Timeline of Bremen explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bremen, Germany.

Prior to 19th century

• 787 CE - Catholic diocese of Bremen formed.^[1]
• 848 CE - Transfer of the archiepiscopal see of Hamburg to Bremen.
• 965 CE - Adaldag archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen given ruling powers by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
• 1186 - Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor grants privilegium to the townspeople.
• 1220's - Bremen Cathedral construction began.
• 1223 – Archbishopric relocated to Bremen from Hamburg.
• 1230 – Church of Our Lady rebuilt (approximate date).
• 1243 – St. Ansgarius church built (approximate date).
• 1247 - Location of Schlachte settled by local citizens and traders.
• 1283 - Bremen admitted to the Hanseatic League but was excluded in 1285.
• 1304 - "The commonalty rose against the patricians and drove them from the city."
• 1358 - Bremen re-admitted to the Hanseatic League.
• 1409 – Town Hall built.
• 1427 – Bremen re-excluded from the Hanseatic League.
• 1433 – Bremen re-admitted to the Hanseatic League.
• 1522 - The Reformation was introduced into Bremen.
• 1532 - Bremen joins the Schmalkaldic League.
• 1588 – Stadtwaage built.
• 1618 - Protestantism definitively proclaimed as the state religion.
• 1619 – Cloth-traders' guild hall built.
• 1630
  • Lübeck-Hamburg-Bremen defensive alliance formed.^[2]
  • Shipper's House built.
• 1644 - Frederick II of Denmark deposed by the Swedes.
• 1654 & 1666 - Swedish Wars on Bremen.
• 1675 – Bremen-Verden Campaign.
• 1682 - Bremen Exchange construction began of a single story building.
• 1720 - George I., elector of Hanover recognized Bremen as a free city.
• 1790 - City directory published.^[3]
• 1792 – (theatre) built.

19th century

• 1807 - Population: 36,041.
• 1806 - Bremen taken by the French.
• 1810 – Bremen becomes part of the French Empire.
• 1815 - Congress of Vienna restores its independence.
• 1823
  • Art Society founded.
  • St. John's Church rededicated as a Catholic church
• 1827 – Bremerhaven (seaport) established.
• 1847
  • Bremen Hauptbahnhof (main railway station) opens.
  • Wunstorf–Bremen railway opens.
• 1849 – Kunsthalle (art museum) built.
• 1857 – Norddeutscher Lloyd shipping company in business.
• 1862 - Population: 67,217.^[4]
• 1866 – Bremen joins the North German Confederation.
• 1867
  • Exchange built.
  • Oldenburg–Bremen railway opened.
  • Population: 74,574.
• 1868 – 10 April: Premiere of Brahm's German Requiem.
• 1871
  • End of Bremen independence, city becomes part of the German Empire.
  • Population: 82,969.
• 1872 – AG Weser in business.
• 1874 – Agricultural exhibition held.
• 1875
  • Kaiserbrucke (bridge) built.
  • Population: 102,499.
• 1876 – Horse tramway begins operating.
• 1878 – Post office built.
• 1885 - Population: 118,395.^[5]
• 1888
  • Bremen joins German Customs Union.
  • Bremen Hauptbahnhof (train station) re-built.
• 1890
  • Bremer Straßenbahn active.
  • Population: 124,955.
• 1892 – Electric tramway begins operating.
• 1893 – Bremer Vulkan shipbuilder in business.
• 1895 – Law courts built.
• 1900 – Population: 186,822; state 248,407.

