Timeline of Oslo explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Oslo, Norway.

Prior to 1537

• 1000 - St. Clement's Church built (approximate date).^[1]
• 1050
  • Oslo founded by Harald Hardrada (approximate date),^[2] according to Snorre's saga.
  • Mariakirken built (approximate date).
• 1070 - Catholic diocese of Oslo established (approximate date).^[3]
• 1080 (approximate) Old Aker Church erected (still existing)
• 1153 - Oslo Cathedral School established.
• 1240 - Battle in Oslo 1240
• 1290s - Akershus Fortress construction begins (approximate date).
• 1299 - Norwegian capital relocated to Oslo from Bergen.^[4]
• 1308 - Akershus fortress withstands attack by Eric, Duke of Södermanland
• 1314 - Haakon V of Norway declared that the provost of St Mary's church should be chancellor of Norway for ever (was abolished in 1679).
• 1349 - Black Death plague.
• 1352 - St. Hallvard's Cathedral and the other Sogne Churches are burned to the ground in a major fire.

After 1537

• 1537 - Reformation, Norway became a client kingdom under the Danish crown, most of the government administration moved to Copenhagen
• 1567 - city destroyed during Nordic Seven Years' War
• 1624 - ; settlement relocated to newly founded "Christiania,"^[5] "Oslo" remained the name of a village outside the city
• 1639 - built.^[6]
• 1641 - (town hall) built.
• 1643 - Printing press in operation.^[7]
• 1654 - Vaterland Bridge built.
• 1686 - Fire ruins ¼ of the city.
• 1697 - Domkirken (church) built.
• 1716 - City occupied by forces of Charles XII of Sweden.
• 1769 - first census held and recorded 7469 inhabitants

needed|date=September 2015}}

• 1771 - The first public theatre is inaugurated.
• 1780 - Deichman Library founded.
  • The Det Dramatiske Selskab is founded.

19th century

• 1811 - Royal Frederick University and Selskabet for Oslo Byes Vel (civic group) founded.
• 1814
  • Christiania became capital in the new state of Norway
  • University Botanical Garden (Oslo) established.
• 1815 Supreme Court of Norway established
• 1819
  • Morgenbladet (newspaper) begins publication.
  • Oslo Exchange established.
  • (park) opens.
• 1827 - Nybrua (bridge) built.
  • The Strömberg Theatre is inaugurated.
• 1829
  • May: Battle of the Square.
  • J.W. Cappelens Forlag (publisher) in business.
• 1836 - National Gallery built.
• 1837
  • Christiania Theatre built.
  • Andreas Tofte becomes mayor.
• 1838 - Christiania becomes a municipality.
• 1841 - Akers Mekaniske Verksted in business.
• 1844 - Toftes Gave (orphanage) established.
• 1848 - Christiania Bank established.
• 1849 - Royal Palace inaugurated.
• 1851
  • "Cellular prison" begins operating.^[8]
  • Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
• 1852
  • Christiania Norwegian Theatre opens.^[9]
  • Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
• 1854 - Eidsvoll-Christiania railroad, the "Main Line", begins operating.
• 1855 - Population: 31,715
• 1857 - Den norske Creditbank headquartered in city.^[10]
• 1858 - 14 April: 1858 Christiania fire.
• 1860 - Norwegian: [[Aftenposten]] newspaper begins publication.^[11]
• 1863 - Murder of Knut Grøte occurs.
• 1866
  • District Court established.
  • Storting building (for parliament) constructed.
• 1868 - Norwegian Trekking Association headquartered in city.^[12]
• 1869 - Oslo host a nordic student meeting.
• 1872
  • Railway Drammen Line begins operating.
  • West Station built.
  • (bookshop) in business.
• 1875
  • Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
  • Commerce School established.
• 1876 - founded.^[13]
• 1878 - City expanded. Frogner, Majorstuen, Torshov, Kampen and Vålerenga are populated and rebuilt.
• 1879 -Husebyrennet ski race held first time
• 1881 - May: Wergeland monument unveiled in Eidsvolls plass.
• 1885
  • 26 February: 1885 speed skating race at Frognerkilen takes place.
  • founded.
• 1892 - Holmenkollbakken (ski jump) built, Husebyrennet became Holmenkollen Ski Festival.
• 1894 - Electric tram begins operating.
• 1897 - Centralteatret opens.
• 1898 - Tram Holmenkollen Line begins operating.
• 1899 - Nationaltheateret (theatre) built.
• 1900 - Postage meter (machine) introduced.^[14]

