Timeline of Dresden explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Dresden, Saxony, Germany.

Prior to 18th century

• 1206 – First documentation of Dražďany.
• 1215 – Nikolaikirche founded.
• 1272 – Franziskanerkloster founded.
• 1309 – City seal incorporates coat of arms of Dresden.
• 1350 – first documentation of Altendresden (today Innere Neustadt) at the northern side of the Elbe.
• 1351 – Sophienkirche built.
• 1388 – Kreuzkirche consecrated.
• 1400 – Busmannkapelle built.
• 1409 – Armory established.
• 1434 – Striezelmarkt occurring.
• 1524 - Printing press in operation.^[1]
• 1530 – City expands.
• 1548 – Orchestra founded.
• 1563 – built.
• 1589 – Johanneum built.
• 1666 – Premiere of Schütz's St Matthew Passion.
• 1667 – Opera house opens.^[2]
• 1678 - "Elector of Saxony's Players" dramatic troupe^(de) headquartered in Dresden (approximate date).^[3]
• 1695 – Parade of Frederick Augustus I.^{[4] [5]}
• 1697 – Population: 40,000 (approximate).
• 1700 – Von Tschirnhaus glassworks set up.^[6]

18th century

• 1704 - Palais Flemming-Sulkowski built.
• 1708 – Porcelain developed by Johann Friedrich Böttger.
• 1710 – Meissen porcelain manufactory begins operating near city.
• 1717 – Japanisches Palais built.
• 1718 – Royal Palace rebuilt.
• 1719 – Wedding reception of Polish Prince Frederick Augustus and Maria Josepha of Austria.
• 1720 – Catholic Cemetery opens by decree of King Augustus II the Strong.^[7]
• 1722
  • Zwinger built.^[8]
  • Picture Gallery founded.
• 1723
  • Grünes Gewölbe founded.
  • Pillnitz Castle built.
• 1724 – Royal Cabinet of Mathematical and Physical Instruments established.
• 1726 – Übigau Palace completed.
• 1729 – Wackerbarth-Palais built.
• 1733 – Villages of Gorbitz and Übigau (present-day districts) granted to Aleksander Józef Sułkowski by Augustus III of Poland.^[9]
• 1736 – Equestrian sculpture of Polish King August the Strong unveiled.
• 1743 – Frauenkirche built.
• 1745 - City "taken by the Russians."
• 1748 – Collegium Medico Chirurgicum established.
• 1755 – Population: 63,000 (approximate).
• 1756 – Catholic Church of the Royal Court built.
• 1759 - September: "Dresden liberated from Prussians."
• 1760 – July: Siege of Dresden.^[10]
• 1763 – Death and burial of King Augustus III of Poland at the Catholic Church of the Royal Court.
• 1764 – Dresden Art Academy founded.
• 1776 – Landhaus built.
• 1784 – Observatory established.
• 1788 – Saxon Library opens.
• 1793 – Tadeusz Kościuszko begins preparations for the Kościuszko Uprising in the city in response to the Second Partition of Poland.^[11]

19th century

• 1807 – Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw promulgated.
• 1809 – Austrians in power.
• 1813 – 26–27 August: Battle of Dresden.^[12]
• 1814 – Großer Garten opens to the public.
• 1818 – Ernst Arnold gallery established.
• 1823 – Jordan & Timaeus chocolate manufactury established.
• 1828 – Saxon Technical School founded.
• 1831 – Many Polish insurgents of the November Uprising fled from the Russian Partition of Poland to the city.^[13]
• 1833 – Isis Society (natural history) founded.
• 1835 – Polish composer Fryderyk Chopin met his future fiancée Maria Wodzinska in the city.^[14]
• 1838 - Dresden Coinage Convention held in city.^[15]
• 1839 – Leipzig–Dresden railway begins operating.
• 1843 - Jam factory begins operating.^[16]
• 1845 – Flood.
• 1841 – Opera house built.
• 1845 - 19 October: Premiere of Wagner's opera Tannhäuser.^[17]
• 1849 – May Uprising in Dresden.
• 1852
  • Marien Brucke (bridge) constructed.^[18]
  • Population: 100,000.
• 1854 – Semper Gallery and Schloss Albrechtsberg built.
• 1855 – September: Royal Gallery opens.^[19]
• 1856 – Dresden Conservatory established.
• 1858 - Population: 128,152.^[20]
• 1861 – Dresden Zoo opens.^[21]
• 1866 – Prussians in power.
• 1870 – Gewerbehausorchester founded.^[22]
• 1871 – Military facility built in Albertstadt.
• 1874 - Dresden English Football Club confirmed
• 1875 – Dresden Museum of Ethnology founded.
• 1876 – Fürstenzug created.
• 1878 – Opera house rebuilt.
• 1889
  • Albertinum built.
  • Dresden Botanical Garden created.
• 1891 – Dresden City Museum founded.
• 1893 – Blue Wonder bridge constructed.
• 1895 – Dresden Funicular Railway begins operating.
• 1897 – Dresden Central Station built.
• 1898
  • camera factory in operation.
  • Dresdner SC football club formed.