20th century

1900-1945

• 1901 – Bremen Cathedral great restoration completed.
• 1902 – Kunsthalle (art museum) enlarged.
• 1905 – Population: 214,953; state 263,673.
• 1906 – Production of decaffeinated Kaffee Hag coffee begins.^[6]
• 1911 – Rathscafé built.
• 1913
  • Bremen Airport established.
  • New Town Hall and Theater am Goetheplatz built.
  • 20 June: Bremen school shooting.
• 1919 – Population: 257,923.^[7]
• 1920 – New constitution put into effect.
• 1923 – Bremer Flugzeugbau aircraft manufactory in business.
• 1925 – Fahrzeugwerke Borgward automobile manufactory in business.
• 1928 – Population: 302,949.
• 1932 – (monument) unveiled.
• 1933
  • March: Nazis take control of executive Senate. Nazi Richard Markert becomes mayor.
  • May: Placed in a united Reich Governorship with Oldenburg under Carl Röver.
  • October: Bürgerschaft (state parliament) is dissolved.
• 1939
  • Aumund, Blumenthal, Fähr, Farge, Grohn, Hammersbeck, Lobbendorf,, Schönebeck, and Vegesack become part of city.
  • August: Polish libraries seized by the Gestapo.^[8]
  • September: Mass arrests of local Polish activists (see also Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).^[9]
  • Population: 431,800.
• 1940
  • May: Bombing of Bremen in World War II begins.
  • May: Bremen-Blumenthal forced labour camp for men established.^[10]
• 1942 – 2nd SS construction brigade (forced labour camp) established by the SS.^[11]
• 1943 – Bremen-Farge subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp established. The prisoners were mostly French, Polish and Soviet men.^[12]
• 1944
  • 15 April: 2nd SS construction brigade relocated to Berlin.^[11]
  • 2 August: Bremen-Hindenburgkaserne subcamp of Neuengamme established. Its prisoners were Jewish women.^[13]
  • 16 August: Bremen-Neuenland subcamp of Neuengamme established. Its prisoners were mostly French and Soviet men.^[14]
  • August: Bremen-Blumenthal subcamp of Neuengamme established. Its prisoners were mostly Belgian, French, Polish, Soviet and Jewish men.^[15]
  • 26 September: Bremen-Hindenburgkaserne subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved^[13] and Bremen-Obernheide subcamp established. Prisoners moved from Hindenburgkaserne to Obernheide.^[16]
  • 28 November: Bremen-Neuenland subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved^[14] and Bremen-Osterort subcamp established. Prisoners moved from Neuenland to Osterort.^[17]
  • 25/26 December: Bremen-Schützenhof subcamp of Neuengamme established. Its prisoners were mostly Jewish men.^[18]

• 1945
  • 4 April: Bremen-Obernheide subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved. Prisoners sent on a death march to Uesen.^[16]
  • 6 April: Bremen-Osterort subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved. Prisoners moved to the Bremen-Farge subcamp.^[17]
  • 7–9 April: Blumenthal and Schützenhof subcamps of Neuengamme dissolved. Prisoners moved to the Bremen-Farge subcamp.^{[15] [18]}
  • 10 April: Bremen-Farge subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved. Prisoners either sent on death marches to Bremervörde and Sandbostel or deported by train towards the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.^[12]
  • 22 April: Bombing of Bremen in World War II ends.
  • April: City captured by British forces.
  • Wilhelm Kaisen becomes mayor.

1946-1990s

• 1947 – State of Bremen reestablished.
• 1949 – Becomes a constituent state of West Germany.
• 1956 – Population: 507,952.
• 1964 – Bremen-Arena opens.
• 1966
  • 28 January: Airplane crash.
  • Bürgerschaft (parliament) building and ^[19] open.
• 1983 – Bremer Shakespeare Company founded.
• 1986 – Bremen TV tower erected.
• 1990 – Population: 551,219.
• 1992 – Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen active.
• 1999
  • 6 June: Bremen state election, 1999 held.
  • built.

21st century

• 2003
  • City hosts the 2003 European Karate Championships.
  • 25 May: Bremen state election, 2003 held.
• 2005 – Jens Böhrnsen becomes mayor.^[20]
• 2007 – 13 May: Bremen state election, 2007 held.
• 2010 – Bremen S-Bahn begins operating.
• 2011 – 22 May: Bremen state election, 2011 held.
• 2012 – Population: 547,976.
• 2014 – City hosts the 2014 World Karate Championships.
• 2015 - 10 May: 2015 Bremen state election
• 2015 - 17 July: Carsten Sieling becomes mayor.
• 2019 - 26 May: 2019 Bremen state election
• 2019 - 15 August: Andreas Bovenschulte becomes mayor.

