Timeline of Seattle explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Seattle, Washington, USA.

Before the 19th century

• Native Americans explore and settle throughout the Puget Sound region which includes the Seattle area.

19th century

See main article: History of Seattle before white settlement and History of Seattle before 1900.

• 1851
  • September 14: The Collins Party led by Luther Collins finds a settlement in present-day Georgetown. Scouts from the Denny Party arrive at Alki shortly after.
  • November 13: The remainder of the Denny Party arrives at Alki Point to spend a rainy winter.
• 1852 – The Denny Party moves to present day Downtown Seattle in April.
• 1853 – Seattle becomes seat of King County, Washington Territory.
• 1854 – School opens.
• 1855 – Population: 300.
• 1858 – The arrival of Manuel Lopes, the city's first Black resident.
• 1861 – Washington Territorial University established.
• 1863 – Washington Gazette newspaper begins publication.^[1]
• 1864 – May 16: The Mercer Girls arrive.
• 1867 – Weekly Intelligencer newspaper begins publication.
• 1868 – The Seattle Library Association is founded.^[2]
• 1869 – Henry A. Atkins becomes mayor.
• 1870
  • Central School opens.
  • Church of Our Lady of Good Help founded.
  • Population: 1,107.
• 1873 – Seattle & Walla Walla Railroad organized.
• 1874 – Gas street lamps installed.
• 1875
  • San Francisco–Seattle steamship service begins.
  • Ms. Maynard's Reading Room opens.
• 1878 – Seattle Daily Post begins publication.
• 1879 – Squire opera house built.
• 1880
  • City chartered.
  • Frye opera house built.
  • Population: 3,533.
• 1883 – Telephone and Columbia and Puget Sound Railroad begin operating.
• 1885 – Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway organized.
• 1886 – February: Most Chinese were expelled by White mobs.^[3]
• 1888 – Rainier Club established.
• 1889
  • Seattle Federation of Women's Clubs organized.^[4]
  • June 6: Great Seattle Fire.
  • Seattle Fire Department established.
  • Electric streetcar begins operating.^[5]
  • City becomes part of the new U.S. State of Washington.
• 1890
  • Telegraph newspaper begins publication.
  • Country Club established.
  • Population: 42,837.
• 1891 – Seattle Public Library opens.
• 1892 – Pioneer Building constructed.
• 1893
  • Great Northern Railway begins operating.
  • Seattle Athletic Club organized.
  • Seattle Theatre opens.
  • Curtis & Guptil photographers in business.^[6]
• 1894 – The Argus newspaper begins publication.
  • The Seattle Republican daily newspaper beings publication^[7]
• 1895 – Seattle General Hospital established.
• 1898 – U.S. assay office opens.
• 1899
  • The Seattle Star newspaper begins publication.
  • Tlingit totem pole installed in Pioneer Place.
• 1900
  • Population: 80,671.
  • Seattle General Hospital re-opened in a new building.

20th century

1900s–1940s

See main article: History of Seattle 1900–40.

• 1901 – Renton Hill Community Improvement Club organized.^[8]
• 1903
  • July 30: Semi-centennial of founding of Seattle.
  • City hires Olmsted Brothers to design public parks.
• 1905
  • South Seattle becomes part of city.
  • Seattle Fine Arts Society established.
• 1906
  • The Mountaineers (club) formed.
  • Public Library building opens.^[9]
  • King Street Station opens.
• 1907
  • City expands, annexing Atlantic City, Ballard, Columbia, Dunlap, Rainier Beach, Ravenna, South-East Seattle, South Park, and West Seattle.
  • Pike Place Market opens.
  • St. James Cathedral built.
• 1908
  • The Great White Fleet visits Seattle and Puget Sound area.^[10]
• 1909
  • June 1: Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition opens.
  • Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad begins operating.
• 1910
  • Georgetown becomes part of city.
  • Municipal League of Seattle founded.^[11]
  • Population: 237,194.
• 1911 – Port of Seattle established.^[12]
• 1913
  • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People branch established.
  • 20th Avenue NE Bridge opens.
• 1914 – Smith Tower built.
• 1916
  • Seattle Audubon Society established.
  • Coliseum Theater opens.^[13]
• 1918 – Bessaroth Synagogue dedicated.
• 1919 – February: Seattle General Strike.^[14]
• 1920 – Seattle Northwest Enterprise newspaper begins publication.
• 1922 – The first Miss Seattle is crowned.
• 1923
  • Seattle Goodwill Industries established.^{[15] [16]}
  • Mountaineers Players (theatre troupe) active.^[17]
• 1924
  • September 28: First aerial circumnavigation of the world lands at Sand Point.
  • Seattle Camera Club founded.
• 1925
  • Sears, Roebuck store in business.
  • Eagles Auditorium Building constructed.
  • Seattle Planning Commission established.
• 1926 – U.S. Naval Air Station established at Sand Point.
• 1928 – Civic Auditorium and Paramount Theatre open.
• 1929 – Seattle Urban League founded.
• 1930
  • Pike Place Fish Market and Japanese American Citizen's League established.
  • Exchange Building constructed.
• 1932 – Grace Hospital established.
• 1933 – Seattle Art Museum opens.^[18]
• 1938 – Vedanta Society of Western Washington founded.^[19]
• 1940 – Population: 368,302.
  • April 28: Seattle trolleybus system opens.
• 1941
  • April 12: Last streetcar line closed.
• 1946 – Seattle Foundation established.
• 1947
  • Airport begins operating.
  • Memorial Stadium opens.
• 1949 – Free port opens.

