Timeline of Berlin explained

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Berlin, Germany.

Prior to 17th century

• 1163 – Berlin founded by Albert the Bear (approximate date).
• 1183 – Oak beam, discovered in 2008 by archaeologists, dated to 1183.
• 1200 – Saint Peter's Church built in Cölln (approximate date).
• 1220 – Population: 2,400.
• 1230
  • St. Nicholas' Church built (approximate date).
  • Tabor Church (Berlin-Hohenschönhausen) built (approximate date).
• 1237 – 28 October: First documentation of Cölln.
• 1240 – Marienfelde church built (approximate date).
• 1244 – 29 April: First documentation of Berlin.
• 1250
  • Population: 1,200–2,000.
  • Jesus Church (Berlin-Kaulsdorf) built (approximate date).
  • Franziskaner-Klosterkirche built (approximate date).
  • Karow (Berlin) church built (approximate date).
• 1253 – Oldest known town seal of Berlin.
• 1272 – Bakers' guild established.^[1]
• 1278 – Georgenhospital established.
• 1282 – First documentation of official papers of the Margrave of Brandenburg.
• 1292 – 3 January: St. Mary's Church in existence.
• 1300 – Heinersdorf church construction begins.
• 1307
  • 20 March: Legal union of Berlin and Cölln.
  • Population: 4,000–7,000.
• 1360 – Berlin-Cölln joins the Hanseatic League.
• 1380 – Fire.
• 1400
  • Population: 7,000–8,500.
  • 1,100 buildings.
• 1432 – Merger of Berlin and Cölln.
• 1433 – (militia) formed.
• 1442 – Berlin leaves the Hanseatic League.
• 1443 – Stadtschloss (palace) construction begins.
• 1446 – 7 December: Pogrom against Jews.
• 1448 – 14 October: Unsuccessful protest against the construction of the Stadtschloss. Town privileges curtailed.
• 1450 – Population: 7,000–8,000.
• 1451 – Stadtschloss built.
• 1454 – St. Erasmus Chapel consecrated.
• 1468 – First documentation of Kammergericht.
• 1484 – 18 October: Jerusalem Church in existence.
• 1486 – 11 March: Berlin Stadtschloss becomes permanent seat of Brandenburg Electors.
• 1510 – 100 Jews accused of desecrating hosts. 38 burned, the rest banished and stripped of their possessions.
• 1530 – Tiergarten hunting park built.
• 1539 – 1 November: Protestant Reformation.
• 1540
  • Church possessions secularized.
  • Printing press in operation.^[2]
• 1542 – Kurfürstendamm avenue built.
• 1543 – Jagdschloss Grunewald hunting lodge built.
• 1558 – Köpenick Palace built.
• 1576
  • Population: 11,000–12,000.
  • Bubonic plague kills 6,000 people.
• 1594 – Spandau Citadel built.

17th century

• 1600 – Population: 9,000.
• 1618 – Population: 12,000.
• 1631 – Population: 8,100.
• 1636 – Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium (school) relocates to Berlin.
• 1647 – Unter den Linden boulevard laid out.
• 1642 – Population: 7,500.
• 1648 – Population: 6,000.
• 1650 – Berlin Fortress construction begins.
• 1653 – Alte Kommandantur built.
• 1661 – Library of the Elector opened.
• 1664 – Schönhausen Palace built.
• 1669 – Kronprinzenpalais built.
• 1671 – 21 May: 50 Jewish families from Austria settled in Berlin.
• 1674 – Dorotheenstadt receives town privileges.
• 1677 – Köpenick Palace rebuilt and enlarged.
• 1678 – Dorotheen Church built.
• 1680 – Population: 10,000.
• 1685
  • 29 June: Börse Berlin stock exchange founded.
  • 6,000 Huguenots settle in Berlin.
  • Wooden Neustädtische Brücke built.
  • Population: 17,500.
• 1688
  • Gendarmenmarkt laid out.
  • Jungfern Bridge built.
  • Leipziger Straße (street) laid out.
  • Population: 18,000–20,000.
• 1690 – Hohenschönhausen Castle built.
• 1691 – Friedrichstadt (Berlin) founded.
• 1693 – Jagdschloss Glienicke completed.
• 1695
  • 21 July: Sebastiankirche opened.
  • Friedrichsfelde Palace built.
  • Lange-brucke (bridge) built.
• 1696 – Academy of Arts founded.

18th century

• 1700
  • 11 July: Electoral Brandenburg Society of Sciences founded.
  • Population: 28,500.
• 1701 – 18 January: Berlin becomes capital of the Kingdom of Prussia.
• 1702 – Friedrichs-Waisenhaus Rummelsburg orphanage and infirmary established.
• 1703
  • 8 July: Parochialkirche opened.
  • Wooden Friedrichs Bridge built.
• 1704 – Vossische Zeitung founded.
• 1705
  • Charlottenburg founded.
  • French Cathedral built in Friedrichstadt.
• 1706 – Zeughaus built.
• 1708
  • 9 April: Neue Kirche completed in Friedrichstadt.
  • Frankfurter Allee built.
• 1709
  • Berlin merges with the cities of Cölln, Dorotheenstadt, Friedrichstadt, and Friedrichswerder to create the capital and royal residence of Berlin.
  • Population: 55,196.
• 1710 – Charité hospital established.
• 1712 – Population: 61,000.
• 1713
  • 18 June: Spandauische Kirche inaugurated.
  • Charlottenburg Palace built.
  • Nicolaische Buchhandlung (bookseller) in business.^[3]
• 1715 – City hosts Treaty of Berlin (1715).
• 1716 – 12 July: Luisenkirche inaugurated.
• 1717 – Compulsory schooling established.
• 1720 – Späth nursery founded.
• 1721 – Population: 65,300.
• 1722 – Garrison Church built.
• 1726 – Population: 72,000.
• 1730 – Population: 72,387.
• 1732
  • 13 December: Treaty of the Three Black Eagles signed by Prussia.
  • 1,200 Bohemians settle in Berlin to escape religious persecution.
  • Population: 77,973.
  • Crown Prince's Palace remodelled.
• 1733
  • Prinzessinnenpalais built.
  • Population: 79,017.
• 1734
  • Potsdam Gate constructed.
  • Pariser Platz laid out.
  • Das Rondell laid out.
• 1735 – Population: 86,000.
• 1737
  • • • City fortifications replaced by the Berlin Customs Wall Opera Palace constructed.
  • Zietenplatz built.
• 1738 – Ordenspalais built.
• 1739
  • 13 August: Holy Trinity Church built.
  • Prinz-Albrecht-Palais built.
• 1740 – Population: 90,000.
• 1742
  • 28 July: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Berlin (1742).
  • 7 December: Berlin State Opera house inaugurated.
• 1743 – Opernplatz (square) laid out.
• 1746 – Population: 97,000.
• 1747 – Population: 107,224.
• 1748
  • Berlin Cathedral built.
  • Population: 107,635.
• 1749 – Population: 110,933.
• 1750 – Population: 113,289.
• 1751
  • 22 September: Ackerstraße building begins.
  • Population: 116,483.
• 1752 – Population: 119,224.
• 1753
  • Palais am Festungsgraben built.
  • Luisenstädtische Kirche rebuilt.
  • Population: 122,897.
• 1754 – Population: 125,385.
• 1755 – Population: 126,661.
• 1756 – Population: 99,224.
• 1757
  • 16 October: 1757 raid on Berlin. Austrian general András Hadik raids Berlin.^[4]
  • Population: 94,219.
• 1758 – Population: 92,356.
• 1759 – Population: 94,433.
• 1760
  • 9–12 October: Raid on Berlin. City taken by Russian and Austrian forces.
  • Population: 95,245.
• 1761 – Population: 98,238.
• 1762 – Population: 98,090.
• 1763
  • 19 September: Royal Porcelain Factory, Berlin founded in Charlottenburg.
  • Population: 119,219.
• 1764
  • Döbbelinsches Theater opened, the first permanent German-language theater in Berlin.
  • Population: 122,667.
• 1765
  • Bank established.
  • Population: 125,139.
• 1766
  • Ephraim Palace built in Nikolaiviertel.
  • Population: 125,878.
• 1767 – Population: 127,140.
• 1768 – Population: 130,359.
• 1769
  • Brick Friedrichs Bridge built.
  • Population: 132,365.
• 1770
  • Bergakademie Berlin established.
  • Population: 133,520.
• 1771 – Population: 133,639.
• 1772 – Population: 131,126.
• 1773
  • 1 November: St. Hedwig's Church consecrated.
  • Population: 132,204.
• 1774
  • Französisches Komödienhaus established.
  • Population: 134,414.
• 1775 – Population: 136,137.
• 1776 – Population: 137,468.
• 1777 – Population: 140,719.
• 1778 – Population: 124,963.
• 1779 – Population: 138,225.
• 1780
  • (library) built.
  • Population: 140,625.
• 1781 – Population: 142,375.
• 1782 – Population: 143,098.
• 1783
  • Wednesday Society active.
  • Berlinische Monatsschrift (magazine) begins publication.
  • Population: 144,224.
• 1784 – Population: 145,021.
• 1785 – Population: 146,647.
• 1786
  • Bellevue Palace built.
  • Population: 147,338.
• 1787 – Population: 146,167.
• 1788 – Population: 149,274.
• 1789 – Population: 149,875.
• 1790 – Population: 150,803.
• 1791
  • 24 May: Sing-Akademie zu Berlin (choral society) founded.^[5]
  • Brandenburg Gate dedicated.
  • Population: 155,211.
• 1792 – Population: 157,534.
• 1793 – Population: 157,121.
• 1794 – Population: 157,603.
• 1795
  • First steam engine in Berlin, used to power spinning machines.
  • Population: 156,218.
• 1796
  • Zuckerbäckerei Johann Josty & Co. established.
  • Population: 160,733.
• 1797
  • Pfaueninsel Palace built.
  • Population: 164,978.
• 1798 – Population: 169,019.
• 1799
  • 18 March: Bauakademie founded.
  • Population: 169,510.

