capital of Wurttemberg.
• 1570 - Old Palace built.
• 1626 - (cemetery) in use.
• 1686 - Gymnasium illustre (school) established.
• 1769 - Castle Solitude built outside city.
• 1775 - Karlsschule relocates to Stuttgart.
• 1795 - Population: 19,510.

19th century

• 1803 - City becomes capital of the Electorate of Württemberg.
• 1807
  • New Palace built.
  • Schlossplatz opens.
• 1808 - Schloss-Garten laid out in Neckar-Strasse.
• 1810 - Royal Library founded by Frederick I of Württemberg.
• 1811 - Stuttgart Cathedral rebuilding completed.
• 1820 - becomes mayor.
• 1824 - Stuttgarter Liederkranz (singing society) founded.
• 1826 - Natural history museum opens.
• 1827 - built.
• 1829 - University of Stuttgart founded.
• 1830 - Rosenstein Palace completed.
• 1832 - Winterschule für Bauhandwerker (trade school) founded.^[2]
• 1833 - becomes mayor.
• 1839 - Schiller memorial erected in Schillerplatz.
• 1840 - Wilhelm Palais built.
• 1841
  • Schlossplatz column erected.
  • Hospitalkirche restored.
  • Population: 42,217.
• 1842 - founded.
• 1843 - Staatsgalerie Stuttgart (art museum) opens.
• 1846
  • Railway station opens.
  • Wilhelma garden established.^[3]
• 1848 - Stuttgart-Heilbronn railway begins operating.
• 1849 - Rump parliament held.
• 1857
  • Stuttgart Music School founded.
  • Hotel Marquardt in business.
  • Ploucquet's Museum opens.^[4]
• 1860
  • Königsbau constructed on the Schlossplatz.
  • Population: 61,314.
• 1861 - built.
• 1862 - becomes mayor.
• 1864 - (concert hall) built.
• 1865 - Polytechnic School built in Stadtgarten-Platz.
• 1869 - Württemberg State Museum founded.
• 1870 - Architectural school built.
• 1871
  • City becomes part of the German Empire.
  • zoo in business.^[5]
• 1872
  • Black Forest Railway (Württemberg) in operation.
  • becomes mayor.
  • Stuttgarter Hofbräu brewery in business.
• 1873 - (cemetery) established.
• 1875
  • Martin's "Museum of the Primeval World" opens.
  • Marienkirche built.
• 1876 - Johanneskirche built.
• 1880
  • Wilhelma park opens to the public.^[6]
  • Law Courts built.
  • Population: 117,303.
• 1881 - Breuninger retailer in business.
  • Gewerbehalle built in Kriegsberg-Strasse.
• 1888 - Dinkelacker brewery in business.
• 1889 - Stuttgart Swimming Baths built.
• 1890 - Population: 139,817.
• 1892 - Socialist women's newspaper Die Gleichheit in publication in Stuttgart.^[7]
• 1893 - becomes mayor.
• 1894 - in business.
• 1895 - Kriegsberg Tower, Landesgewerbe-Museum (industrial museum), and Königin-Olga-Bau constructed.
• 1899 - becomes mayor.
• 1900
  • German Peace Society headquartered in city.^[8]
  • Friedrichsbau theatre opens.
  • Stuttgarter Hymnus-Chorknaben (boys' choir) founded.
  • Population: 176,699.^[9]