1950s–1990s

See main article: History of Seattle since 1940.

• 1950
  • Seattle Chinese Golf Club formed.
  • Population: 467,591.
• 1957 – Sister city relationship established with Kobe, Japan.^[20]
• 1959 – City joins Puget Sound Governmental Conference.^[21]
• 1960 – Population: 557,087.
• 1961
  • Space Needle erected.
  • American Institute of Architects Seattle chapter active.^[22]
• 1962
  • Alweg Monorail begins operating.
  • April 21 – Seattle World's Fair opens.
  • Congress of Racial Equality chapter established.^[23]
  • Blaine Memorial United Methodist Church built.
• 1963
  • Seattle Opera and Seattle Repertory Theatre^[24] founded.
  • Martin Cinerama opens.
• 1964
  • August 21: The Beatles perform at the Seattle Center Coliseum; they would do so once more just over two years later.
• 1965
  • April 29: The 6.7 Puget Sound earthquake affected western Washington with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), causing seven deaths and $12.5–28 million in financial losses in the Puget Sound region.
  • ACT Theatre founded.
• 1967
  • November: Radical Women founded.Seattle Radical Women, one of first women's liberation groups in the United States, forms in November 1967.
  • Allied Arts of Seattle founded.
  • Sister city relationship established with Bergen, Norway.
• 1969
  • Little Bread Co. and Brasserie Pittsbourg in business.
  • Seafirst Building constructed. It becomes Seattle's tallest building for 16 years.
• 1970 – Seattle Marathon, and negative income tax program begin.
• 1971
  • Mayor's Arts Festival begins (later known as Bumbershoot).
  • Starbucks in business.^[25]
• 1972
  • Pacific Northwest Dance Association established.
  • Intiman Theatre Festival begins.
• 1973 – Sister city relationship established with Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
• 1974 – Seattle Seahawks franchise established, would begin play in 1976.^[26]
• 1975 – World's first "commercial software for personal computers" invented in Seattle.^[27]
• 1976 – Daybreak Star Cultural Center opens.
• 1977
  • Seattle Mariners baseball team formed.^[28]
  • Sister city relationship established with Beersheba, Israel.
• 1978 – Central Co-op established.^[29]
• 1979
  • P-Patch Advisory Council established.^[30]
  • Music Magazine The Rocket begins publishing.^[31]
  • June 1: Seattle SuperSonics basketball team wins NBA Finals.
  • Sister city relationship established with Mazatlán, Mexico.
• 1980
  • Subterranean Pop fanzine begins publication.
  • Sister city relationship established with Nantes, France.
  • The last Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad train leaves Seattle before abandonment.
• 1981 – Sister city relationships established with Christchurch, New Zealand; and Mombasa, Kenya.
• 1982 – Market Park landscaped.
• 1983 – Sister city relationship established with Chongqing, China.
• 1984
  • 911 Media Arts Center and Weird Science Salon founded.
  • Sister city relationship established with Limbe, Cameroon.
• 1985
  • Seattle Municipal Archives established.
  • The 76-story Columbia Seafirst Center is built and becomes the city's tallest building. In response, the Citizen Alternative Plan (CAP) advocates for height limits in Downtown.
• 1986 – Sister city relationships established with Galway, Ireland; and Reykjavík, Iceland.
• 1988
  • Washington State Convention Center and Telephone Museum open.
  • Nirvana releases its first album on Seattle's SubPop Records.
• 1989
  • Jim McDermott becomes U.S. representative for Washington's 7th congressional district.^[32]
  • Sister city relationship established with Daejeon, South Korea.
• 1990
  • September 15: Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel opens.
  • Norm Rice becomes mayor.
  • October: Pearl Jam plays its first concert ever in Seattle's Off Ramp Café.
  • Population: 516,259.
• 1991
  • Sustainable Seattle nonprofit established.
  • Washington Hemp Expo begins.
  • Seattle Art Museum rebuilt.
  • Sister city relationships established with Cebu, Philippines; and Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
• 1992 – Sister city relationship established with Pécs, Hungary; and Surabaya, Indonesia.
• 1993
  • Seattle Knights jousting acting troupe founded.
  • Fictional movie Sleepless in Seattle released.^[33]
  • Sister city relationships established with Gdynia, Poland; and Perugia, Italy.
• 1994
  • Amazon.com in business.
  • Seattle Asian Art Museum opens.
  • City Public Access Network online.^[34]
• 1996 – Sister city relationship established with Haiphong, Vietnam.
• 1997
  • Seattle Internet Exchange and Seattle Channel^[35] established.
  • Jet City Maven newspaper begins publication.
• 1998 – Paul Schell becomes mayor.
• 1999
  • November 30: Anti-globalization protest during World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference.
  • Town Hall Seattle opens.
  • Sister city relationship established with Sihanoukville, Cambodia.
• 2000
  • Experience Music Project opens.
  • Music Magazine The Rocket ends publishing.^[36]