19th century

1800s–1860s

• 1800 – Population: 172,132.
• 1801 – Population: 176,709.
• 1802 – Population: 177,029.
• 1803 – Population: 178,309.
• 1804
  • Royal Prussian Iron Foundry established.
  • Population: 182,157.
• 1805
  • 25 October: Alexanderplatz renamed in honor of Tsar Alexander I of Russia.
  • Population: 155,706.
• 1806
  • 24 October: Berlin occupied by the French army.
  • 21 November: Napoleon issues Berlin Decree while passing through city.
  • Population: 155,000.
• 1807 – Population: 150,489.
• 1808
  • December: French occupation ends.
  • Population: 145,941.
• 1809
  • Elections to city council held.
  • 25 March: Berlin Police formed.
  • 4 November: Gesetzlose Gesellschaft zu Berlin founded.
  • Population: 151,119.
• 1810
  • 15 October: University of Berlin established.
    • Natural History Museum established as part of the University of Berlin.
  • Population: 162,971.
• 1811 – Population: 169,763.
• 1812
  • Café Josty in business (approximate date).
  • Population: 171,000.
• 1813 – Population: 178,641.
• 1814 – Population: 185,659.
• 1815
  • 10 March: Nathan Israel Department Store established.
  • City becomes part of the Province of Brandenburg.
  • Population: 197,717.
• 1816
  • First continental European locomotive built at the Royal Prussian Iron Foundry.
  • Population: 197,817.
• 1817 – Population: 195,689.
• 1818
  • 18 September: Neue Wache inaugurated.
  • Population: 198,125.
• 1819 – Population: 209,138.
• 1820 – Population: 201,900.
• 1821
  • 30 March: Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars opened.
  • 18 June: Schauspielhaus Berlin (theatre) inaugurated.^[6]
  • Population: 205,965.
• 1822 – Population: 209,146.
• 1824
  • 29 February: Berlin Missionary Society constituted.
  • Schlossbrücke rebuilt.
• 1825
  • 1 December: Population: 220,277.
  • Sing-Akademie building constructed.
  • First horsebus line operational.
• 1826
  • Glienicke Palace built.
  • First gas lighting in Berlin at the Unter den Linden.
  • Crelle's Journal founded.
• 1827 – 29 April: Premiere of Mendelssohn's opera Hochzeit des Camacho.^[7]
• 1828
  • 1 December: Population: 236,830.
  • Berlin Geographical Society founded.
• 1830
  • 3 August: Königliches Museum opens.^[8]
  • Museum Vaterländischer Altertümer formed.
• 1831
  • 10 July: Friedrichswerder Church inaugurated.
  • 1 December: Population: 248,682.
• 1834
  • 3 December: Population: 265,122.
  • Café Kranzler in business.
• 1835 – 24 April: Berlin Observatory opened.
• 1837
  • 13 August: Ss. Peter and Paul inaugurated.
  • 3 December: Population: 283,722.
  • August Borsig founds Machine factory on Chausseestraße.
  • Old Palace built.
  • Schinkelplatz laid out.
• 1838
  • 22 September: Berlin-Zehlendorf station opened.
  • 29 October:
    • first railway in Prussia, the Berlin–Potsdam railway opened.^[9]
    • Berlin Potsdamer Bahnhof opened.
  • Bote & Bock music publisher in business.^[10]
• 1839 – 13 June: Berlin Rathaus Steglitz station opened.
• 1840
  • 3 December: Population: 330,230.
  • Zwei Friedenssäulen erected outside Charlottenburg Palace.
• 1841
  • 1 July:
    • Berlin–Halle railway opened.
    • Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof opened.
  • (artists association) founded.
• 1842
  • 1 August: Bernau bei Berlin station opened.
  • 1 October: Stettiner Bahnhof opened.
  • 23 October:
    • Berlin–Wrocław railway opened.
    • Frankfurter Bahnhof opened.
    • Berlin-Friedrichshagen station opened.
    • Berlin-Köpenick station opened.
  • Johann Friedrich Ludwig Wöhlert opens locomotive factory at Chausseestrasse No. 29.
  • Springer-Verlag (publisher) in business.^[11]
• 1843
  • 3 December: Population: 353,149.
  • Royal Opera House rebuilt.
• 1844
  • Kroll Opera House opened.
  • Berlin Zoological Garden opened.
• 1845
  • 14 January: Physical Society of Berlin established.
  • Stadtschloss completed.
• 1846
  • 24 September: Discovery of Neptune planet at the Observatory.
  • 15 October:
    • Berlin–Hamburg Railway opened.
    • Berlin-Stresow station opened.
    • Hamburger Bahnhof opened.
    • Nauen station opened.
  • 3 December: Population: 408,502.
  • 15 December: Berlin–Hamburg Railway completed.
• 1847
  • April: Prussian parliament begins meeting in the Stadtschloss.
  • 1 October: Siemens founded.
  • Stern Gesangverein founded.
  • Neue Berliner Musikzeitung begins publishing.
• 1848
  • 18 March: "Barricade fights."^[12] King Friedrich Wilhelm promises reforms.
  • 22 May: Elected assembly held.
  • 15 June: Political unrest.
  • 21 November: St. Marien am Behnitz consecrated.
  • 5 December: Elected assembly dissolved and monarchist constitution imposed.
  • Falkensee station opened.
• 1849
  • 3 December: Population: 423,902.
  • built.^[13]
  • Berliner Gummiwaarenfabrik founded.
  • Wolffs Telegraphisches Bureau in business.
• 1850
  • 31 January: Prussian House of Lords established.
  • Berliner Musikschule (music school) founded.
  • Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek founded.
• 1851
  • 31 May: Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great inaugurated on Unter den Linden.
  • 15 October: Disconto-Gesellschaft founded.
  • 19 November: Corps Vandalia-Teutonia founded.
  • Schering AG founded.
• 1852
  • 3 October: Eisengießerei und Maschinen-Fabrik von L. Schwartzkopff founded.
  • 3 December: Population: 438,958.
  • Luisenstadt Canal constructed.
• 1853
  • 1 October: C. Bechstein Pianofortefabrik founded.
  • delicatessen founded.
  • Katholischer Studentenverein Askania-Burgundia Berlin established.
• 1855
  • 3 December: Population: 447,483.
  • Advertising columns installed in city.^[14]
  • New Museum opens.
• 1856 – J. F. Schwarzlose Söhne perfume maker founded.
• 1857 – Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift scientific journal founded.
• 1858 – Population: 458,637.^[15]
• 1859
  • 10 May: Alexander von Humboldt funeral.^[16]
  • Berlin-Spandau Ship Canal opened.
  • Charlottenburg Canal opened.
• 1860 – Customs Wall removed.
• 1861
  • Moabit and Wedding become part of Berlin.
  • Tiergarten locality established.
  • Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung begins publishing.
  • 28 October: St. Michael's Church consecrated.
  • 3 December: Population: 547,571.
• 1862 – Berthold Kempinski wine shop in business.
• 1863
  • Photographers Association founded.
  • Exchange built.
  • Ed. Westermayer piano manufacturer founded.
  • (publisher) in business.
• 1864
  • Wallner Theater built.
  • 3 December: Population: 632,749.
• 1865 – 22 June: First horse-drawn tram line set up.
• 1866
  • 27 February: Lette-Verein (women's educational organization) founded.
  • 7 May: Ferdinand Cohen-Blind's assassination attempt against Otto von Bismarck.
  • 5 September: New Synagogue consecrated.
  • 13 September: Berlin-Grünau station opened.
  • Berlin–Görlitz railway opened.
  • Westend (Berlin) locality established.
• 1867
  • 29 September: Friedrichstadt-Palast built.
  • 1 October: Berlin Old Ostbahnhof opened.
  • 3 December: Population: 702,437.
• 1868
  • 24 May: Berlin-Schöneweide station opened.
  • 20 September: Berlin-Lichterfelde Ost station opened.
  • City wall dismantled.
  • Berliner Pfandbriefinstitut bank established.
  • Palais Strousberg built.
  • Biesdorf Palace built.
  • Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin established.
• 1869
  • 25 August: Kaulsdorf station opened.
  • 3 October: Rotes Rathaus (city hall) opened.
  • Royal School of Art in Berlin founded.
  • St. Thomas inaugurated.