20th century

1900-1945

• 1901
  • Dresden-Neustadt station opens.
  • Schwebebahn Dresden begins operating.
• 1903
  • German City Exhibit held.^[23]
  • Simmel delivers The Metropolis and Mental Life lecture.^[24]
• 1904 – Ministry building constructed.
• 1905 - 9 December: Premiere of Strauss' opera Salome.
• 1910
  • (city library) formed.
  • Augustus Bridge constructed.
• 1911
  • Dresden Museums Association formed.
  • Premiere of Strauss' opera Der Rosenkavalier.
• 1912 – Ihagee camera company and German Hygiene Museum founded.
• 1914 – Saxon army museum established.
• 1919
  • Stadion am Ostragehege des Dresdner SC opens.
  • Population: 529,326.^[25]
• 1923 – Glücksgas Stadium built.
• 1932 – Polish-language church services cancelled.^[13]
• 1933 – Population: 649,252.
• 1935 – Dresden-Klotzsche Airport opens.

• 1939
  • September: Mass arrests of local Polish activists (see also Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).^[26]
  • Population: 625,174.
• 1940 – Hans Nieland becomes mayor.
• 1942
  • June: Subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp founded at the SS Engineer's Barracks.^[27]
  • 23–24 August: Twelve young Polish men, members of the Czarny Legion resistance organization, executed.^[28]
  • 24 August: Five Polish students of the Salesian oratory in Poznań, known as the "Poznań Five" (Poznańska Piątka), later beatified martyrs of World War II of the Catholic Church, executed.^[29]
• 1944
  • 15 September: Subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp founded at the Railway Repair Works. Its prisoners were mostly Poles and Russians.^[30]
  • 9 October: Two women subcamps of Flossenbürg founded at the Goehle-Werk and Universelle factories. Its prisoners were mostly Poles, Russians and Germans.^{[31] [32]}
  • 22 October: Dresden-Reick subcamp of Flossenbürg founded. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Russian and Jewish women.^[33]
  • 24 November: Dresden-Bernsdorf subcamp of Flossenbürg founded. Its prisoners were mostly Polish-Jewish men, women and children.^[34]
• 1945
  • 13–14 February: Aerial bombing by Allied forces.^[35]
  • 19 February: Subcamp of Flossenbürg at the Railway Repair Works dissolved. Prisoners deported to the main Flossenbürg camp.^[30]
  • 24 March: Dresden-Reichsbahn subcamp of Flossenbürg founded. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Jewish and Russian men.^[36]
  • April: Goehle-Werk, Bernsdorf, Reichsbahn, Universelle and SS Engineer's Barracks subcamps of Flossenbürg dissolved. Prisoners either deported or mostly sent on death marches to various other locations.^{[27] [31] [32] [34] [36]}
  • 22–27 April: Battle of Dresden
  • April: Reick subcamp of Flossenbürg dissolved. Prisoners sent on a death march to the Ore Mountains.^[33]
  • 8 May: Russians take city.

1946-1990s

• 1946
  • Sächsische Zeitung begins publication.
  • Population: 450,000.
• 1950
  • SG Deutsche Volkspolizei Dresden football club founded.
  • Botanical Garden restored.
  • Hellerau and Pillnitz incorporated into city.
• 1956 – Dresden Transport Museum opens.
• 1959 – Galerie Neue Meister formed.
• 1960 – Józef Ignacy Kraszewski Museum opens at his former house.
• 1961 – Dresden University of Technology formed.
• 1972 – opens.^[37]
• 1973 – Dresden S-Bahn established.
• 1983
  • Staatsschauspiel Dresden formed.
  • Population: 522,532.
• 1986 - Pinova apple created.^[38]
• 1989
  • protests stop the planned high-purity silicon factory^[39]
  • trains with East German embassy refugees from Prague pass Dresden main station with demonstrations and clashes with the police^[40]
  • Monday demonstrations
• 1990 - Dresdner Neueste Nachrichten begins publication.
• 1991
  • Bunte Republik Neustadt festival begins.
  • Fußballverein Dresden-Nord formed.
• 1992
  • Soviet forces withdrawn.
  • Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf established.
• 1996 – founded.
• 2000 - (city archives) relocated to Elisabeth-Boer-Strasse.