See also

• History of Bremen
• List of mayors of Bremen

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• • Book: William Blackwood . 1830 . Edinburgh . Edinburgh Encyclopædia . David Brewster . Bremen . https://archive.org/stream/edinburghencyclo04edinuoft#page/452/mode/2up . Edinburgh Encyclopædia .
  • Book: Geography . 2 . . Charles Knight . London . 1866 . Bradbury, Evans, & Co. . Bremen . 2027/nyp.33433000064794 .
  • Book: . London . 1877 . Handbook for North Germany . Bremen . https://archive.org/stream/handbookfornort00firgoog#page/n252/mode/2up .
    • Book: Chambers's Encyclopaedia . London . https://archive.org/stream/chamberssency02lond#page/422/mode/1up . Bremen . 1901 . Chambers's Encyclopaedia .
  • Bremen (city) . 4 . 493 - 494 . 1910 . . 1.
  • Book: Catholic Encyclopedia . Bremen . Joseph Lins . https://archive.org/stream/catholicencyclop02herbuoft#page/756/mode/1up . New York . 1913 . Catholic Encyclopedia .
  • Urban Labor Markets, In-Migration, and Demographic Growth: Bremen, 1815–1914 . Robert Lee . Journal of Interdisciplinary History . 30 . 3 . 437–473 . 1999 . 206909 . .
• Book: Richard Lawton . W. Robert Lee . Population and Society in Western European Port Cities, c.1650-1939. 2002. Liverpool University Press. 978-0-85323-435-7. Port-city legacy: urban demographic change in the Hansestadt Bremen, 1815-1910 . Robert Lee . Peter Marschalck . amp .

in German

• Book: Topographia Saxoniae Inferioris . 1653 . . Frankfurt . Stadt Bremen . https://books.google.com/books?id=OXJOAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA60 . de . 60+ .
• Book: Städte und Gilden der germanischen Völker im Mittelalter . Karl von Hegel. de . Leipzig . Duncker & Humblot. 1891 . HathiTrust . 2. Bremen. 2027/wu.89094689700. Karl von Hegel.
• Book: Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon . Leipzig . Brockhaus . 1896 . 14th . de . Bremen. . 2027/njp.32101064064452 . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie .
  • Book: P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht. Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas . Meyer's Atlas of German Cities . 1913. Bibliographisches Institut. Leipzig . de. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009018394. Bremen.
• Book: Die Chroniken der Deutschen Städte . Chronicles of the German Cities . Bremen . 37 . Leipzig . S. Hirzel . 1968. de .

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Bremen, various dates

53.0758°N 8.8075°W

Notes and References

1. Web site: Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany . Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese) . Norway . 30 September 2015 .
2. Book: Philippe Dollinger. The German Hansa. 1970. Stanford University Press. 978-0-8047-0742-8. registration.
3. Book: A. V. Williams . Development and Growth of City Directories . Cincinnati, USA . 1913 .
4. Book: Georg Friedrich Kolb .

   de:Georg Friedrich Kolb

   . de . Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde . 1862 . Leipzig . A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung . Deutschland: Bremen . https://books.google.com/books?id=QkBVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA61 .
5. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1890 . London . Macmillan and Co.. German Empire . 2027/nyp.33433081590527 .
6. Book: Patrick Robertson. Robertson's Book of Firsts . 2011. Bloomsbury . 978-1-60819-738-5.
7. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany: Area and Population: Principal Towns . Hathi Trust . 2027/njp.32101072368440 . Statesman's Year-Book .
8. Cygański. Mirosław. 1984. Hitlerowskie prześladowania przywódców i aktywu Związków Polaków w Niemczech w latach 1939–1945. Przegląd Zachodni. pl. 4. 52.
9. Cygański, p. 54
10. Web site: Arbeitserziehungslager Bremen-Blumenthal. Bundesarchiv.de. 13 August 2022. de.
11. Web site: Bremen (2nd SS Construction Brigade). KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
12. Web site: Bremen-Farge. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
13. Web site: Bremen-Hindenburgkaserne. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
14. Web site: Bremen-Neuenland. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
15. Web site: Bremen-Blumenthal. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
16. Web site: Bremen-Obernheide. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
17. Web site: Bremen-Osterort. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
18. Web site: Bremen-Schützenhof. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme. 13 August 2022.
19. Book: Vernon N. Kisling. Zoo and Aquarium History. 2000. . USA . 978-1-4200-3924-5 . Zoological Gardens of Germany (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=dxTrR5nOE0UC&pg=PA372 .
20. Web site: German mayors . London . City Mayors.com . . 12 December 2013.