1870s–1890s

• 1870 – 10 March: Deutsche Bank established.
• 1871
  • 18 January: Berlin becomes capital of the newly unified German Empire.
  • 17 July: Berlin Ringbahn (railway) begins operating.
  • 1 December: Population: 826,341.
  • Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing founded.
• 1872
  • 1 January:
    • Berlin-Gesundbrunnen station opened.
    • Berlin-Neukölln station opened.
    • Berlin-Tempelhof station opened.
  • 1 May:
    • Berlin Frankfurter Allee station opened.
    • Berlin-Wedding station opened.
  • 15 December: Berlin-Lichterfelde West station opened.
  • German Society of Surgery founded.
  • Ludwig Loewe & Co. in business.
  • Berlin-Lichterfelde West station built.
• 1873
  • 2 September: Victory Column inaugurated on Königsplatz.
  • Ethnological Museum of Berlin opened.
• 1874
  • 1 June:
    • Wannsee Railway opened.
    • Berlin-Schlachtensee station opened.
    • Berlin-Wannsee station opened.
  • 1 November: Berlin-Friedenau station opened.
  • Fachschule für Dekomponieren, Komponieren und Musterzeichnen established.
  • Twelve Apostels Church opened.
• 1875
  • 1 February: Berlin Treptow station opened.
  • 1 May: Berlin Greifswalder Straße station opened.
  • 17 June:
    • Berlin Dresdner Bahnhof opened.
    • Marienfelde station opened.
    • Rangsdorf railway station opened.
  • 15 October: Royal Prussian Military Railway opened.
  • 1 December: Population: 966,858.
  • Socialist Workers' Party of Germany headquartered in Berlin.
  • Hotel Kaiserhof in business.
  • Königliche Hochschule für Musik active.
• 1876
  • 1 January: Reichsbank established.
  • 1 April: Orenstein & Koppel founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 980,194.
  • Imperial Health Agency established.
  • National Gallery opens.
  • Spandau Prison built.
• 1877
  • 1 June: Berlin-Blankenburg station opened.
  • 10 July:
    • Berlin-Hermsdorf station opened.
    • Berlin-Schönholz station opened.
    • Berlin-Wilhelmsruh station opened.
    • Berlin-Wittenau station opened.
    • Berlin Wollankstraße station opened.
    • Berlin Old Nordbahnhof opened.
  • 15 November:
    • Berlin Ringbahn completed.
    • Berlin-Halensee station opened.
    • Berlin Hermannstraße station opened.
    • Berlin-Westend station opened.
  • Berlin Wuhlheide station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 1,008,566.
  • Wasserturm Prenzlauer Berg water tower completed.
• 1878
  • 13 July: City hosts Congress of Berlin.
  • Berlin Stadtbahn (city railway) begins operating.
• 1879
  • 1 April: Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin) formed.
  • 15 May: Berlin-Rahnsdorf station opened.
  • 26 June: Berlin-Buch station opened.
  • 1 August:
    • Berlin-Grunewald station opened.
    • Berlin Schönhauser Allee station opened.
  • 1 September: Rangierbahnhof station opened.
  • Imperial Treasury headquartered in city.
  • Crown Prince Bridge built.
  • Plötzensee Prison established.
• 1880
  • 15 June: New Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof opened.
  • 15 August: Südende station opened.
  • 9 September: Weißensee cemetery inaugurated.
  • 15 October: Berlin-Pankow station opened.
  • 1 December: Population: 1,122,330.
  • Berlin movement initiated.
  • Matthew Church (Berlin-Steglitz) built.
• 1881
  • 29 April: Electromote presented.
  • 4 May: Berlin Storkower Straße station opened.
  • 16 May: Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway in service, the world's first electric tram line.
  • 15 October: Berlin Julius-Leber-Brücke station opened.
  • Berlin administrative district separates from Province of Brandenburg.
  • Martin-Gropius-Bau built.
  • Berlin-Lichtenberg station opened.
  • Zentralfriedhof Friedrichsfelde cemetery built.
  • Städtischer Friedhof III cemetery built.
  • Industrial museum established.
• 1882
  • 7 February:
    • Berlin Stadtbahn (railway) begins operating.
    • Berlin Alexanderplatz station opened.
    • Berlin Bellevue station opened.
    • Berlin-Charlottenburg station opened.
    • Berlin Hackescher Markt station opened.
    • Berlin Zoologischer Garten railway station opened.
    • Berlin Jannowitzbrücke station opened.
    • Berlin Friedrichstraße station opened
    • Stralau-Rummelsburg station opened.
  • 1 May: Berlin Philharmonic established.
  • 15 November:
    • Berlin-Karow station opened.
    • Neu-Rahnsdorf station opened.
  • Pestalozzi-Fröbel Haus founded.
  • Berlin-Blankenheim railway opened.
  • Kietz-Rummelsburg station opened.
• 1883
  • 1 June: Lichtenrade station opened.
  • 15 December: Berlin Heidelberger Platz station opened.
  • AEG founded.
  • Berliner Lokal-Anzeiger founded.
• 1884
  • Dankeskirche (church) built.
  • 20 May: Berlin-Waidmannslust station opened.
  • 11 August: Berlin Warschauer Straße station opened.
  • 7 September: Dahlewitz railway station opened.
  • 15 November: City hosts West Africa Conference.
• 1885
  • 5 January: Berlin-Tiergarten station opened.
  • 26 February: West Africa Conference concluded.
  • 1 August: Berlin-Biesdorf station opened.
  • 19 November: St. George's Anglican Church inaugurated.
  • 1 December: Population: 1,315,287.
  • St. George's Anglican Church built.
• 1886 – Ethnological museum established.
• 1887
  • German Colonial Society headquartered in Berlin.
  • (bridge) and Heiligekreuzkirche (church) built.
  • Society for Friends of Photography founded.
• 1888
  • 3 March: Urania founded.
  • 15 April: BFC Germania 1888 founded.
  • 11 September: Lessing Theater opened.
• 1889
  • 6 June: BFC Viktoria 1889 founded.
  • 14 June: Treaty of Berlin (1889) signed over Samoa.
  • Museum of Natural History opens.
  • Academic Alpine Club of Berlin formed.^[17]
• 1890
  • 5 February: Allianz founded.
  • 20 May: Baumschulenweg station opened.
  • 1 December: Population: 1,578,794.
  • May Day begins.
  • Wittenbergplatz laid out.
• 1891
  • April: Moltke Bridge opened.
  • 1 July: Robert Koch Institute founded.
  • 1 October: Western Berlin Yorckstraße station opened.
  • Oder–Spree Canal opened.
  • Hotel Bristol in business.
• 1892
  • 4 January: Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung begins publishing.
  • 1 May:
  • Berlin Bundesplatz station opened.
  • Berlin Prenzlauer Allee station opened.
  • 2 July: Berliner SV 1892 founded.
  • 25 July: Hertha BSC founded.
  • 24 September: Komische Oper Berlin opened.
  • 20 December: Wriezen Railway opened.
  • Neues Theater opens.
  • Luther Bridge opened.
• 1893
  • 26 February: Gethsemane Church inaugurated.
  • 26 June: St. Sebastian opened.
  • 1 August: Lichterfelde Süd station opened.
  • 1 October:
    • First section of the Kremmen Railway opened.
    • Berlin Alt-Reinickendorf station opened.
    • Berlin Karl-Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik station opened.
    • Berlin-Pankow-Heinersdorf station opened.
    • Schulzendorf railway station opened.
    • Berlin-Tegel railway station opened.
    • Hennigsdorf station opened.
  • 20 December: Second section of the Kremmen Railway opened.
  • Department of Medical Microbiology (Schering AG) established.
  • Mendelssohn Palace built.
• 1894
  • 8 January: Adlershof station opened.
  • 1 May:
    • Berlin Beusselstraße station opened.
    • Berlin Jungfernheide station opened.
  • 1 October: Eichborndamm station opened.
  • 5 December: Reichstag building completed.
  • Friedrichs Bridge completely rebuilt.
  • Chapel of Reconciliation built.
  • Ss. Constantine and Helena Church built.
• 1895
  • 15 February: Attilastraße station opened.
  • 1 May:
    • Berlin-Karlshorst station opened.
    • Berlin Landsberger Allee station opened.
  • 1 September:
    • Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church consecrated.
    • Mahlsdorf railway station opened.
  • 15 September: Spandau Synagogue dedicated.
  • 1 December:
    • Population: 1,677,304.
    • Lankwitz station opened.
  • 13 December: Premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 2.
  • 17 December: Berolina unveiled.
  • Pan (magazine) begins publishing.
• 1896
  • Oberbaum Bridge rebuilt.
  • 1 May: Great Industrial Exposition of Berlin opened.
  • 8 June: Baumschulenweg–Neukölln link line opened.
  • 1 August: Berlin Savignyplatz station opened.
  • September: Treptow Observatory opened.
  • 17 September: Weidendammer Bridge rebuilt.
  • 15 October: Great Industrial Exposition of Berlin closed.
  • Messter Film in business.
• 1897
  • 22 March: National Kaiser Wilhelm Monument unveiled.
  • 1 May: Heiligensee station opened.
  • 30 September: International Automobile Exhibition begins.^[18]
  • Rot-Weiss Tennis Club founded.
• 1898
  • 1 May:
    • Ahrensfelde station opened.
    • Berlin-Marzahn station opened.
  • 31 August: Population: 1,820,000.
  • 1 October: Berlin Westhafen station opened.
  • 15 October: Wriezen Railway completed.
  • Jewel Palace (Berlin) built.
  • Einkaufsgenossenschaft der Kolonialwarenhändler im Halleschen Torbezirk zu Berlin established.
  • Berlin Secession (art group) founded.
  • Café des Westens in business.
• 1899
  • 18 March: Die Woche begins publishing.
  • 30 April: Kopenhagener Straße opened.
  • 2 December: Tripartite Convention signed, dividing Samoa into German and American spheres of influence.
  • (museum) opens.

20th century

1900s–1945

See also: 1920s Berlin.