21st century

• 2002
  • Elbe Flood.^[41]
  • Volkswagen's Transparent Factory opens.
• 2004
  • Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory established.
  • Dresden Elbe Valley designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• 2005
  • Dresden Frauenkirche rebuilt.
  • Dresden City Art Gallery opens.
  • Neo-Nazi demonstration.
• 2006 – 800th anniversary of founding of Dresden.
• 2007
  • Freiberger Arena opens.
  • Waldschlösschen Bridge construction begins.
• 2008
  • Helma Orosz becomes mayor.^[42]
  • December: City hosts the 38th Chess Olympiad.
• 2009 - Dresden Elbe Valley's UNESCO World Heritage Site status is revoked.
• 2010 – Anti-fascist demonstration.
• 2011
  • Bundeswehr Military History Museum opens.
  • Population: 523,058.^[43]
• 2013
  • Elbe flood.
  • September: City co-hosts the 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship.
• 2014 - PEGIDA begin protesting^(de) against Islamism in the city, drawing crowds estimated up to 17,000 in peak^[44]
• 2015 - Dirk Hilbert becomes mayor.

See also

• • Economy of Dresden

Other cities in the state of Saxony:

• Timeline of Chemnitz
• Timeline of Leipzig

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• • Book: . 1830 . Edinburgh . Edinburgh Encyclopædia . . Dresden . https://archive.org/stream/edinburghencyclo08edinuoft#page/142/mode/1up . . Edinburgh Encyclopædia .
  • Book: . Dictionary of Chronology. 1870. William Tegg . London . Dresden, Saxony . . 2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
    • • • • • Book: Dresden . 1910 . . Berlin .
  • Friends of Nature: Urban Sociability and Regional Natural History in Dresden, 1800–1850 . Denise Phillips . Osiris . 18 . 2003 . 3655284 . 10.1086/649376 . 43–59. 145497167 . .
• Book: . Paul B. Jaskot . Beyond Berlin: Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past . 2008. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005671274 . HathiTrust. University of Michigan Press . US . 978-0-472-11611-9 . The politics of new beginnings: the continued exclusion of the Nazi past in Dresden's cityscape . Susanne Vees-Gulani. (fulltext)

in German

• Book: Topographia Superioris Saxoniae, Thüringiae, Misniae et Lusatiae . Topographia Germaniae . Frankfurt . Dresden . https://books.google.com/books?id=eINOAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA2-PA43 . de . 43+ . Topographia Germaniae. 1650 . /1690
• Book: Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon . Leipzig . Brockhaus . 1908 . 14th . de . Dresden . https://books.google.com/books?id=5VfOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA428 . 428–439 . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie .
• Book: P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht. Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas . Meyer's Atlas of German Cities . 1913. Bibliographisches Institut. Leipzig . de. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009018394. Dresden.
• Book: Wolfgang Adam . Siegrid Westphal . Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum . 2012. De Gruyter. 978-3-11-029555-9 . de . Dresden. 417+ . .

External links

• Links to fulltext city directories for Dresden via Wikisource
• Europeana. Items related to Dresden, various dates.