20th century

• 1901 - Nobel Peace Prize ceremony begins.
• 1904 - Norwegian Nobel Institute established.
• 1905 - Haakon VII became first king of independent Norway
• 1907 - Norwegian School of Theology established.
• 1908 - established.
• 1910 - Population: 241,834.^[15]
• 1912 - Kjeller Airport begins operating.
• 1913 - Det Norske Teatret opened
• 1914 - 1914 Jubilee Exhibition held.
• 1916 - City Parks Department established.
• 1920 - Synagogue built.
• 1925 - City renamed "Oslo," the "Oslo" suburb renamed "Old Town" (Gamlebyen)
• 1926 - Ankerbrua (bridge) rebuilt.
• 1928
  • Underground Oslo Metro begins operating.
  • (bridge) built.
• 1929
  • Det Nye Teater opens.^[16]
  • Eldorado Cinema (Oslo) in business.^[17]
• 1932 - Oslo breakfast introduced in schools.
• 1934
  • Railway Sognsvann Line begins operating.
  • (cinema) opens.
• 1940 - 9 April: German occupation begins, King and cabinet escaped
• 1941
  • September: Milk strike occurs.
  • Bredtvet concentration camp in operation.
• 1942
  • 25 September: Oslo Mosquito raid by British forces.
  • 26 November: Norwegian Jews deported to Auschwitz from Oslo harbour
• 1943 - 19 December: 1943 Filipstad explosion.
• 1944 - (sculpture) unveiled in Frogner Park.
• 1945
  • 8 May German capitulation
  • 7 June King Haakon returned to Oslo and Allied occupation ended
• 1946
  • Armed Forces Museum (Norway) established.
  • Population: 417,238.
• 1948 - Aker becomes part of city.
• 1950 - Oslo City Hall completed after 19 years construction.
• 1952 - February: 1952 Winter Olympics held in Oslo.
• 1954 - (ski race) begins.
• 1959
  • Peace Research Institute Oslo founded.^[18]
  • built.
• 1963
  • Club 7 active.
  • Munch Museum opens.
• 1972 - built.
• 1973 - Oslo Airport location controversy.
• 1977 - Oslo Concert Hall opens.
• 1980
  • Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies established.
  • Oslo Central Station, Nationaltheatret Station, and Oslo Tunnel open.
• 1982 - Blitz (movement) begins.
• 1990
  • Oslo Spektrum (arena) opens.
  • Festningstunnelen opened
• 1992
  • (city archives) established.^[19]
  • Ann-Marit Sæbønes becomes mayor.
• 1993
  • Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations ("Oslo Accords") take place in Oslo.
  • Islamic Council Norway headquartered in city.^[20]
• 1994
  • Oslo Courthouse built.
  • Stenersen Museum opens.
• 1995
  • (bridge) built.
  • Per Ditlev-Simonsen becomes mayor.
• 1998
  • Rikshospitalet (hospital) opens.
  • Railway Gardermoen Line begins operating.
• 2000 - City celebrates thousand-year jubilee.

21st century

• 2001 - January: Demonstration following Hermansen murder.
• 2002
  • June: World Bank Oslo 2002 Protests.
  • Population: 516,467 city;^[21] 783,829 metro.
• 2003
  • Oslo Bysykkel (bikeshare) begins operating.^[22]
• 2004
  • 22 August: Robbery takes place at the Munch Museum.
  • (mosque) established.
• 2006 - Central Jamaat-e Ahl-e Sunnat (mosque) opens.^[23]
• 2007 - Fabian Stang becomes mayor.
• 2008 - Oslo Opera House opens.
• 2009 - Stian Berger Røsland becomes governing mayor.
• 2011
  • FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011
  • 22 July: 2011 Norway attacks, consisting of a bombing in Regjeringskvartalet, and a massacre on the nearby Utøya island, causing 77 deaths combined (67 from the massacre, 7 from the bombing, and 2 indirectly).
  • (bridge) and built.
• 2012 - 16 April: Breivik trial begins.
• 2014
  • March: Bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics submitted.
  • Future Library project organized.
  • Population: 647,676 city; 942,084 metro.
• 2015
  • September: held.
  • 22 July Information Center opens.
• 2018
  • December: The city's urban area passed one million people for the first time.
• 2022
  • June: A terrorist mass shooting occurs in Oslo, killing two and injuring 21.

See also

• Oslo history with brief timeline of major events
• Timeline of transport in Oslo
• Other names of Oslo
• Timelines of other cities in Norway: Bergen
• List of years in Norway

References

This article incorporates information from the Norwegian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 19th century

• Book: William Blackwood . 1830 . Edinburgh . Edinburgh Encyclopædia . Edinburgh Encyclopædia . David Brewster . Christiania . https://archive.org/stream/edinburghencyclo06edinuoft#page/354/mode/2up .
  • • Book: William Henry Overall. William Henry Overall. Dictionary of Chronology. 1870. William Tegg . London . Christiania . 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=162. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=162 . HathiTrust .
• Book: Traveler's Guide in Sweden and the Most Interesting Places in Norway . Stockholm . 1871 . . Description of Christiania . https://books.google.com/books?id=GYU2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA211 .
• Book: Norway: illustrated handbook for travellers . Chr. Tønsberg . Christiania . 1875 . Christiania . 2027/nyp.33433081580908?urlappend=%3Bseq=80 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081580908?urlappend=%3Bseq=80 .
  • • • Hunger. Knut Hamsun (1890). The ultimate book set in Oslo, "this wondrous city that no one leaves before it has made its marks upon him".
• Book: Christiania and its environs: illustrated hand-book for travellers . 1894 . Christiania . Yngvar Nielsen . Yngvar Nielsen .