• 1900
  • 15 August: Berlin-Staaken station opened.
  • 1 December: Population: 1,888,848.
  • Berlin Automobile Association founded.^[19]
  • Viktoria-Luise-Platz laid out.
• 1901
  • Population: 1,901,567.
  • 18 January: Überbrettl cabaret opened.
  • 1 October: Teltow railway station opened.
  • 1 December:
  • Anhalt Suburban Line opened.
  • Berlin Papestraße station opened.
  • Neuer Marstall built.
  • Catholic Apostolic Church (Kreuzberg) opened.
• 1902
  • 15 February:
    • Berlin U-Bahn begins operating.
    • Kottbusser Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Möckernbrücke (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 18 February:
    • Görlitzer Bahnhof (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Hallesches Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened (U1 line).
    • Berlin Potsdamer Platz station station opened.
    • Berlin Potsdamer Platz station station opened.
    • Schlesisches Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 11 March:
    • Bülowstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Nollendorfplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Zoologischer Garten U-Bahn station opened.
    • Wittenbergplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 1 May: Berlin-Nikolassee station opened.
  • 22 July: Capernaum Church completed.
  • 17 August: Warschauer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 14 December:
    • Ernst-Reuter-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
• 1903
  • 1 May: Western Berlin Yorckstraße station opened.
  • 27 May: Telefunken founded.
  • 1 October: Berlin-Friedrichsfelde Ost station opened.
  • German Colonial House built.
  • Original American Church in Berlin built.
• 1904
  • 4 September: Rykestrasse Synagogue inaugurated.
  • 1 November: Zehlendorf-Beerenstraße station opened.
  • Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum opens.
  • Tietz department store in business on Alexanderplatz.
• 1905
  • 27 February: Berlin Cathedral consecrated after rebuilding.
  • 20 May: Charlottenburg Town Hall opened.
  • 1 June: Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn station opened.
  • 20 December: Tabor Church consecrated.
  • Neues Schauspielhaus built.
  • Population: 2,040,148.
• 1906
  • 14 May:
    • Deutsche Oper (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Richard-Wagner-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 2 June: Teltow Canal opened.
  • 23 September: Hackesche Höfe courtyard opened.
  • 8 November: Museum of East Asian Art founded.
  • Britz Canal opened.
  • Griebnitz Canal opened.
  • Virchow Hospital opens in Moabit.
• 1907
  • 1 January: Schiller Theater opened.
  • 17 February: Reformation Church consecrated.
  • 27 March: Kaufhaus des Westens established.
  • 16 November: Glienicke Bridge inaugurated.
  • Hotel Fürstenhof built.
  • Märkisches Museum built in Köllnischer Park.
• 1908
  • 29 March:
    • Kaiserdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Sophie-Charlotte-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Theodor-Heuss-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 2 April: Hotel Excelsior opened.
  • 1 October:
    • Hausvogteiplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kaiserhof U-Bahn station opened.
    • Spittelmarkt (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Stadtmitte (Berlin U-Bahn) U2 platform opened.
  • Reichskanzlerplatz laid out.
  • Charlottenburg Gate opened.
  • Hotel Esplanade Berlin opened.
  • Friedrichstraßenpassage shopping arcade built.
  • Shot Ball Tower (Berlin) built.
• 1909
  • 1 May: Berlin Botanischer Garten station opened.
  • 23 May: Rennbahn station opened.
  • 26 September: Johannisthal Air Field opened.
  • 1 November: Berlin Heerstraße station opened.
  • AEG turbine factory built.
  • Expressionist Der Neue Club founded.
• 1910
  • April: Liebermann Villa completed.
  • 1 May: Berlin-Frohnau station opened.
  • 24 May: Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum opened.
  • 15 July: Berlin-Spandau station opened.
  • 7 August: Last horse-drawn tram line closed.
  • 17 November: Hohenzollern-Sport-Palast opened.
  • 1 November: Berlin Hohenzollerndamm station opened.
  • 1 December:
    • Population: 2,071,257.
    • Bayerischer Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Innsbrucker Platz station station opened.
    • Rathaus Schöneberg (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Viktoria-Luise-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • Berlin Hohenzollerndamm station built.
  • Rathaus Schöneberg (Berlin U-Bahn) opened.
  • Der Sturm magazine begins publication.
• 1911
  • 9 April: Tabor Church (Berlin-Wilhelmshagen) consecrated.
  • 5 September: Berlin-Pichelsberg railway station opened.
  • 1 October: Berlin Sonnenallee station opened.
  • 29 October: Altes Stadthaus inaugurated.
  • 31 December: Population: 2,084,045.
  • Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of Sciences founded.
  • Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry founded.
  • Hotel Esplanade built.^[20]
  • Haus Cumberland built.
  • Spandau Suburban Line opened.
  • Die Aktion magazine begins publication.
• 1912
  • February: Haus Potsdam built.
  • 26 August: Fasanenstrasse Synagogue opened.
  • 22 September: Mater Dolorosa church consecrated.
  • 3 November: Gleisdreieck (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 7 November: Deutsche Oper Berlin opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 2,095,030.
• 1913 ^[21]
  • 8 June:
    • Deutsches Stadion (Berlin) opened.
    • Stadion U-Bahn station opened.
  • 15 June: Märchenbrunnen opened.
  • 1 July:
    • Berlin Alexanderplatz station U-Bahn line U2 opened.
    • Klosterstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Märkisches Museum (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 27 July:
    • Eberswalder Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Schönhauser Tor U-Bahn station opened.
    • Berlin Schönhauser Allee station station opened.
    • Senefelderplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 12 October:
    • Breitenbachplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Dahlem-Dorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Fehrbelliner Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Heidelberger Platz U-Bahn station opened.
    • Hohenzollernplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Podbielskiallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Rüdesheimer Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Freie Universität (Thielplatz) (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Thielpalatz U-Bahn station opened.
  • 17 October: Johannisthal air disaster.
  • 31 December: Population: 2,079,156.
  • Cines-Palast (cinema) opened.
  • Neukölln Ship Canal opened.
  • Schillerpark opened.
• 1914
  • 25 March: Rathaus Schöneberg opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 1,945,684.
  • Volksbühne (theatre) and Bendlerblock built.
  • Pacifist headquartered in city.
• 1915 – 31 December: Population: 1,835,094.
• 1916
  • 1 April: Witzleben station opened.
  • 19 November: Deulig Film company established.
  • 1 December: Population: 1,771,491.
  • Schleusen Bridge rebuilt.
  • Eiserne Bridge rebuilt.
  • Körnerpark opened.
• 1917
  • 22 November: Standardisation Committee of German Industry founded.
  • 5 December: Population: 1,744,085.
  • 13 December: Deutsche Luft-Reederei founded.
  • 18 December: UFA GmbH established.
  • Rathaus Friedenau built.
• 1918
  • 9 November:
    • Proclamation of the Republic by Philipp Scheidemann from the Reichstag building.
    • Die Rote Fahne newspaper begins publication.
  • 23 December: The Volksmarinedivision occupies the Reich Chancellery.
  • 24 December: Christmas crisis.
  • 31 December: Population: 1,748,000.
• 1919
  • 1 January: Communist Party of Germany founded.
  • 5–12 January: Spartacist uprising.
  • 15 January: Socialists Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht killed by Freikorps.
  • February: Dadaist Jedermann sein eigner Fussball published.
  • 3–16 March: Berlin March Battles: Socialist uprising crushed by the government, 1,200 killed.
  • 10 March: Marxist revolutionary Leo Jogiches killed by right-wing paramilitaries.
  • May: Premiere of LGBT-themed film Anders als die Andern.
  • 22 June: Prizyv begins publishing.
  • 6 July: Institut für Sexualwissenschaft opened.
  • 8 October: Population: 1,902,508.^[22]
  • 7 November: SPD politician Hugo Haase killed by Johann Voss.
  • 31 December: Population: 1,928,432.
  • City becomes capital of the Weimar Republic.
  • Deutsche Luft-Reederei airline begins operating its Weimar-Berlin route.^[23]
• 1920
  • February: Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute established.
  • 13–17 March: Kapp Putsch.
  • June: First International Dada Fair held.^[24]
  • 20 June: SC Berliner Amateure founded.
  • 7 August: Stadion An der Alten Försterei opened.
  • 16 August: Köllnische Heide station opened.
  • 1 October: City area expands per Greater Berlin Act, incorporating Charlottenburg, Köpenick, Lichtenberg, Neukölln, Schöneberg, Spandau, and Wilmersdorf.
  • October: Deutsche Hochschule für Politik founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,879,409.
  • Lokomotiv-Versuchsamt Grunewald facility established.
  • Akaflieg Berlin founded.
• 1921
  • 15 March: Assassination of Talat Pasha by Soghomon Tehlirian.
  • 25 August: U.S.–German Peace Treaty (1921) signed.
  • 24 September: AVUS established.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,914,151.
  • Archenhold School built.
• 1922
  • 28 March: Assassination of Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov by Russian monarchists.
  • 17 April: Cemal Azmi assassinated by Armenian revolutionaries.
  • 27 April: Release of the first part of Dr. Mabuse the Gambler by Fritz Lang, filmed and set in Berlin.
  • 22 May: Neu-Westend (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 24 June: Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau assassinated.
  • December: International of Revolutionary Syndicalists founded in Berlin.^[25]
  • 31 December: Population: 3,953,920.
• 1923
  • 30 January:
    • Französische Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Friedrichstraße U-Bahn station opened.
    • Hallesches Tor U6 line opened.
    • Kochstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Oranienburger Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Naturkundemuseum (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Stadtmitte (Berlin U-Bahn) U6 platform opened.
  • 8 March:
    • Leopoldplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Reinickendorfer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Schwartzkopffstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Seestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin-Wedding U-Bahn station opened.
  • 25 August: Last horsebus run in Berlin.
  • 8 October: Tempelhof Airport established.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,918,985.
• 1924
  • 9 February: Stadion am Gesundbrunnen opened.
  • 19 April:
    • Mehringdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Gneisenaustraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 May: Bank of Workers, Employees, and Civil Servants established.
  • 7 July: Stadt und Land founded.
  • 14 December: Südstern (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,986,458.
  • Traffic light installed in Potsdamer Platz.