51.0333°N 13.7333°W

Notes and References

1. Book: Henri Bouchot . H. Grevel . London . The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. 1890. H. Grevel & Co. . https://books.google.com/books?id=5ycxAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA367 . Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established . Henri Bouchot .
2. Book: . Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music . 2005. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-79273-8 . Chronology . Stephen Rose . https://books.google.com/books?id=mHJvKVq0vXoC&pg=PA533 .
3. Book: William Grange . Historical Dictionary of German Theater . 2006. Scarecrow Press. 978-0-8108-6489-4 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=WetnNgbRXDoC&pg=PR13 . William Grange .
4. Web site: Procession through the streets of Dresden held by Friedrich August I (Dresden: 1695) . . British Library . 30 August 2014 .
5. Book: Tony Sharp. Pleasure and Ambition: The Life, Loves and Wars of Augustus the Strong . 2001. I.B.Tauris. 978-1-86064-619-5 . 101 .
6. Web site: History of the City . City of Dresden . 26 July 2012.
7. Web site: Innerer Katholischer Friedhof . February 2023 .
8. Web site: Central Europe (including Germany), 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events . Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History . . New York . 30 September 2015 .
9. Book: Perłakowski, Adam. Kariera i upadek królewskiego faworyta. Aleksander Józef Sułkowski w latach 1695–1738. 2013. pl. Towarzystwo Wydawnicze Historia Iagellonica. Kraków. 187–188. 978-83-62261-58-1.
10. Book: Franz A.J. Szabo. The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756-1763. 2013. Routledge. 978-1-317-88697-6 . Chronology of Major Events . https://books.google.com/books?id=GaUuAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA435 .
11. Web site: Insurekcja Kościuszkowska - ostatnia próba ratowania Rzeczpospolitej. Dzieje.pl. 13 August 2022. pl.
12. Book: Ernest F. Henderson . A Short History of Germany . 1937 . HathiTrust . Macmillan . New York . Chronological Table: 1658-1914 . 2027/uc1.b3851058 .
13. Book: . Leksykon Polactwa w Niemczech. 1939. pl. Związek Polaków w Niemczech. Opole. 169–170.
14. Book: Plenzler, Anna. Śladami Fryderyka Chopina po Wielkopolsce. 2012. pl. Wielkopolska Organizacja Turystyczna. Poznań. 5. 978-83-61454-99-1.
15. Web site: Comparative Chronology of Money . Glyn Davies . Roy Davies . 2002 . University of Exeter . Glyn Davies (economist) .
16. Book: Ursula Heinzelmann . Food Culture in Germany. 2008. Greenwood Press . 978-0-313-34495-4 . Timeline . https://books.google.com/books?id=ULLygtLOI-kC&pg=PR15 . Ursula Heinzelmann.
17. Book: Claude Egerton Lowe . Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events . 1896. Weekes & Co. . London . Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music . https://books.google.com/books?id=rvhBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA87 . 87–110 .
18. . Boston . New Railway and Traffic Bridge at Dresden, Saxony . 14 August 1852 .
19. Royal Gallery of Dresden . NY . A. J. Dupays . The Crayon . 4 . September 1857 . 25527622.
20. Book: Georg Friedrich Kolb . de . Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde . 1862 . Leipzig . A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung . Deutschland: Sachsen . https://books.google.com/books?id=QkBVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA54 .
21. Book: Vernon N. Kisling. Zoo and Aquarium History. 2000. . US . 978-1-4200-3924-5 . Zoological Gardens of Germany (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=dxTrR5nOE0UC&pg=PA372 .
22. Book: . Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. 2003. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-00132-8 . Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=1DW1WyiooSMC&pg=PA275 .
23. Book: Andrew Lees. Lynn Hollen Lees. Cities and the Making of Modern Europe, 1750–1914 . 2007. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-83936-5.
24. Book: Jan Lin . Christopher Mele . Urban Sociology Reader . 2nd . 2013 . Routledge. 978-1-136-24414-8.
25. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany: Principal Towns . HathiTrust . 2027/njp.32101072368440 . Statesman's Year-Book .
26. Cygański. Mirosław. 1984. Hitlerowskie prześladowania przywódców i aktywu Związków Polaków w Niemczech w latach 1939–1945. Przegląd Zachodni. pl. 4. 54.
27. Web site: Dresden (SS Engineer's Barracks) Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
28. Sack. Birgit. 2015. Plac Monachijski w Dreźnie i jego znaczenie w kontaktach gostyńsko-drezdeńskich. Rocznik Gostyński. pl. Gostyń. Muzeum w Gostyniu. 2. 97. 2353-7310.
29. Web site: 80. rocznica męczeńskiej śmierci "Poznańskiej Piątki". Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. 11 December 2023. pl.
30. Web site: Dresden (Railway Repair Works) Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
31. Web site: Dresden (Goehle-Werk) Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
32. Web site: Dresden (Universelle) Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
33. Web site: Dresden-Reick Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
34. Web site: Dresden (Bernsdorf) Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
35. Sifting Dresden's Ashes . Tami Davis Biddle . . 29 . 2 . 60–80 . 2005 . 40260966 .
36. Web site: Dresden (Reichsbahn) Subcamp. KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. 13 August 2022.
37. Web site: Movie Theaters in Dresden, Germany . CinemaTreasures.org . Cinema Treasures LLC . Los Angeles . 27 July 2013 .
38. Book: Rowan Jacobsen . Apples of Uncommon Character . 2014. Bloomsbury Publishing. 978-1-63286-035-4.
39. Web site: Dresden 1989: Siliziumwerk wird zur Kraftprobe zwischen Bürger und Staat . 25 September 2011 .
40. [:de:Flüchtlingszüge aus Prag]
41. News: Germany Profile: Timeline . BBC News . 13 March 2012 . 15 November 2013.
42. Web site: German mayors . London . City Mayors.com . . 27 July 2013.
43. Web site: Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants . Demographic Yearbook 2011 . 2012 . .
44. News: Dearden. Lizzie. Germany anti-Islam protests: 17,000 march on Dresden against 'Islamification of the West'. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/germany-antiislam-protests-17000-march-on-dresden-against-islamification-of-the-west-9941656.html . 2022-05-07 . subscription . live. The Independent. 23 December 2014.