Published in the 20th century

• Book: Christiania . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822038219101?urlappend=%3Bseq=72 . Bennett's Handbook for Travellers in Norway . Cover title:Bennett's Norway . Christiana . T. Bennett & Sons . 1902 . 2027/uc1.31822038219101?urlappend=%3Bseq=72 .
• Book: Bradshaw's Through Routes to the Capitals of the World, and Overland Guide to India, Persia, and the Far East . Bradshaw's Guide . Henry Blacklock . London . 1903 . Christiania . https://books.google.com/books?id=W1YoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA22 .
• Christiania . 6 . 279 . 1910 . . 1.
  • • The Big Foxhunt. Ingvar Ambjørnsen (1983). Set in the late 1970s, telling the story of a young hash dealer.
• Beatles. Lars Saabye Christensen (1984). About growing up in the 1960s.
• Shyness and Dignity. Dag Solstad (1994).

Published in the 21st century

• Book: Mark Luccarelli . Per Gunnar Røe . Green Oslo: Visions, Planning and Discourse. 2012 . Ashgate . 978-1-4094-7351-0. .

External links

• Map of Oslo, 1981
• Europeana. Items related to Oslo, various dates
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Oslo, various dates.

Notes and References

1. http://norske-kirkebygg.origo.no/-/bulletin/show/438163_clemenskirken-oslo St. Clement's Church on Norske kirkebygg
2. Book: Knut Helle. Knut Helle. Cambridge History of Scandinavia . 1: Prehistory to 1520 . 2003. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-47299-9 . Urbanization . Hans Andersson . https://books.google.com/books?id=PFBtfXG6fXAC&pg=PA326 .
3. Web site: Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Norway . Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo . 30 September 2015 .
4. Book: Jan Sjåvik. Historical Dictionary of Norway. 2008. Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-6408-5 .
5. Book: Jan Sjåvik. Historical Dictionary of Norway. 2008. . 978-0-8108-6408-5 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=Bf6xAAAAQBAJ&pg=PR17 .
6. Book: Andrew Spicer . Lutheran Churches in Early Modern Europe. 2012. Ashgate . 978-0-7546-6583-0 . State church and church state: churches and their interiors in post-Reformation Norway, 1537-1705 . Øystein Ekroll .

   no:Øystein Ekroll

   . https://books.google.com/books?id=GyErqszUsFYC&pg=PA277 .
7. Book: Henri Bouchot. Henri Bouchot. H. Grevel . London . The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. 1890. H. Grevel & Co. . https://books.google.com/books?id=5ycxAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA367 . Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established .
8. Book: Mitchel P. Roth . Prisons and Prison Systems: A Global Encyclopedia. 2006. Greenwood . 978-0-313-32856-5 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=RTH31DgbTzgC&pg=PR31 .
9. Book: Martin Banham . Cambridge Guide to Theatre . 1995 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-43437-9 . Norway . https://books.google.com/books?id=8qMTPAPFGXUC&pg=PA800 . 799+ . registration .
10. Book: International Banking Directory. https://books.google.com/books?id=NdEoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA476 . 1920. Bankers Publishing Company . Norway .
11. Book: Europa World Year Book . 2004. . 978-1-85743-255-8 . Norway . https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C&pg=PA3230 .
12. Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907 . A.J. Mackintosh . . UK . 1907 . 177 . 2027/njp.32101076197365?urlappend=%3Bseq=694 .
13. Book: Norges Statskalender ... 1908 . N.R. Bull . Kristiania . Aschehoug & Co. . 1907 . no .
14. Book: Patrick Robertson. Robertson's Book of Firsts . 2011. Bloomsbury . 978-1-60819-738-5.
15. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Norway . 2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=1184 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=1184 .
16. Book: World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe . Don Rubin . 1994 . Routledge . 9780415251570 . Norway . 616+ . https://books.google.com/books?id=1fDaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA616 . etal . registration .
17. Web site: Movie Theaters in Oslo . CinemaTreasures.org . Cinema Treasures LLC . Los Angeles . 30 September 2015 .
18. Web site: Organizations . . Switzerland . . 30 September 2015 .
19. Web site: Oslo byarkiv . . . no . 30 September 2015 .
20. Book: Jørgen S. Nielsen. Jørgen S. Nielsen. Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. 2013 . 5. Brill . 978-90-04-25586-9 . Norway . etal.
21. Web site: Population Statistics . . 30 September 2015 .
22. Web site: Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities . New York Bike Share Project . . 30 September 2015 .
23. Web site: Islam i Norge: Oslo . 30 September 2015 . Islam in Norway: Oslo . Islam.no . no . Den Islamske Informasjonsforeningen . Oslo .