  • Internationale Funkausstellung Berlin (radio exhibit) begins.
  • Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra active.^[26]
• 1925
  • 1 February: Deutsche Werke formed.
  • 26 April: Ahmadiyya Mosque Berlin inaugurated.
  • 16 June: Population: 4,024,286.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,082,778.
  • Hufeisensiedlung housing estate construction begins.
• 1926
  • 6 January: Deutsche Luft Hansa founded.
  • 14 February: Kreuzberg U-Bahn station opened.
  • 11 April:
    • Hermannplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) U7 platform opened.
    • Bergstrasse U-Bahn station opened.
    • Rathaus Neukölln (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 24 April: Treaty of Berlin (1926) signed with the Soviet Union.
  • 3 September: Funkturm Berlin (radio tower) erected.
  • 24 October:
    • Kurfürstenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Nollendorfplatz U-Bahn station platforms added.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,125,824.
  • Das Buddhistische Haus built.
• 1927
  • 10 January: Premiere of film Metropolis.
  • 1 May: Adolf Hitler gives his first speech in Berlin, at the .
  • 4 July: Der Angriff begins publishing.
  • 17 July:
    • U8 (Berlin U-Bahn) line opened.
    • Boddinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Hermannplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) U8 platform opened.
    • Schönleinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 10 September: Paradestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 17 November: Betriebshaltepunkt Nieder-Schöneweide station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,195,725.
  • Tempelhof Airport terminal built.
  • Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics founded.
• 1928
  • 12 February: Kottbusser Tor U-Bahn station U8 platform opened.
  • 6 April:
    • Neanderstraße U-Bahn station opened.
    • Moritzplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 23 August: Berlin Eichkamp station opened.
  • 31 August: Premiere of Brecht's The Threepenny Opera.^[27]
  • 1 October: Founding of NSDAP Gau Berlin.
  • 7 October: Priesterweg station opened.
  • 10 December: Berlin Westkreuz station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,272,375.
  • First TV broadcast in Berlin.
  • Titania Palast (theatre) opens.^[28]
• 1929
  • 11 April: Kino Babylon opened.
  • 1–3 May: Blutmai unrest. 32 killed, 1,228 arrested and 11,000 rounds of ammunition fired by the police.
  • 28 May: Poststadion opened.
  • 4 August: Leinestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 22 December:
    • Krumme Lanke (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Onkel Toms Hütte (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Oskar-Helene-Heim (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Ruhleben (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin-Tempelhof U-Bahn station opened.
  • 25 December: Lichtburg cinema opens.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,328,760.
  • Charlotten Bridge rebuilt.
  • Spandauer Kirchenmusikschule established.
• 1930
  • 18 April:
    • Berlin Alexanderplatz station U-Bahn line U8 opened.
    • Bernauer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin-Gesundbrunnen U-Bahn station opened.
    • Berlin Jannowitzbrücke U-Bahn station opened.
    • Rosenthaler Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Voltastraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Weinmeisterstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 29 June: Vinetastraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 13 August: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin established.^[29]
  • 17 August: Mommsenstadion opened.
  • 30 September: Berlin rocket launching site opened.
  • 21 December:
    • Berlin Alexanderplatz station U-Bahn line U8 opened.
    • Frankfurter Allee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Frankfurter Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Friedrichsfelde (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Grenzallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Neukölln (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Magdalenenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin-Lichtenberg station U-Bahn station opened.
    • Samariterstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Schillingstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Strausberger Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Weberwiese (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,332,834.
  • Pergamon Museum built.
• 1931
  • 22 January: Haus des Rundfunks inaugurated.
  • 9 August: Murder of Paul Anlauf and Franz Lenck.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,314,466.
  • Großsiedlung Siemensstadt housing built.
• 1932
  • 24 January: Hitler Youth member Herbert Norkus killed by Communists.
  • 14–20 March: Ice Hockey European Championship 1932.
  • 3–7 November: 1932 Berlin transport strike.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,273,701.
  • Columbushaus built on Potsdamer Platz.
• 1933
  • Nazi headquarters relocated to Berlin from Munich.
  • 30 January: Hitler named Chancellor.
  • 27 February: Reichstag fire.
  • 19 March: Kirche am Hohenzollernplatz inaugurated.
  • April: Research Office of the Reich Air Ministry established.
  • 26 April: Nazi Gestapo (secret police) headquartered in Berlin, on Prinz-Albrecht-Straße.
  • 6 May: Institut für Sexualwissenschaft destroyed by the German Student Union.
  • 10 May: Nazi book burnings in Opernplatz.
  • 6 June: Afghan ambassador to Germany, Prince Shirdar Mohammed Aziz Khan, assassinated by an Afghan student.
  • 16 June: Population: 4,242,501.
  • 21–26 June: Köpenick's week of bloodshed.
  • 1 July: Berlin Innsbrucker Platz station opened.
  • July: Columbia concentration camp established.
  • 19 September: Ufa-Palast am Zoo premiere of the Hitlerjunge Quex, the first major Nazi propaganda film.
  • 22 September: Reich Chamber of Culture established.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,221,024.
  • City becomes capital of the Greater German Reich.
  • Hufeisensiedlung housing built.
  • Strength Through Joy national leisure programme headquartered in Berlin.
• 1934
  • 30 June – 2 July: Night of the Long Knives.
    • Kurt von Schleicher, Ferdinand von Bredow, Gregor Strasser, Erich Klausener, Edgar Jung, Herbert von Bose, Karl Ernst and Karl-Günther Heimsoth killed.
  • 1 July: Berlin Sundgauer Straße station opened.
  • 27 September: Ferdowsi millennial celebration in Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,218,332.
  • City becomes seat of the Greater Berlin and Mark Brandenburg Gaue (Nazi administrative divisions).
• 1935
  • 31 January: Berlin Humboldthain station opened.
  • 22 March: First TV broadcasting service in the world in operation.
  • 28 March: Premiere of the film Triumph of the Will.
  • 1 October: Berlin Bornholmer Straße station opened.
  • 29 November: Deutschlandhalle inaugurated.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,226,584.
  • Olympiapark Schwimmstadion Berlin built.
  • Nazi SS-Hauptamt headquartered in Berlin, on Prinz-Albrecht-Straße.
• 1936
  • January: Gosen Canal opened.
  • 1 April: Luftkriegsschule 2 Berlin-Gatow staff and technical college opened.
  • 28 May:
    • Berlin Nord-Süd Tunnel opened.
    • Berlin Oranienburger Straße station opened.
  • July: Sachsenhausen concentration camp established near the city.
  • 16 July: Berlin-Marzahn concentration camp established.
  • 27 July: Berlin Brandenburger Tor station opened.
  • 1 August: Olympic Stadium opened.
  • 1–16 August: 1936 Summer Olympics held.^[30]
  • 2 August: Waldbühne amphitheater opened.
  • August: Air Ministry Building completed.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,267,560.
  • Bundesautobahn 9 from Berlin to Munich opened.
  • Vorbunker built.
• 1937
  • 5 January: Julius Lippert becomes mayor.
  • 30 January: Albert Speer becomes for the Reich capital.
  • 28 May: Volkswagen auto company founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,314,432.
  • 700th anniversary of the city celebrated.
  • Messe Berlin built.
• 1938
  • 20 April: Olympia (1938 film) released.
  • 29 April: DEST founded.
  • 9–10 November: Kristallnacht; Fasanenstrasse Synagogue and Spandau Synagogue burned.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,347,875.
  • Schwimmhalle Finckensteinallee opened.
  • Helicopter flight demonstrated.
  • Elektro-Mess-Technik founded.
• 1939
  • 10 January: New Reich Chancellery completed.
  • 15 April: Berlin Potsdamer Platz station opened.
  • 20 April: Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday.
  • 17 May: Population: 4,338,756.
  • 1 September: German declaration of war against Poland.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,330,640.
• 1940
  • 1 January: Altglienicke station opened.
  • July: Ludwig Steeg becomes mayor.
  • 25 August: Bombing of Berlin in World War II begins.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,330,810.
  • Reichsbank extension (Haus am Werderschen Markt) built.
  • Telefunkenwerk Zehlendorf built.
• 1941
  • 14 October: Deportation of Jews to the east ordered by Kurt Daluege.
  • 11 December: German declaration of war against the United States.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,383,882.
  • Tempelhof Airport terminal built.
  • Zoo Tower built.
• 1942
  • 20 January: Wannsee Conference.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,478,102.
  • Schwerbelastungskörper built.
• 1943
  • 28 January: Mass deportation of Jews to Auschwitz concentration camp ordered.
  • February–March: Rosenstrasse protest.
  • 18 February: Proclamation of Total War in the Sportpalast speech by Joseph Goebbels.
  • 1 April: Berlin Albrechtshof station opened.
  • 18 November: Battle of Berlin (RAF campaign) begins.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,430,204.
  • Bunker (Berlin) air raid shelter built.
• 1944
  • 31 March: RAF bombing campaign ends.
  • 21 July: Execution of 20 July plot conspirators.^[31]
  • 23 October: Führerbunker completed.
  • 31 December: Population: 4,361,398.
• 1945
  • 16 April: Battle of Berlin begins.^[32]
  • 20 April: Operation Clausewitz begins.
  • 22 April: Panzerbär begins publishing.
  • 23 April: Battle in Berlin begins.
  • 24 April: Red Army encirclement of Berlin complete.
  • 30 April: Death of Adolf Hitler in the Führerbunker.
  • 1 May: Suicides of Joseph and Magda Goebbels.
  • 2 May:
    • Red Army capture of the Reichstag building.
    • Battle of Berlin ends.
    • Nikolai Berzarin becomes commander of the Soviet sector of city.
  • 8 May: Ceremonial German Instrument of Surrender signed in Karlshorst.
  • 21 May: Berliner Zeitung begins publishing.
  • Spring–summer: Mass rape of 100,000 German women by the Red Army.
  • 5 June: Berlin Declaration (1945).
  • 13 June: Deutsche Volkszeitung begins publishing.
  • 4 July: Floyd L. Parks becomes commander of the U.S. sector of city.
  • 5 July: Lewis Lyne becomes commander of the British sector of city.
  • 7 July: Das Volk begins publishing.
  • 11 July: Geoffroi du Bois de Beauchesne becomes commander of the French sector of city.
  • 17 July-2 August: Potsdam Conference held.
  • 21 July: Victory Parade.
  • 12 August: Population: 2,807,405.
  • 30 August: Allied Control Council constituted.
  • 12 December: Berlin Air Safety Center established.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,064,629.

