Timeline of Hanover explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hanover, Germany.

Prior to 19th century

• 1333 - Kreuzkirche (church) consecrated.
• 1347 - Aegidienkirche (church) built.
• 1366 - Marktkirche (church) built.
• 1369 - Welfs in power.
• 1382 - built near city.
• 1400 - Public clock installed (approximate date).^[1]
• 1410 - Town Hall building expanded (approximate date).^(de)
• 1440 - (library) founded.
• 1529 - Hanover Schützenfest established.
• 1550 - (cemetery) established.
• 1670 - Neustädter Kirche (church) built.
• 1676 - Herrenhausen Palace expansion begins.
• 1689
  • Population: 11,373.
  • opens with premiere of Steffani's opera Henrico Leone.^[2]
• 1698 - in use.

• 1720 - active.^[3] https://archive.org/details/diehandschrifte00landgoog
• 1726 - laid out.
• 1755 - Population: 17,432.
• 1797 - founded.^[4]
• 1798 - (city directory) begins publication.

19th century

• 1810 - Hanover becomes part of the Kingdom of Westphalia.
• 1815 - City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Hanover.
• 1821 - Population: 33,255.
• 1824 - becomes part of city.
• 1826 - Gas lighting installed.
• 1832 - (art society) formed.
• 1835 - (historical society) founded.
• 1838 - (military barracks) built.
• 1844 - Hanover–Braunschweig Railway in operation.
• 1847
  • Bremen–Hanover railway begins operating.
  • Development of area begins.
• 1851 - Thalia Society founded.
• 1852
  • Royal Theatre built.
  • newspaper in publication.
• 1853 - Hanoverian Southern Railway begins operating.
• 1854 - newspaper begins publication.
• 1856 - built.
• 1861 - Population: 71,170.^[5]
• 1864
  • Hanover–Hamburg railway in operation.
  • and (cemeteries) established.
• 1865 - Hanover Zoo established.^[6]
• 1866
  • Hanover becomes part of Prussia.
  • active.https://books.google.com/books?id=NGhAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA360
  • Welfenschloss (palace) built.
  • X Army Corps headquartered in Hanover.
  • established.
• 1870 - built.
• 1871 - Continental rubber manufacturer in business.
• 1872
  • Horse-drawn tram begins operating.^(de)
  • built.
• 1879 - Hannover Hauptbahnhof rebuilt.
• 1885 - Population: 139,731.^[7]
• 1886 - built.
• 1888 - Photographischer Verein founded.^[8]
• 1889
  • opens.
  • Kestner Museum established.
• 1891 -, Herrenhausen,, and become part of city.
• 1893
  • Electric tram begins operating.^(de)
  • newspaper begins publication.
• 1895 - and built.
• 1896
  • Hannover 96 football club formed.
  • installed.
• 1897 - Music Conservatory established.
• 1898 - Hannoversche Waggonfabrik (manufacturer) in business.

20th century

1900-1945

• 1902 - Provincial museum built.
• 1903 - opens.
• 1904 - Bismarck Tower erected.
• 1907 -,, Klein-Buchholz,,, Mecklenheide, Stöcken, and become part of city.
• 1908 - Anti-noise society formed.^[9]
• 1911 - (theatre) opens.
• 1913 - New City Hall built in the .
• 1914
  • Stadthalle built.^(de)
  • opens.
• 1916
  • Kestnergesellschaft (modern art society) formed.
  • (fountain) installed in the Neustädter Markt.
• 1918
  • November: German Revolution of 1918–19.
  • becomes mayor.
• 1919
  • Deutsche Luft-Reederei begins operating its Berlin-Hannover airplane route.^[10]
  • Population: 310,431.^[11]
• 1920
  • Linden becomes part of city.
  • established.
• 1921
  • Nazi Party branch established.
  • Überlandwerke und Straßenbahnen Hannover AG (public transit entity) active.
  • in use.
• 1923
  • German Völkisch Freedom Party branch established.
  • Nazi weekly newspaper begins publication.
• 1924 - becomes mayor.
• 1925
  • Arthur Menge becomes mayor.
  • Population: 422,745.
• 1927 - Botanischer Schulgarten Burg (garden) established.^[12]
• 1936 - Maschsee (lake) created.
• 1937 - becomes mayor.
• 1938 - November: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.
• 1939
  • September: Bombing of Hanover in World War II by Allied forces begins.
  • Population: 472,527.
• 1942 - becomes Staatskommissare.^(de)
• 1944
  • 24 June: begins operating.^[13]
  • 26 June: Hanover-Misburg subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp established. The prisoners were mostly Polish women.^[14]
  • 1 September: Hanover-Limmer concentration camp redesignated a subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp.^[13]
  • September: begins operating.
  • Late September or early October: Hanover-Langenhagen subcamp of Neuengamme established. The prisoners were mostly Polish women.^[15]
  • November: established.
  • becomes Staatskommissare.^(de)