21st century

• 2001
  • February 27: Seattle Mardi Gras Riots
  • February 28: Nisqually earthquake.
  • September: Boeing relocates its corporate headquarters to Chicago, Illinois.
• 2002
  • July 28: The first sporting event at Seahawks Stadium, a Seattle Sounders soccer match, is held.
• 2004
  • Seattle Central Library building opens.
  • Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project founded.
  • Rat City Rollergirls (rollerderby league) founded.
• 2006
  • Seattle Metropolitan begins publication.
  • Kavana Cooperative founded.^{[37] [38]}
• 2007
  • December 12: South Lake Union Streetcar line opened.^[39]
• 2008
  • Tilted Thunder Rail Birds (rollerderby league) formed.
  • Seattle SuperSonics move to Oklahoma City
• 2009
  • July 18: Central Link light rail begins service between Westlake and Tukwila.^[40]
  • December 19: Central Link is extended to SeaTac Airport.^[41]
  • InvestigateWest news headquartered in Seattle.^[42]
  • Upping Technology for Underserved Neighbors and Jigsaw Renaissance^[43] founded.
  • CondoInternet in business.
• 2010
  • Northwest Chocolate Festival begins.
  • Michael McGinn becomes mayor.
  • Population: 608,660;^[44] metro 3,439,809.^[45]
• 2011
  • Seattle Shorts Film Fest begins.^[46]
  • Citizen University headquartered in city.^[47]
• 2012
  • Ban against plastic shopping bags in effect.
  • Chihuly Garden and Glass and Living Computer Museum open.
• 2013
  • Construction of the Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel by the tunnel-boring machine Bertha begins.
  • Population: 652,405.^[48]
• 2014
  • January: Ed Murray becomes mayor.
  • February: Seattle Seahawks win Super Bowl football contest.^[49]
  • May: City minimum wage hike announced.^[50]
• 2015
  • May: A large kayak protest against Arctic oil drilling is held on Elliott Bay in response to a Shell oil platform arriving at the Port of Seattle.
  • September: School teacher labor strike.
• 2016
  • January 23: First Hill Streetcar line opens.^[51]
  • March 19: University Link Tunnel extends light rail to Capitol Hill and Husky Stadium.
• 2020
  • Beginning in March: During the week, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States across Washington (state), 3 counties in Seattle area issued directives for residents to shelter-in-place until at least April 7.
  • Beginning in May: George Floyd protests in Seattle begins.
• 2023
  • February 21: Seattle became the first city in the United States to ban discrimination based on caste.^[52]