1946–1989

See main article: East Berlin and West Berlin.

• 1946
  • 15 May: Buckower Chaussee station opened.
  • October: City election held.
  • 29 October: Population: 3,170,832.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,213,966.
  • Berlin Schönefeld Airport opened.
• 1947
  • 8 February: Karlslust dance hall fire.
  • Ernst Reuter becomes mayor.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,271,179.
• 1948
  • 5 April: 1948 Gatow air disaster.
  • 24 June: Soviet blockade begins.^[33]
  • 26 June: Allied airlift of supplies begins.^[34]
  • 4 December: Free University of Berlin established.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,312,307.
  • Berlin Tegel Airport opened.
  • Kampfgruppe gegen Unmenschlichkeit formed.
  • Handelsorganisation grocery opens in East Berlin.
• 1949
  • 12 May: Berlin Blockade ends.
  • November: Berliner Ensemble founded.
  • 8 December: Supreme Court of East Germany set up.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,328,193.
  • City divided into East Berlin and West Berlin.
  • East Berlin becomes capital of the German Democratic Republic.
  • Currywurst introduced on .
• 1950
  • 18 January: Marienfelde refugee transit camp opened.
  • 29 April: Liebknecht Bridge opened.
  • 20 May: Walter-Ulbricht-Stadion opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,336,026.
  • Werner-Seelenbinder-Halle opened.
  • Academy of Arts established in East Berlin.
  • Freedom Bell installed in city hall of West Berlin.
• 1951
  • 11 January: Landtag (parliament) of West Berlin established.
  • 6–17 June: Berlin International Film Festival begins in West Berlin.
  • 27 July: Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Park opened.
  • 3 August: Stalin Statue (Berlin) dedicated.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,351,865.
  • East Berlin hosts 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students.
  • Berliner Festspiele established in West Berlin.
• 1952
  • Deutsche Waggon und Maschinenfabrik in business.
  • 1 May: Hochhaus an der Weberwiese completed.
  • 20 February: Knaack club opened.
  • 1 October: Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,374,178.
• 1953
  • June: Uprising in East Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,367,406.
• 1954
  • 25 January – 18 February: Berlin Conference (1954) held.
  • 10 September: Amerika-Gedenkbibliothek opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,350,957.
  • Academy of Arts established in West Berlin.
  • SC Dynamo Berlin founded.
• 1955
  • 2 July: Tierpark Berlin opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,343,182.
  • Radrennbahn Weissensee cycling track opened.
• 1956
  • 3 May:
    • Afrikanische Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kurt-Schumacher-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Rehberge (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 3 June: Plänterwald railway station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,345,650.
  • Westhafen Canal opened.
  • Rotes Rathaus reconstructed; becomes city hall of East Berlin.
• 1957
  • 31 December: Population: 3,338,561.
  • International Building Exposition held.
  • Haus der Kulturen der Welt built in West Berlin.
• 1958
  • 31 May:
    • Alt-Tegel (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Borsigwerke (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Holzhauser Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Otisstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Scharnweberstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,316,353.
  • Bundesautobahn 100 opened.
• 1959
  • 2 June: Spichernstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,290,333.
  • Institute for European Politics founded in West Berlin.^[35]
  • Jüdisches Gemeindehaus Fasanenstraße (Jewish centre) inaugurated in West Berlin.
• 1960
  • 31 December: Population: 3,274,016.
  • Gropiusstadt developed.
• 1961
  • 28 January: Birkenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 8 May: Augsburger Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 4 June: Berlin Crisis of 1961 begins.
  • 13–15 August: Berlin Wall construction begins between East Berlin and West Berlin.
  • 19–20 August: U.S. vice president Lyndon B. Johnson visits West Berlin
  • 28 August:
    • Amrumer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Hansaplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kurfürstendamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Leopoldplatz U9 platform opened.
    • Spichernstraße U9 platform opened.
    • Turmstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Westhafen station station opened.
    • Berlin Zoologischer Garten U9 platform opened.
  • 27–28 October: U.S.–Soviet confrontation at Checkpoint Charlie.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,252,691.
  • Max Planck Institute for Human Development established.
  • Ampelmännchen pedestrian signal introduced in East Berlin.
• 1962
  • 27 May: Grünbergallee station opened.
  • 17 August: Killing of Peter Fechter at the Berlin Wall by East German border guards.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,235,231.
• 1963
  • 5 May: Maria Regina Martyrum consecrated.
  • 26 June: U.S. president Kennedy gives Ich bin ein Berliner speech in West Berlin.
  • 28 September:
    • Blaschkoallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Parchimer Allee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 29 September: Britz-Süd (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 15 October: Berliner Philharmonie opened.
  • 15 November: Kino International opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,251,489.
  • Berliner Philharmonie (concert hall) built in West Berlin.
  • Berliner Singakademie founded in East Berlin.
  • Hotel Berolina opened.
  • Wellblechpalast opened.
  • Biotronik founded.
• 1964
  • 18 July: Fernmeldeturm Berlin in service.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,270,959.
  • Old Palace rebuilt.
  • Prinzessinnenpalais rebuilt.
  • JazzFest Berlin begins in West Berlin.
• 1965
  • 2 April: Europa-Center inaugurated.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,274,500.
• 1966
  • 28 February:
    • Alt-Mariendorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Alt-Tempelhof (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kaiserin-Augusta-Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Möckernbrücke U7 platform opened.
    • Ullsteinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Westphalweg (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • May: Zentraler Omnibusbahnhof Berlin opened.
  • 17 September: Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,265,398.
  • Prussian Heritage Image Archive established.
• 1967
  • 2 June: Death of Benno Ohnesorg.
  • 15 September: Brücke Museum opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,245,325.
  • Strausberger Platz built.
  • Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.^[36]
• 1968
  • 11 April: Josef Bachmann's assassination attempt against Rudi Dutschke.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,225,354.
  • New National Gallery opens in West Berlin.
• 1969
  • 30 September: World Clock (Alexanderplatz) opened.
  • 3 October: Fernsehturm Berlin (TV tower) erected in East Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,218,112.
  • Neuer Berliner Kunstverein founded.^[37]
  • Kulturpark Plänterwald opened.
• 1970
  • 2 January:
    • Johannisthaler Chaussee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Lipschitzallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Wutzkyallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Zwickauer Damm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 7 October: Hotel Stadt Berlin built in East Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,208,719.
  • Protestant Church of Plötzensee inaugurated.
• 1971
  • 29 January:
    • Bayerischer Platz U7 platform opened.
    • Berliner Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Blissestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Bundesplatz U-Bahn station opened
    • Eisenacher Straße station opened
    • Fehrbelliner Platz U7 platform opened.
    • Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Güntzelstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kleistpark (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Walther-Schreiber-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Yorckstraße U7 platform opened.
  • 4 December: Georg von Rauch shot and killed during arrest by West Berlin police.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,172,902.
  • 2 June Movement anarchist group active in West Berlin.
• 1972
  • 15 May: Memorial to Polish Soldiers and German Anti-Fascists dedicated.
  • 3 June: Four Power Agreement on Berlin in force.
  • 1 July: Rudow (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 21 December: Basic Treaty, 1972 signed.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,152,489.
  • Kunstbibliothek Berlin opened.
• 1973
  • 25 June: Tierpark (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,136,776.
  • Großgaststätte Ahornblatt (restaurant) built in East Berlin.
• 1974
  • 30 September:
    • Berlin Rathaus Steglitz U-Bahn station opened.
    • Schloßstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 13 October: Berlin Marathon begins in West Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,118,134.
• 1975
  • 31 December: Population: 3,083,011.
  • Berlinische Galerie opened.
  • Hochschule der Künste Berlin (art school) formed.
  • Peter Lorenz becomes president of the Landtag of West Berlin.
• 1976
  • 23 April: Palace of the Republic inaugurated.
  • 30 April:
    • Nauener Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Osloer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) U9 station opened.
  • 13 October: Bierpinsel opened.
  • 30 December: Berlin Springpfuhl station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,056,973.
• 1977
  • 5 October:
    • Osloer Straße U8 platform opened.
    • Pankstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,044,968.
• 1978
  • 28 April:
    • Adenauerplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Bismarckstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Konstanzer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Wilmersdorfer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • July: Air Berlin established.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,038,689.
  • Berlin Motor Show begins in West Berlin.
  • Berlin State Library building opens on Haus Potsdamer Straße in West Berlin.
• 1979
  • 5 March: BESSY founded.
  • 2 April: Internationales Congress Centrum Berlin opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,042,504.
  • Teufel company founded.
• 1980
  • 1 May: Tempodrom opened.
  • 1 October:
    • Halemweg (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Jakob-Kaiser-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Jungfernheide U7 station opened.
    • Mierendorffplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Rohrdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Siemensdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • founded.^[38]
  • Memorial to the German Resistance erected.
  • 15 December:
    • Mehrower Allee station opened.
    • Raoul-Wallenberg-Straße station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,048,759.
• 1981
  • 20 November: Western entrance to Teltow Canal reopened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,050,974.
  • AG Märkische Kleinbahn established.
• 1982
  • 15 January: 1982 Berlin restaurant bombing.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,042,612.
• 1983
  • 12 August: Weltkugelbrunnen opened.
  • 25 August: Bombing of French consulate in West Berlin.
  • 26 September: IAV founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,040,035.
  • German Museum of Technology opened.
  • founded.
• 1984
  • 9 February: Eberhard Diepgen becomes mayor of West Berlin.
  • 1 October:
    • Altstadt Spandau (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Haselhorst (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Paulsternstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Rathaus Spandau (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Zitadelle (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 20 December: Berlin-Hohenschönhausen station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,045,456.
• 1985
  • 31 December: Population: 3,075,670.
  • West Berlin hosts Bundesgartenschau (garden show).^[39]
  • ESCP Europe school moves to Berlin.
• 1986
  • 1 January: Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin opened.
  • 5 April: West Berlin discotheque bombing.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,115,473.
• 1987
  • 750th anniversary of founding of Berlin celebrated.
  • Topography of Terror exhibit opens.
  • 27 April:
    • Franz-Neumann-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Paracelsus-Bad (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Residenzstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 1 May: May Day in Kreuzberg begins.
  • 12 June: U.S. president Reagan gives Tear down this wall! speech in West Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,273,630.
• 1988
  • 31 March – 2 April: Four Nations Tournament (1988).
  • 1 July:
    • Biesdorf-Süd (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Elsterwerdaer Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,352,848.
  • West Berlin designated a European Capital of Culture.
  • 1988 IMF/World Bank protests.
  • Metropol Verlag founded.
• 1989
  • Population: 1,279,212 in East Berlin.
  • 1 July:
    • Cottbusser Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Hellersdorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Hönow (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kaulsdorf-Nord (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Louis-Lewin-Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Kienberg (Gärten der Welt) (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Wuhletal station opened.
  • 7 October: Demonstrations in East Berlin.
  • 4 November: Alexanderplatz demonstration in East Berlin.
  • 9 November: Berlin Wall opened between East Berlin and West Berlin.^[40]
  • 31 December: Population: 3,409,737.