• 1945
  • January: Hanover-Langenhagen subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved, surviving prisoners relocated to the Hanover-Limmer camp.^[15]
  • February: begins operating.
  • 6 April: Hanover-Limmer and Hanover-Misburg subcamps of Neuengamme dissolved, surviving prisoners sent on a death march.^{[14] [13]}
  • 10 April: Allied forces arrive.
  • April–May: Mayor, Regierungspräsident, and Oberpräsident (local government officials) appointed.

1946-1990s

• 1946 - February: Flood.^(de)
• 1947
  • 1 April: Food protest.^[16]
  • Hannover Messe (trade fair) begins.
• 1949
  • Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) in publication.
  • built.
• 1950s - Hannover War Cemetery established.
• 1951 - built.
• 1952
  • (theatre) established.
  • built.
• 1954
  • Niedersachsenstadion (stadium) opens.
  • Mannesmann Tower erected.
  • begins.
  • rebuilt.
• 1965 - begins.
• 1965 - Population: 555,228.
• 1969 - built.
• 1970 - Norddeutsche Landesbank headquartered in city.
• 1972 - becomes mayor.
• 1974 - Ahelm, Anderten, Bemerode, Misburg, Vinnhorst, Wettbergen, and become part of city.
• 1975
  • Hanover Stadtbahn begins operating.
  • Eilenriedehalle built in the .
• 1979 - Sprengel Museum opens.
• 1987 - founded.
• 1991 - Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway built.
• 1992 - moves to Bokemahle in .^[17]
• 2000
  • June: Expo 2000 opens.
  • Hanover S-Bahn commuter rail begins operating.

21st century

• 2001 - Gehry Tower built.
• 2002 - built.
• 2005 - Regional established, including its .^[18]
• 2006 - Stephan Weil becomes mayor.
• 2008
  • urban planning process begins.^[19]
  • Baitus Sami Mosque built.
• 2013 - Stefan Schostok becomes mayor.
• 2014 - Population: 523,642.

See also

• Hanover history
  • History of Hanover (region)
• History of the Jews in Hannover
• List of mayors of Hanover

Other cities in the state of Lower Saxony:^(de)

• Timeline of Braunschweig

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• • • Book: Handbook for North Germany. J. Murray. London. 1886. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hn1imr?urlappend=%3Bseq=192. Hanover. 2027/hvd.hn1imr?urlappend=%3Bseq=192.
• Book: Chambers's Encyclopaedia. Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1fj2r624?urlappend=%3Bseq=563. Hanover. 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1fj2r624?urlappend=%3Bseq=563. .
• + 1873 ed.
• Hanover (city) . 12 . 926 - 927 . 1910 . . 1.
• Book: Robert E Dickinson. West European City: a Geographical Interpretation. 1951. Routledge . 978-1-136-25970-8. Structure of the German City: Hanover. https://books.google.com/books?id=OXH6AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA97.

in German

published in the 19th century

• Book: Geschichte der Stadt Hannover. Hoppe. 1845. de.
• Book: Friedrich Wilhelm Andreae. Chronik der residenzstadt Hannover. 1859. Finckesche Buchhandlung. Hildesheim . de.
• Book: Adressbuch, Stadt- und Geschäfts-Handbuch der königlichen Residenzstadt Hannover. 1872. de. HathiTrust. + 1884 ed.
• Book: . Vereins für die Geschichte der Stadt Hannover. 1898. de. ongoing
• Book: Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon. Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Leipzig. Brockhaus. 1896. 14th. de. 8. Hannover (Stadt). 2027/njp.32101064064585?urlappend=%3Bseq=881. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101064064585?urlappend=%3Bseq=881.
• Book: Georg Fischer.

  de:Georg Fischer (GP)