See also

• History of Seattle
• Neighborhoods in Seattle
• List of mayors of Seattle
• Timelines of Seattle's sister cities: Bergen, Kobe, Mombasa, Nantes, Perugia, Reykjavík, Tashkent
• Timeline of Spokane, Washington
• Timeline of the Tri-Cities, Washington
• Timeline of Washington (state) history

Bibliography

Published in the 19th century

• Book: Puget Sound Business Directory. Olympia. Murphy & Harned. 1872. Seattle. 2027/njp.32101079826390.
• Book: Seattle City Directory for 1890. Polk's Seattle Directory Co.. Seattle. 2027/inu.30000096136753.
  • Book: Washington the Evergreen state, and Seattle, its metropolis. 1890. Crawford & Conover. 2016-10-20. 2013-12-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231233646/http://books.google.com/books?id=Kyp1AAAAMAAJ. live.
• Book: History of Seattle, Washington. 1891. New York. 9780598280718. Frederic James Grant. 2016-10-20. 2013-12-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231233943/http://books.google.com/books?id=X_80AQAAMAAJ. live.

Published in the 20th century

• Book: Polk's Seattle City Directory. 1901. Seattle. 2016-10-20. 2013-12-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231225109/http://books.google.com/books?id=yU7OAAAAMAAJ. live.
• Book: Semi-Centennial Celebration of the Founding of Seattle. 1903. Chamber of Commerce. 2016-10-20. 2014-01-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20140101000030/http://books.google.com/books?id=HXJ2ZfOruwoC. live.
  • Seattle . 24 . 563 - 564 . 1910 . . 1.
    • Book: Raymer's Dictionary of Greater Seattle. Seattle. Raymer's Old Book Store. 1913. . 2013-10-22. 2013-10-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062123/http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008658017. live.
• v.2
• Book: Automobile Blue Book. 1919. New York. Points of Interest in Seattle, Wash.. https://books.google.com/books?id=b-QNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA228. Automobile Blue Book. 2016-10-20. 2014-01-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20140101002217/http://books.google.com/books?id=b-QNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA228. live.
• Cornelius Hanford, Seattle and Enzirons, 1852–1924 (Seattle, 1924)
  • • Roger Sale, Seattle: Past to Present (Seattle, 1976)
• Civic Groups, Political Action, and City Planning in Seattle, 1892–1915. Mansel G. Blackford. Pacific Historical Review. 49. 4. 557–580. 1980. 3638967. . 10.2307/3638967.
  • Richard C. Berner, Seattle in the 20th Century (Seattle: Charles Press, 1991)
• Blacks and Asians in a White City: Japanese Americans and African Americans in Seattle, 1890–1940. Quintard Taylor. Quintard Taylor. Western Historical Quarterly. 22. 4. 401–429. 1991. 970984. . 10.2307/970984.
• Regional City and Network City: Portland and Seattle in the Twentieth Century. Carl Abbott. Western Historical Quarterly. 23. 3. 293–322. 1992. 971508. 10.2307/971508. 2020-09-09. 2020-09-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20200926090203/https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/usp_fac/72/. live.
• Bob Lane, Better Than Promised, An Informal History of the Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle (Seattle: King County Department of Metropolitan Services, 1995)

Published in the 21st century

• Web site: Seattle Through the Years. November 13, 2001. The Seattle Times. Vince Kueter. . October 22, 2013. October 23, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060222/http://seattletimes.com/news/local/seattle_history/articles/timeline.html. live.
  • Early Telephone Use in Seattle, 1880s–1920s. Keiko Tanaka. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 92. 4. 190–202. 2001. 40492685. .
• Meeting the Danger of Fire: Design and Construction in Seattle after 1889. Jeffrey Karl Ochsner. Dennis Alan Andersen. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 93. 3. 115–126. 2002. 40492770. .
• Web site: Seattle in Focus: A Profile from Census 2000. 2003. Brookings Institution. Washington, D.C.. 2014-02-10. 2014-02-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20140221183250/http://www.brookings.edu/research/topics/seattle#/?tab=1. live.
• Racism and Temperance: The Politics of Class and Gender in Late 19th-Century Seattle. John Putman. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 95. 2. 70–81. 2004. 40491731. .
• Prescriptive Plans for a Healthy Central Business District: Seattle Downtown Design, 1956–1966. Sohyun Park. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 98. 3. 107–114. 2007. 40492027. .
• Book: Elenga, Maureen R.. 2007. Seattle Architecture: A Walking Guide To Downtown. Seattle Architecture Foundation. 978-0-615-14129-9.
• Book: Poverty and the Government in America: A Historical Encyclopedia. Jyotsna Sreenivasan. 2009. ABC-CLIO. 978-1-59884-168-8. Seattle/Denver Income Maintenance Experiments. 558+. . https://archive.org/details/povertygovernmen0000unse/page/558.
• Book: Coll Thrush. Native Seattle: histories from the crossing-over place. 2009. University of Washington Press. 978-0-295-98992-1. .