1990s

• 1990
  • 13 June: Demolition of the Berlin wall begins.
  • 1 August: Most roads between West and East Berlin rebuilt and reopened.
  • 28 September: East Side Gallery opened.
  • 3 October: German reunification; unified Berlin designated capital of the Federal Republic of Germany.
  • 7 November: Stasi Museum opened.
  • 1 December: Schichauweg railway station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,433,695.
  • Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records and headquartered in Berlin.
  • Kunsthaus Tacheles established.
• 1991
  • 20 June: Decision on the Capital of Germany.
  • 4 July: Alba Berlin founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,446,031.
• 1992
  • 1 January: Weierstrass Institute established.
  • 17 September: Mykonos restaurant assassinations.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,456,891.
  • A-Trane club opened.
• 1993
  • 1 October: West and East Berlin Academy of Arts merged.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,461,421.
  • Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology established.
  • Berlin Cathedral renovated.
  • Transparency International headquartered in city.
  • Magix founded.
  • Japanische Internationale Schule zu Berlin established.
• 1994
  • March: Max Planck Institute for the History of Science established.
  • 26 April: Berlin-Bonn Act.
  • 9 September: Russian and Allied forces depart.
  • 24 September:
    • Berlin Karl-Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik U-Bahn station opened.
    • Lindauer Allee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Rathaus Reinickendorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin-Wittenau U-Bahn station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,452,284.
  • Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial opened.
  • Berlin British School founded.
• 1995
  • 17 January: Die Pyramide completed.
  • 10 May: German-Russian Museum opens.
  • June: Artist Christo wraps the Reichstag.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,446,039.
  • Berlin Central and Regional Library opened.
• 1996
  • 13 July: Berlin Hermannstraße U-Bahn station opened.
  • 13 December: Max-Schmeling-Halle opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,428,644.
  • Crown Prince Bridge rebuilt.
  • City website online (approximate date).^[41]
  • Berggruen Museum and open.
• 1997
  • 5 September: Velodrom arena opened.
  • December: Propeller Island City Lodge founded.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,387,901.
  • Computer Games Museum founded.
• 1998
  • 20 May: Treptowers opened.
  • 12 June: Gemäldegalerie opened.
  • 25 September: Osdorfer Straße station opened.
  • 2 October: Mendelssohn-Bartholdy-Park (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,358,235.
  • Allied Museum opened.
• 1999
  • 17 February: 1999 Israeli consulate attack in Berlin.
  • 19 April: German Bundestag (legislature) relocated to Berlin from Bonn per Berlin-Bonn Act.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,340,887.
  • Molecule Man (sculpture) installed in the Spree River.
  • Clocktower reinstalled on Potsdamer Platz.
• 2000
  • 14 June: Sony Center opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,331,232.
  • Bahntower built.

21st century

• 2001
  • February: Anhalter Steg bridge built.
  • 2 May: Federal Chancellery (Berlin) completed.
  • 16 June: Klaus Wowereit becomes governing mayor.^[42]
  • 9 September: Jewish Museum, Berlin opened.
  • 21 October: Berlin state election, 2001.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,337,232.
  • Merger of boroughs: Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, Marzahn-Hellersdorf, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Tempelhof-Schöneberg, and Treptow-Köpenick formed.
  • DZ Bank building constructed.
  • Jewish Museum opens.
  • Berlin International Literature Festival begins.
• 2002
  • 31 December: Population: 3,336,248.
  • SRH Hochschule Berlin established.
  • Berlin Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra founded.
  • Exberliner English-language magazine founded.
• 2003
  • 2 December: AquaDom opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,330,242.
• 2004
  • 1 January: Federal Joint Committee health agency established.
  • May: Badeschiff opened.
  • 3 June: Museum of Photography, Berlin opened.
  • 9 December: University Library of the TU Berlin and UdK opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,333,108.
  • Festival of Lights begins.
• 2005
  • 7 February: Honor killing of Hatun Sürücü.
  • 24 February: Berlin-Lichterfelde Süd–Teltow Stadt railway opened.
  • 10 May: Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe unveiled.
  • 30 June: Gustav Heinemann Bridge opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,339,436.
  • Philological Library opened.
  • Transradio founded.
• 2006
  • February: Institute for Media and Communication Policy.
  • 26 May: Berlin Hauptbahnhof (Central station) constructed.
  • 27 May: Berlin North–South mainline opened.
  • 9 July: FIFA World Cup Final held at Olympiastadion.
  • 15 July: DDR Museum opened.
  • 17 September: Berlin state election, 2006.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,348,805.
  • nursing home established.
• 2007
  • July: Berlin Fashion Week first held.
  • 12 September: Alexa Centre shopping mall opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,353,858.
  • Rocket Internet founded.
• 2008
  • July: Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection opened.
  • 10 September: Mercedes-Benz Arena (Berlin) opened.
  • 1 October: BMG Rights Management founded.
  • October: Zalando founded.
  • 16 October: Khadija Mosque opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,362,843.
• 2009
  • 8 August:
    • U55 (Berlin U-Bahn) line opened.
    • Bundestag (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
    • Berlin Hauptbahnhof U55 platforms opened.
  • 15–23 August: 2009 World Championships in Athletics held.
  • 16 October: Neues Museum reopened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,369,672.
  • International Psychoanalytic University Berlin founded.
  • (garden) created.
• 2010 – 31 December: Population: 3,387,562.
• 2011
  • 29 June: Humboldt Box opened.
  • 18 September: Berlin state election, 2011.
  • 15 October: Occupy Berlin.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,427,114.
• 2012
  • March: Zoofenster high-rise completed.
  • 27 September: Rathaus Bridge inaugurated after rebuilding.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,469,621.
• 2013
  • 21 March: 2013 Berlin helicopter crash.
  • 2 June: Hohenzollern Stadtschloss (palace) reconstruction begins.
  • 3 November: Berlin energy referendum, 2013 held.
  • 15 November: Museum in the Kulturbrauerei opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,517,424.
  • N26 (bank) founded.
• 2014
  • March: .berlin internet domain name begins.
  • 28 August: 2014 Conference of Western Balkan States, Berlin held.
  • 25 September: Mall of Berlin opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,562,166.
  • Headquarters of the Federal Intelligence Service built.
• 2015
  • 7 February: Victoria released.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,610,156.
• 2016
  • July: Protest against gentrification in Friedrichshain.
  • 18 September: Berlin state election, 2016.
  • 1 December: Berlin Police Academy established.
  • 19 December: 2016 Berlin truck attack.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,670,622.
• 2017
  • 13 April: IGA Cable Car opened.
  • 13 October: Babylon Berlin TV series released.
  • 10 December: Berlin–Munich high-speed railway opened.
  • 31 December: Population: 3,711,930.
  • Urban Nation museum opens.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-41291813
• 2018 – 31 December: Population: 3,748,148.
• 2022 - 8 June - 2022 Berlin car attack.

See also

• History of Berlin
• List of governing mayors of Berlin

References

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 17th-19th centuries

• Book: Topographia Germaniae. Topographia Electoratus Brandenburgici et Ducatus Pomeraniae. Berlin. 1652. https://books.google.com/books?id=-H9OAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA2-PR2 . 1652/1680
  • Book: A Geographical, Historical and Political Description of the Empire of Germany, Holland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Prussia, Italy, Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia: With a Gazetteer. 1800. John Stockdale. London . 79519893. Berlin. https://books.google.com/books?id=6OlWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA140.
    • Book: William Blackwood. 1830. Edinburgh. Edinburgh Encyclopædia . David Brewster. Berlin. https://archive.org/stream/edinburghencyclo03edinuoft#page/472/mode/2up. Edinburgh Encyclopædia.
    • Book: Geography . 2 . . Charles Knight . London . 1866 . Bradbury, Evans, & Co. . Berlin. . 2027/nyp.33433000064786 .
• Book: Berlin and its Treasures. 1867. D. Appleton and Company. New York.
  • • ; famous guidebook
• Book: J. Murray. London. 1877. Handbook for North Germany. Berlin. https://archive.org/stream/handbookfornort00firgoog#page/n162/mode/2up.
• + v.2

Published in 20th century

in English

• • Book: Chambers's Encyclopaedia . London . https://archive.org/stream/chamberssency02lond#page/94/mode/1up . Berlin . 1901. . Chambers's Encyclopaedia .
  • Berlin . 3 . Phillips . Walter Alison . Walter Alison Phillips . 785 - 791 . 1910 . . 1.
    • • Book: Catholic Encyclopedia. Berlin. Joseph Lins. https://archive.org/stream/catholicencyclop02herbuoft#page/493/mode/1up. New York. 1913. Catholic Encyclopedia.
  • Berlin: Allied Rights and Responsibilities in the Divided City . J.L. Simpson . International and Comparative Law Quarterly . 6 . 1 . 83–102 . 1957 . 755897. . 10.1093/iclqaj/6.1.83 .
• West Berlin – The Isolated City in the Twentieth Century. Wolfgang Hofmann . Journal of Contemporary History . 4. 1969. 3 . 77–93 . 10.1177/002200946900400305 . 259732. 154750065 .
  • • • History, Aesthetics, and Contemporary Commemorative Practice in Berlin . John Czaplicka . New German Critique . 155–187 . 65. 1995. 10.2307/488540 . 488540. .
• Book: Trudy Ring. Northern Europe . International Dictionary of Historic Places. 1995. Fitzroy Dearborn . 978-1-136-63944-9. Berlin. https://books.google.com/books?id=yfPYAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA92.
  • • Book: Germany . Let's Go. Berlin. https://archive.org/stream/letsgogermany19900mull#page/85/mode/1up. 1999 . St Martins Press. 9780312194833. 24980049M . Evanovich. Janet.

in German

• Book: P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht. Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas . Meyer's Atlas of German Cities. 1913. Bibliographisches Institut. Leipzig. de. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009018394. Berlin.
• Book: Berlin. Griebens Reiseführer. Berlin. Albert Goldschmidt. Internet Archive. 1920 . de.