  . Opern und Concerte im Hoftheater zu Hannover bis 1866. 1899. Hahn. Hanover. de. .

published in the 20th century

• Book: Hannoversche chronik. Otto Jürgens. Veröffentlichung zur niedersächsischen geschichte,6.

  de:Otto Jürgens

  . Geibel. Hanover. 1907. de. (chronology)
• Book: Verwaltungsbericht des Magistrats der Koniglichen Haupt- und Residenzstadt Hannover, 1906-07. Management report of the magistrate of the royal residence and capital city of Hanover. 1908. Aug. Eberlein & Co. . Hanover . de. .
• Book: P. Krauss . E. Uetrecht. Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas . Meyer's Atlas of German Cities. 1913. Bibliographisches Institut. Leipzig. de. Hannover.
• Book: Hannover und Hildesheim. Griebens Reiseführer. 151. Berlin. Albert Goldschmidt. 1914. 2nd. de. HathiTrust.
• Book: Adelheid von Saldern. Stadt und Moderne: Hannover in der Weimarer Republik. 1989. de. Ergebnisse. 978-3-925622-51-9.
• Book: Klaus Mlynek. Klaus Mlynek. Waldemar R. Röhrbein. Waldemar R. Röhrbein. Hannover Chronik. 1991. . 978-3-87706-319-4. de. . (chronology)
• Book: Klaus Mlynek . Waldemar R. Röhrbein . Geschichte der Stadt Hannover. 1994. Schlütersche. 978-3-87706-364-4. de.
• Book: Friedrich Lindau. Friedrich Lindau. Hannover: Wiederaufbau und Zerstörung; die Stadt im Umgang mit ihrer bauhistorischen Identität. 2000. 2nd . Schlütersche. 978-3-87706-659-1. de. .

published in the 21st century

• Book: . 2002. de.
• Book: . 2007. 4th. de.
• ^(de)

External links

• Web site: Stadtgeschichte . Hannover.de . Landeshauptstadt Hannover . de .

Notes and References

1. Book: Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum .

   de:Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum

   . History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders . 1996. University of Chicago Press. 978-0-226-15510-4 .
2. Web site: Nds. Staatstheater Hannover GmbH (NSH) . 8 June 2019 . NLA Hannover . . de .
3. Web site: Über uns: Geschichte . de . Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Bibliothek . 30 November 2015 .
4. Web site: Chronology of Scholarly Societies . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115228/http://www.scholarly-societies.org/chronology_soc.html . dead . 4 March 2016 . Jim Parrott . Scholarly Societies Project . . Canada .
5. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . Statesman's Year-Book . 1869 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany: States of North Germany: Prussia . 2027/nyp.33433081590337?urlappend=%3Bseq=156 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081590337?urlappend=%3Bseq=156 .
6. Book: Vernon N. Kisling. Zoo and Aquarium History. 2000. . USA . 978-1-4200-3924-5 . Zoological Gardens of Germany (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=dxTrR5nOE0UC&pg=PA372 .
7. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1890 . London . Macmillan and Co.. German Empire . 2027/nyp.33433081590527?urlappend=%3Bseq=557 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081590527?urlappend=%3Bseq=557 .
8. Book: Königliche Museen zu Berlin . Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland . 6th . de . 1904. Georg Reimer.
9. Book: Florence Feiereisen . Alexandra Merley Hill . Germany in the Loud Twentieth Century. 2011. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-987722-5.
10. Book: Patrick Robertson. Robertson's Book of Firsts . 2011. Bloomsbury . 978-1-60819-738-5.
11. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany . 2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=972 . http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=972 .
12. Web site: Garden Search: Germany . . London . 30 November 2015 .
13. Web site: Hannover-Limmer. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 11 December 2023.
14. Web site: Hannover-Misburg. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 11 December 2023.
15. Web site: Hannover-Langenhagen. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 11 December 2023.
16. Chronology of International Events and Documents . 3 . 1947 . March 24-April 6, 1947 . . London . 40545021 .
17. Web site: Stadtarchiv: Archivgeschichte . de . Hannover.de . 30 November 2015 .
18. Web site: Niedersächsische Landesarchiv: Geschichte des Landesarchivs . de . Niedersachsen.de . 30 November 2015 .
19. Web site: Hannover City 2020 + . de . Hannover.de . Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Landeshauptstadt Hannover . 30 November 2015 .