Timeline of Leiden explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Leiden, Netherlands.

Prior to 20th century

• 11th C. - Burcht van Leiden (an old shell keep).
• 1323 - School active (approximate date).
• 1377 - Hooglandse Kerk (church) construction begins.
• 1390
  • Public clock installed (approximate date).^[1]
  • Pieterskerk (church) construction begins.
• 1420 - Leiden#Siege of 1420 Siege of 1420.
• 1483 - Printing press in operation.^[2]
• 1520 - Roman ruin Brittenburg discovered near Leiden.
• 1566 - August: Iconoclasm by Protestants.
• 1572 - Protestant sermonizing begins at the Vrouwekerk.
• 1573 - Siege of Leiden by Spanish forces begins.
• 1574 - 3 October: Siege of Leiden ends.^[3]
• 1575
  • Leiden University founded.^[4]
  • Leiden University Library founded.
• 1577 - Flemish textile manufacturers move to Leiden.
• 1578 - Gemeenlandshuis van Rijnland (water management building) purchased.
• 1580s - "Immigration of Flemings, Walloons, and Brabanters" to Leiden.
• 1580 - Printer Elsevier in business.^[5]
• 1581 - in use.
• 1587 - Hortus Botanicus Leiden (garden) founded.^[6]
• 1594
  • Leiden anatomical theatre established.
  • Turkish tulips planted in the Hortus Botanicus.
• 1598 - built.
• 1600 - built.
• 1606 - 15 July: Birth of Rembrandt van Rijn.
• 1612 - Stads Timmerhuis built.
• 1622 - Population: 44,745.
• 1630s - Fijnschilders (artists) active.^[7]
• 1633 - Leiden Observatory established.
• 1639 - Marekerk (a Protestant church) founded.
• 1640 - Population: 100,000. (estimate)
• 1641 - Laecken-Halle (cloth hall) built.^[8]
• 1648 - Leiden Guild of Saint Luke established.^[9]
• 1655 - Bibliotheca Thysiana (library) established.
• 1658 - Weigh House built.
• 1683 - bookseller in business.
• 1723 - established.^[10]
• 1745 - Electricity-storing "Leyden jar" invented.
• 1766 - Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde and Kunst Wordt door Arbeid Verkreegen literary societies formed.^[11]
• 1800 - Population: 30,000. (estimate)
• 1807 - 12 January: Leiden Gunpowder Disaster.
• 1818 - National Museum of Antiquities established.
• 1820 - National Museum of Natural History founded.
• 1837 - National Museum of Ethnology founded.
• 1838 - Stedelijk Gymnasium Leiden (school) active.
• 1842 - Leiden Centraal railway station opened.
• 1848 - E. J. Brill publisher in business.^[12]
• 1851 - Sijthoff publisher in business.
• 1860 - Leiden Observatory re-built in the Hortus Botanicus Leiden.
• 1864 - Training college for Dutch East Indies civil servants established (later the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies).
• 1873 - Remonstrant seminary active.
• 1874 - Municipal Museum of Antiquities established.
• 1893 - (city archive) building constructed.

20th century

• 1904
  • begins publication.
  • Population: 56,044.
• 1919 - Population: 61,408.^[13]
• 1923 - (bridge) built.^[14]
• 1925 - St. Joseph, Leiden (Roman Catholic parish church) built.
• 1928 - University Hospital built.
• 1931
  • Leidse Hout (public urban park) opened.
  • Museum Boerhaave established.
• 1940 - Town Hall rebuilt.
• 1946 - becomes mayor.
• 1978 - 1978 Tour de France cycling race starts from Leiden.
• 1980
  • becomes mayor.
  • Population: 103,046 municipality.
• 1984 - Leiden Bio Science Park development begins.^[15]

21st century

• 2003 - becomes mayor.
• 2006 - Leiden University Medical Center built.
• 2012 - built.
• 2013
  • Welch Allyn branch office in business.
  • Population: 119,800 municipality.^[16]
• 2017 - Asian Library opened by Queen Máxima of the Netherlands.

See also

• Leiden history
  • • • Timelines of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, Haarlem, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Utrecht

References

This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Published in the 18th-19th c.