20th century

1900s-1945

• 1901 - City public library established.
• 1903 - Solituderennen motorsport events begin.
• 1905
  • Cannstatt and Untertürkheim become part of city.
  • Population:249,443.
• 1907 - International Socialist Congress held in Stuttgart.
• 1908
  • Degerloch becomes part of city.
  • Cavalry barracks built.
• 1910
  • built.
  • Population: 286,218.^[10]
• 1911
  • Linden Museum established.
  • becomes mayor.
• 1912
  • Verein für Bewegungsspiele Stuttgart (football club) formed.
  • Königliche Hoftheater and Stuttgart-Degerloch water tower built.
• 1913 - (cemetery) established.
• 1915 - Böblingen Airport begins operating.
• 1916 - Stuttgart Open tennis tournament begins.
• 1918
  • City becomes capital of Free People's State of Württemberg.
  • Schlossplatz opens to the public.
• 1919 - Population: 309,197.^[11]
• 1922
  • Botnang becomes part of city.
  • Stuttgart Central Station rebuilt.
  • Stuttgart Observatory active.
• 1924 - Stuttgarter Philharmoniker (orchestra) formed.^[12]
• 1927
  • Weissenhof Estate built.
  • Flandern military training ground active.
• 1928 - Tagblatt-Turm and Schocken Department Store built.
• 1931
  • Rotenberg and Zuffenhausen become part of city.
  • Ferdinand Porsche in business.^[13]
• 1933
  • Feuerbach and Weilimdorf become part of city.
  • Karl Strölin becomes mayor.
  • Adolf-Hitler-Kampfbahn (stadium) built.
• 1935 - Max-Eyth-See (artificial lake) created.
• 1937 - Kurmärker Kaserne (military barracks) built.
• 1938
  • Helenen Kaserne (military barracks) established.
  • redesign adopted.
• 1939
  • Stuttgart Airport built.
  • Horticultural exhibition held in Killesbergpark.
  • Deportation of Jews begins.
• 1940
  • Robert-Bosch-Hospital opens.
  • August 25: Aerial bombing by Allied forces begins.
• 1942
  • Plieningen and become part of city.
  • November 22: Aerial bombing.
• 1943
  • March 11: Aerial bombing.
  • April 15: Aerial bombing.
  • September 6: Aerial bombing.
  • October 8: Aerial bombing.
  • November 26: Aerial bombing.
• 1944
  • February 21: Aerial bombing.
  • March 2: Aerial bombing.
  • March 15: Aerial bombing.
  • July: Aerial bombing.
  • September: Aerial bombing.
  • October 19: Aerial bombing.
  • November 5: Aerial bombing.
  • December 9: Aerial bombing.
• 1945
  • January 28: Aerial bombing.
  • April 21: Allied ground forces take city; military occupation begins.
  • December 5: United States Army occupies Kelley Barracks.
  • Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra and Volkstheater founded.
  • Arnulf Klett becomes mayor.

1946-1990s

• 1946 - Südfunk-Chor Stuttgart (choir) formed.
• 1947 - Alte Staatsgalerie rebuilt.
• 1948 - Bölkow aircraft manufactory in business.
• 1952 - City becomes part of newly formed state of Baden-Württemberg.
• 1953 - Landesarboretum Baden-Württemberg established.
• 1954
  • (water supply organization) founded.^[14]
  • State Museum of Natural History exhibits open in Rosenstein Castle.^[15]
• 1956 - Fernsehturm Stuttgart commissioned.
• 1957 - Birkenkopf enlarged.
• 1961 - City hosts Bundesgartenschau (national horticulture biennial).^[16]
• 1964
  • Stammheim Prison commissioned.
  • New Palace reconstructed.
• 1965
  • Wilhelm Palais reconstructed.
  • Railway Vehicle Preservation Company founded.
• 1966 - Funkturm Stuttgart and Versatel building constructed.
• 1967 - United States European Command headquarters relocates to Stuttgart.
• 1969 - Old Castle renovated.
• 1970 - Württembergische Landesbibliothek (state library) building opens.
• 1971 - Georg von Holtzbrinck Publishing Group in business.^[17]
• 1972 - Hannibal housing development and Fernmeldeturm constructed.
• 1973 - Stuttgart (region) (Regierungsbezirk) established.
• 1974 - Manfred Rommel becomes mayor.
• 1975
  • Trial of Red Army Faction members held in Stammheim Prison.
  • Stuttgart-Möhringen directional radio tower built.
• 1976
  • Porsche Museum opens.
  • Kickers-Stadium renovated.
• 1978
  • Stuttgart S-Bahn begins operating.
  • founded.^[18]
  • Roman Catholic Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart active.^[19]
• 1981 - Internationale Bachakademie Stuttgart founded.
• 1982 - begins.
• 1983 - Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle built.
• 1984
  • Neue Staatsgalerie (art museum) opens.
  • Theaterhaus Stuttgart founded.
• 1987 - Sparkassen Cup track and field competition begins.
• 1988
  • Schwanenbrau Cup cycling race begins.
  • May: 1988 European Cup Final held.
• 1994 - Stuttgart Region (metropolitan area) and (regional governance entity) established.
• 1997 - Wolfgang Schuster becomes mayor.
• 2000 - Observation tower built in Killesbergpark.