Published in 21st century

• • • Picture Postcards of Urbanity: Reflections on Berlin's Inner City and the 1999 Master Plan . Florian Urban . Journal of Architectural Education . 57 . 1 . 68–73 . 2003 . 1425741. . 10.1162/104648803322336601 . 109813934 .
• Hartmut Haussermann. Berlin: from divided into fragmented city . Greek Review of Social Research. 2004.
• Book: Gösta Arvastson . Tim Butler . Multicultures and Cities. 2006. . 978-87-635-0372-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHadsFM-3WsC&pg=PA113. Shopping Malls and Shishas ... Berlin and Moscow.
• Book: Christian Hartel. 2006. Berlin: a Short History.
• Book: Daum, Andreas W. . Andreas Daum. 2008. Kennedy in Berlin. New York. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-85824-3.
• Book: Davis, Belinda . Gyan Prakash and Kevin Michael Kruse. Spaces of the Modern City: Imaginaries, Politics, and Everyday Life. 2008. Princeton University Press. 978-0-691-13343-0. City as theater of protest: West Berlin and West Germany, 1962-83. Belinda Davis. registration. https://archive.org/details/spacesofmodernci00gyan.
• Book: Christian Hermansen Cordua. Manifestoes and Transformations in the Early Modernist City. 2010. Ashgate Publishing. 978-0-7546-7948-6. Berlin 1900. Joachim Schlör. https://books.google.com/books?id=_w5-AxJTf0EC&pg=PA255.
• Book: Agata Anna Lisiak. Urban Cultures in (Post)colonial Central Europe. 2010. Purdue University Press. 978-1-55753-573-3. (about Berlin, Budapest, Prague, Warsaw)
  • Book: Roman A. Cybriwsky. Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture. 2013. . 978-1-61069-248-9. Berlin . 48+.
• Web site: 7 January 2014. Berlin 1914: A city of ambition and self-doubt. Stephen Evans . BBC News.

External links

• Web site: Berlin in Brief: History . Berlin.de . 19 May 2023 . Governing Mayor of Berlin .
• Links to fulltext city directories for Berlin via Wikisource
• Europeana. Items related to Berlin, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Berlin, various dates
• Web site: Berlin Time Line: 1945–1990 . Cold War Museum. Virginia, USA .

52.5167°N 13.3833°W

Notes and References

1. Book: Ursula Heinzelmann . Food Culture in Germany. 2008. Greenwood Press . 978-0-313-34495-4 . Timeline . https://books.google.com/books?id=ULLygtLOI-kC&pg=PR15 . Ursula Heinzelmann.
2. Book: Henri Bouchot . H. Grevel . London . The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. 1890. H. Grevel & Co. . https://books.google.com/books?id=5ycxAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA367 . Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established . Henri Bouchot .
3. Book: Allgemeines Adreßbuch für den deutschen Buchhandel ... 1870 . 1870. O.A. Schulz . Leipzig . de .
4. Book: Franz A.J. Szabo. The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756-1763. 2013. Routledge. 978-1-317-88697-6 . Chronology of Major Events . https://books.google.com/books?id=GaUuAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA435 .
5. Book: Claude Egerton Lowe . Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events . 1896. Weekes & Co. . London . Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music . https://books.google.com/books?id=rvhBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA87 .
6. Book: Berlin . Neuer Theater-Almanach . 1908. F.A. Günther & Sohn . de . 2027/uva.x030515382 .
7. Book: . Oxford Illustrated History of Opera . 2001. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-285445-2.
8. Book: Königliche Museen zu Berlin . Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland . 6th . de . 1904. Georg Reimer.
9. Web site: Potsdamer Bahn . de.
10. Book: . Cambridge Companion to Choral Music . . 2012 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-11173-7 . Choral Music in the Culture of the 19th Century . Chester L. Alwes . Music publishers of the 18th to the early 20th c. (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=b79Dc9sHDtMC&pg=PA39 . registration .
11. Web site: Springer Timeline . https://web.archive.org/web/20141020115235/http://www.ulib.niu.edu/publishers/Springer.htm . 2014-10-20 . The Academic Publishing Industry: A Story of Merger and Acquisition . Mary H. Munroe . 2004 . Northern Illinois University .
12. Book: Ernest F. Henderson . A Short History of Germany . 1937 . HathiTrust . Macmillan . New York . Chronological Table: 1658-1914 . 2027/uc1.b3851058 .
13. Book: Mitchel P. Roth . Prisons and Prison Systems: A Global Encyclopedia. 2006. Greenwood . 978-0-313-32856-5 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=RTH31DgbTzgC&pg=PR31 .
14. Book: Famous First Facts . 2000 . H.W. Wilson Co. . Steven Anzovin . Janet Podell . 0824209583 . Famous First Facts .
15. Book: Georg Friedrich Kolb .

    de:Georg Friedrich Kolb

    . de . Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde . 1862 . Leipzig . A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung . Die europäischen Großmächte: Preussen . https://books.google.com/books?id=QkBVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA37 .
16. Book: Andrea Wulf. The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldt's New World. registration. 2015. Knopf. 978-0-385-35067-9. Andrea Wulf.
17. Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907 . A.J. Mackintosh . . UK . 1907 . 177 . 2027/njp.32101076197365 .
18. Book: Mark Garrett. Encyclopedia of Transportation . 2014. Sage. 978-1-4833-4651-9 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=vnpNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PR37 .
19. Web site: Vereinsgeschichte . de . Berliner Automobil-Club . 18 December 2013 . https://archive.today/20131219101358/http://www.bac-avd.de/html/bac/wp/?page_id=8 . 19 December 2013 .
20. Hotel Esplanade: The Cultural History of a Berlin Location . Friedemann Kreuder . PAJ: A Journal of Performance and Art . 22 . 2 . 22–38 . 2000 . 3245890 . 10.2307/3245890 . 191623662 .
21. Charles Emerson, 1913: In Search of the World Before the Great War (2013) compares Berlin to 20 major world cities on the eve of World War I; pp 59-77.
22. Book: Statesman's Year-Book . 1921 . London . Macmillan and Co.. Germany: Principal Towns . Hathi Trust . 2027/njp.32101072368440 . Statesman's Year-Book .
23. Book: Patrick Robertson. Robertson's Book of Firsts . 2011. Bloomsbury . 978-1-60819-738-5.
24. Dada Berlin: "A History of Performance (1918-1920) . Mel Gordon . The Drama Review . 18 . 2 . 114–124 . 1974 . 1144908 . 10.2307/1144908 .
25. Book: James C. Docherty . Peter Lamb . Historical Dictionary of Socialism . 2006 . 2nd . . 978-0-8108-6477-1 . Chronology . https://books.google.com/books?id=JRYjU-L4F7wC&pg=PR21 .
26. Book: . Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. 2003. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-00132-8 . Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list) . https://books.google.com/books?id=1DW1WyiooSMC&pg=PA277 .
27. Web site: BBC . Radio 3 . Opera Timeline . 30 March 2015 . BBC Radio 3 .
28. Web site: Movie Theaters in Berlin, Germany . CinemaTreasures.org . Cinema Treasures LLC . Los Angeles . 18 December 2013 .
29. Web site: Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany . Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese) . Norway . 30 September 2015 .
30. News: Germany Profile: Timeline . BBC News . 13 March 2012 . 18 December 2013.
31. Book: New York Times Book of World War II 1939-1945. 2013. Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers . USA . . 978-1-60376-377-6.
32. (comparative photographs, 1945 and 2015)
33. Book: Bernard A. Cook. Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia . 2013. Routledge . 978-1-135-17939-7 . Chronology of Major Political Events . https://books.google.com/books?id=kV-2AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT41 .
34. Web site: Timeline: The Berlin Airlift . Berlin Airlift . . . USA . 15 March 2014 .
35. Web site: Think Tank Directory . Philadelphia, USA . . 18 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131110100006/http://thinktanks.fpri.org/ . 10 November 2013 .
36. Web site: Sister Cities of Los Angeles . City of Los Angeles . USA . 30 December 2015 .
37. Web site: Germany . Art Spaces Directory . New York . . 26 December 2013.
38. Book: Joel S. Fetzer. J. Christopher Soper. Muslims and the State in Britain, France, and Germany. 2005. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-53539-7.
39. Web site: Bisherige Gartenschauen . de . Previous Garden Shows . Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft . Bonn . 18 December 2013.
40. Web site: 50th anniversary of the Berlin Wall: a timeline . 12 August 2011 . The Guardian . UK .
41. Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/19961230135248/http://www.berlin.de/ . www.berlin.de . 1996-12-30 . de . .
42. Web site: German mayors . London . City Mayors.com . . 18 December 2013.