• • • Book: Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium . Paris . . 1822 . 4th . Leyden . 2027/njp.32101073846667?urlappend=%3Bseq=135 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101073846667?urlappend=%3Bseq=135 .
• Book: William Henry Overall. William Henry Overall. Dictionary of Chronology. 1870. William Tegg . London . Leyden . 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=497. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=497 .
• Book: B.B. Woodward. Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward. William L.R. Cates. William Leist Readwin Cates. Encyclopaedia of Chronology . 1872. Longmans, Green and Co. . London . Leyden . https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeI0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA854 .
  • (+ 1851 ed.)

Published in the 20th-21st c.

• Book: Chambers's Encyclopaedia . Chambers's Encyclopaedia . London . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7zk5ms79?urlappend=%3Bseq=616 . Leyden . 1901 . 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t7zk5ms79?urlappend=%3Bseq=616 .
• (+ 1881 ed.)
• Leiden . 16 . 395 . 1910 . . 1.
  • The Vroedschap of Leiden 1550-1600: The Impact of Tradition and Change on the Governing Elite of a Dutch City . Sterling A. Lament . . 12 . 1981 . 2 . 15–42 . 10.2307/2539499 . 2539499 . .
• Book: Willem Otterspeer . Leiden Oriental Connections: 1850-1940 . 1989. Brill . 90-04-09022-3 . Leiden and empire: University and Colonial Office 1825-1925 . C. Fasseur . 187–203 . https://books.google.com/books?id=dUv3dF7aDycC&pg=PA187 . .
• Book: Christine Kooi . Liberty and Relligion: Church and State in Leiden's Reformation, 1572-1620 . 2000. Brill . 90-04-11643-5 . Leiden in the Late 16th Century . https://books.google.com/books?id=sWo9k8C8DiwC&pg=PA19 . .

in Dutch

• Book: Geschiedenis eener Hollandsche stad . P.J. Blok . P.J. Blok . nl . Hague . M. Nijhoff . 1910-1918
• (province and city)

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Leiden, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Leiden, various dates

Notes and References

1. Book: Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum .

   de:Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum

   . History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders . 1996. University of Chicago Press. 978-0-226-15510-4 .
2. Book: Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum . Robert Proctor . Robert Proctor (bibliographer) . London . Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company . 1898 . Books Printed From Types: Holland: Leiden . 2027/uc1.c3450632?urlappend=%3Bseq=142 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.c3450632?urlappend=%3Bseq=142 . HathiTrust .
3. Web site: Timeline Dutch History . . 30 October 2015 . 15 July 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150715171620/https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/explore-the-collection/timeline-dutch-history .
4. Book: Joop W. Koopmans. Arend H. Huussen Jr.. Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands. 2007 . 2nd . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-6444-3 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=RZmk_G1JXbMC&pg=PR21 .
5. Book: Joop W. Koopmans. Arend H. Huussen Jr.. Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands. 2007 . 2nd . Scarecrow Press . 978-0-8108-6444-3 .
6. Web site: Garden Search: Netherlands . . London . 30 October 2015 .
7. Web site: Low Countries, 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events . Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History . . New York . 30 October 2015 .
8. Web site: Leiden Cloth . Museum De Lakenhal . Leiden . 30 October 2015 .
9. Book: S. R. Epstein . Maarten Prak . Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400–1800 . 2008. Cambridge University Press. 978-1-139-47107-7 . Painters, guilds and the art market during the Dutch Golden Age . Maarten Prak .
10. Web site: Leiden . Four hundred years of Dutch Jewry . . Amsterdam . 30 October 2015 .
11. Web site: Chronology of Scholarly Societies . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115228/http://www.scholarly-societies.org/chronology_soc.html . 4 March 2016 . Jim Parrott . Scholarly Societies Project . . Canada .
12. Book: Cornelis Dirk Andriesse. Cornelis Dirk Andriesse. Dutch Messengers: A History of Science Publishing, 1930-1980. 2008. Brill. 978-90-474-2415-4.
13. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Netherlands . 2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=1150 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=1150 . HathiTrust .
14. Web site: Bruggen database: Zuid-Holland: Leiden . Database of Bridges . Nederlandse Bruggenstichting . . nl . 30 October 2015 . 7 September 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170907170340/http://bruggenstichting.nl/index.php/informatief/bruggen-database .
15. Book: Marina Van Geenhuizen . Peter Nijkamp . Peter Nijkamp . Creative Knowledge Cities: Myths, Visions and Realities. 2012. . 978-0-85793-285-3.
16. Web site: 2014 . Population dynamics; birth, death and migration per region: Municipality Leiden . StatLine . .