External links

• Web site: Broadband Failures of Seattle – Timeline. Upping Technology for Underserved Neighbors. Seattle.
• Web site: Seattle Photographs. University of Washington Libraries. Digital Collections.
• Materials related to Seattle, various dates (via Library of Congress, Prints & Photos Division)
• Items related to Seattle, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
• Items related to Seattle, various dates (via Europeana)
• Various Seattle-related archived websites: Web site: (Seattle). Internet Archive, Archive-It.
• Web site: Seattle Women's History Timeline. Women in City Government. Online Exhibits. Seattle Municipal Archives. City of Seattle.
• Web site: Civil Rights Timeline. Seattle Open Housing Campaign. Online Exhibits. Seattle Municipal Archives. City of Seattle.
• , ca.1914–1949

Notes and References

1. Web site: US Newspaper Directory. Washington, D.C.. Chronicling America. Library of Congress. October 21, 2013. April 7, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140407072055/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/search/titles/results/?state=Washington&county=&city=Seattle&rows=50&sort=date. live.
2. Web site: American Libraries before 1876. Davies Project. Princeton University. October 21, 2013. March 2, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150302215225/http://www.princeton.edu/~davpro/databases/index.html. live.
3. Web site: Mobs forcibly expel most of Seattle. 2021-04-26. historylink.org. 2021-04-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20210426164748/https://www.historylink.org/File/2745. live.
4. Web site: Finding Aids. Northwest Digital Archives. October 21, 2013. October 21, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131021233248/http://nwda.orbiscascade.org/search/FilingTitles.aspx. live.
5. Web site: Seattle Transportation: From Trolleys to Monorails, A Timeline. Seattle. HistoryLink. June 30, 2014. October 7, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141007100655/http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=4005. live.
6. Book: Egan, Timothy. Timothy Egan. Short nights of the Shadow Catcher: the epic life and immortal photographs of Edward Curtis. registration. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2012. Boston. 370. 978-0618969029.
7. Chronicling American, Library of Congress Website
8. Web site: HistoryLink.org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. Seattle. History Ink/HistoryLink. October 21, 2013. February 6, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160206082606/http://www.historylink.org/. live.
9. Book: American Library Annual, 1917–1918. 1918. 7 v. New York. R.R. Bowker Co.. 2013-10-22. 2014-12-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20141225020305/http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000638965. live.
10. Web site: Puget Sound Ports. 2017-02-12. dead. 2015-05-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20150519181717/http://www.navy.mil/gwf/pugetsound.htm.
11. Web site: Our History. Seattle. Municipal League Foundation. October 21, 2013. October 23, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060903/http://www.munileague.org/?page_id=58. live.
12. Web site: History: Timeline. Port of Seattle. September 16, 2016. September 16, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160916233613/http://www.portseattle.org/About/History/Pages/default.aspx. live.
13. Web site: Movie Theaters in Seattle, WA. CinemaTreasures.org. Cinema Treasures LLC. Los Angeles. October 21, 2013. May 4, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140504192849/http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/united-states/washington/seattle?status=all. live.
14. Book: Aaron Brenner. Benjamin Day. Immanuel Ness. Immanuel Ness. Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History. 2015. 2009. Routledge. 978-1-317-45707-7. Timeline. https://books.google.com/books?id=xmVsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PR17. 2016-09-15. 2017-03-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20170329060436/https://books.google.com/books?id=xmVsBgAAQBAJ&pg=PR17. live.
15. Web site: About Us. Seattle Goodwill. October 31, 2013. November 2, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131102115037/http://seattlegoodwill.org/about-us/our-history. live.
16. Web site: Seattle, Washington. ProPublica. New York. Nonprofit Explorer. 9 May 2013. Mike Tigas and Sisi Wei. October 31, 2013. October 27, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211027180514/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=Seattle&state%5Bid%5D=WA&ntee%5Bid%5D=&c_code%5Bid%5D=. live.
17. Web site: American Association of Community Theatre. November 6, 2013. December 6, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131206123110/http://www.aact2.org/. live.