21st century

• 2005 - Kunstmuseum Stuttgart opens.
• 2006 - Mercedes-Benz Museum opens.
• 2007
  • Messe Stuttgart (exhibition centre) built.
  • United States Africa Command headquartered in Stuttgart.
• 2011
  • May: Trial of Rwandan military leader Ignace Murwanashyaka begins at the .
  • Population: 613,392.
• 2013 - Fritz Kuhn becomes mayor.^[20]

See also

• Stuttgart history

Other cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg:^(de)

• Timeline of Mannheim

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• • Stuttgart . 25 . 1054 - 1055 . 1910 . . 1.
    • Book: John M. Jeep. Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia. 2001. . 0-8240-7644-3. Stuttgart.

in German

• Book: Wilhelm Heinrich Theodor Plieninger . Beschreibung von Stuttgart . Hoffmann . Stuttgart. 1834. de .
• Book: August Zoller . Stuttgart und seine Umgebungen . F.H. Kohler . Stuttgart . 1841 . de .
• Book: Julius Hartmann . Chronik der Stadt Stuttgart . Greiner & Pfeiffer. Stuttgart. 1886. de .
• Book: Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon. Leipzig. Brockhaus. 1896. 14th. de. Stuttgart. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101064064528?urlappend=%3Bseq=552. . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. 2027/njp.32101064064528?urlappend=%3Bseq=552.
• Book: P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht. Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas . Meyer's Atlas of German Cities. 1913. Bibliographisches Institut. Leipzig. de. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009018394. Stuttgart.
• Book: Die Chroniken der Deutschen Städte . Chronicles of the German Cities . Stuttgart . 33-36 . Leipzig . S. Hirzel. 1928–1931. de .
• Book: Wolfgang Adam . Siegrid Westphal. Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum. 2012. De Gruyter. 978-3-11-029555-9 . de. Stuttgart. 1877+ . .
• Book: Stuttgart: Eine Stadt verändert ihr Gesicht . de . Uwe Bogen . Thomas Wagner . Sutton Verlag. 2012. .

External links

• Web site: Stuttgarter Stadtgeschichte im Überblick . Stuttgart city history at a glance . Stadtgeschichte (city history) . de . Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart .
• Links to fulltext city directories for Stuttgart via Wikisource

Notes and References

1. Book: Henri Bouchot . H. Grevel . London . The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. 1890. H. Grevel & Co. . https://books.google.com/books?id=5ycxAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA367 . Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established . Henri Bouchot .
2. Web site: Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart . de . January 5, 2013.
3. Web site: Garden Search: Germany . . London . 30 June 2015 .
4. Das zoologische Museum von Ploucquet, Präparator am k. Naturalienkabinet in Stuttgart . de . J.W. v. Muller . Journal für Ornithologie . 6 . 1858 . 10.1007/bf02018759 . 74–75. 43324182 .
5. Book: Vernon N. Kisling. Zoo and Aquarium History. 2000. . USA . 978-1-4200-3924-5 . Zoos and Aquariums of the World (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=dxTrR5nOE0UC&pg=PA369 .
6. Web site: History of Wilhelma . Wilhelma, der zoologisch-botanische Garten Stuttgart . January 5, 2013.
7. Book: Famous First Facts . 2000 . H.W. Wilson Co. . Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell . 0824209583 . Famous First Facts .
8. Peace Movement and the Religious Community in Germany, 1900-1914 . Roger Philip Chickering . Church History . 38 . 3 . 1969 . 3163154 . 10.2307/3163154 . 300–311. 162278135 .
9. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1904 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany . 2027/njp.32101072368424?urlappend=%3Bseq=728 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368424?urlappend=%3Bseq=728 .
10. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1915 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany . 2027/njp.32101072368358?urlappend=%3Bseq=1017 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368358?urlappend=%3Bseq=1017 .
11. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany: Principal Towns . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=972 . Hathi Trust . Statesman's Year-Book . 2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=972 .
12. Book: . Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. 2003. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-00132-8 . Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=1DW1WyiooSMC&pg=PA277 .
13. Web site: History . Porsche Cars Great Britain Ltd. . January 5, 2013.
14. Book: Ursula Heinzelmann . Food Culture in Germany. 2008. Greenwood Press . 978-0-313-34495-4 . Timeline . https://books.google.com/books?id=ULLygtLOI-kC&pg=PR15 . Ursula Heinzelmann.
15. Web site: Von der herzoglich-württembergischen Kunstkammer zum Staatlichen Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart . Staatliche Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart . de . January 5, 2013.
16. Web site: Bisherige Gartenschauen . de . Previous Garden Shows . Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft . Bonn . 2 December 2013.
17. Web site: Holtzbrinck Timeline . https://web.archive.org/web/20141020153836/http://www.ulib.niu.edu/publishers/Holtzbrinck.htm . dead . 2014-10-20 . The Academic Publishing Industry: A Story of Merger and Acquisition . Mary H. Munroe . 2004 . Northern Illinois University .
18. Web site: Germany . Art Spaces Directory . New York . . 1 December 2013.
19. Web site: Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany . Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese) . Norway . 30 June 2015 .
20. Web site: Fritz Kuhn ... darf ab Montag Stuttgart regieren . January 5, 2013 . de . Rheinische Post.