18. Web site: About SAM: History Timeline. Seattle Art Museum. October 21, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060053/http://www.seattleartmuseum.org/aboutus/History/HistoryTimeline.asp. October 23, 2013.
19. Web site: Vedanta Society of Western Washington. Seattle. October 21, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/19990218124231/http://www.vedanta-seattle.org/. dead. February 18, 1999.
20. Web site: City of Seattle. December 30, 2015. Seattle's 21 Sister Cities. October 2, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151002132819/http://www.seattle.gov/oir/sister-cities/seattles-21-sister-cities. live.
21. Web site: Puget Sound Regional Council. History of PSRC. 2011. October 31, 2013. November 2, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131102185958/http://www.psrc.org/about/pubs. live.
22. Web site: AIA Seattle History: Timeline 1894–1994. AIA Seattle. October 21, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062122/http://www.aiaseattle.org/archive_aiaseattlehistory.htm. October 23, 2013.
23. Web site: Timeline: Seattle CORE 1961–1968. Joan Singler. University of Washington, Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project. June 30, 2014. June 13, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140613005342/http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/CORE_timeline.htm. live.
24. Web site: About Us: Event Timeline. Seattle Repertory Theatre. June 30, 2014. April 23, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140423053207/http://www.seattlerep.org/About/History/EventTimeline. live.
25. Book: Nina Luttinger. Gregory Dicum. The Coffee Book: Anatomy of an Industry from Crop to the Last Drop. 1999. New Press. 978-1-59558-724-4. Historic Timeline. https://books.google.com/books?id=jP99B9uAdv4C&pg=PT12. 2015-12-23. 2016-06-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20160603091220/https://books.google.com/books?id=jP99B9uAdv4C&pg=PT12. live.
26. Web site: Seattle Seahawks Team History | Pro Football Hall of Fame Official Site. profootballhof.com. 2019-12-15. 2019-12-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20191221204220/https://www.profootballhof.com/teams/seattle-seahawks/team-history/. live.
27. Book: Famous First Facts. 2000. H.W. Wilson Co.. Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell. 0824209583. Famous First Facts.
28. Web site: Mariners Timeline. Major League Baseball Advanced Media. June 30, 2014. March 4, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150304025312/http://seattle.mariners.mlb.com/sea/history/timeline1.jsp. dead.
29. Web site: NCGA Co-ops: Washington. National Cooperative Grocers Association. Iowa. 2013-11-02. 2013-11-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20131104102902/https://www.ncga.coop/member-stores. live.
30. Web site: About. Seattle. P-Patch Trust. October 21, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120718155852/http://www.ppatchtrust.org/about/. July 18, 2012.
31. Web site: Seattle Music Scene Timeline. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Cleveland, Ohio. June 30, 2014. September 12, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140912071230/http://rockhall.com/story-of-rock/timelines/seattle/basic/. live.
32. Web site: Members of Congress. GovTrack. Civic Impulse, LLC. Washington, D.C.. April 2, 2014. April 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170411222055/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members. live.
33. Web site: Seattle Film History Timeline. City of Seattle. Office of Film + Music. June 30, 2014. June 25, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140625011123/http://www4.seattle.gov/filmoffice/film_history.htm. live.
34. Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/19961218230458/http://www.ci.seattle.wa.us/. Seattle Public Access Network. 1996-12-18. dead. Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
35. Web site: 1997–98 Annual Report. Seattle Channel. City of Seattle. May 4, 2014. April 8, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140408181044/http://www.seattlechannel.org/aboutus/annual.htm. live.
36. News: Rocket's nose dive stuns music magazine's staffers. Pam Sitt. The Seattle Times. October 2000. 2014-09-12. 2014-09-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20140912075355/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20001020&slug=4048795. live.
37. Web site: Seattle, Washington. Directory of Religious Centers. Pluralism Project. Harvard University. Cambridge, Massachusetts. October 21, 2013. October 23, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062403/http://www.pluralism.org/directory/index/country:US/state:WA/city:seattle. live.
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